科技英语写作中的典型错误省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

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1、第二十八章科技英语写作中经典错误第二十八章科技英语写作中经典错误例例 1汉语原句汉语原句这种新方法含有效率高、轻易调整优点。这种新方法含有效率高、轻易调整优点。英英语语错错句句This kind of new method have the advantage of high efficiency,easy adjustment.更更正正后后句句子子This new method has the advantages of high efficiency and easy adjustment.第1页例例 2汉汉语语原原句句本本文文首首先先讨讨论论了了这这种种信信号号特特点点，然然后后讨讨论论

2、了了它它产产生。生。英英语语错错句句This paper first discusses the features of this signal,and then its generation is described.更更正正后后句句子子This paper first discusses the features of this signal,and then describes its generation.不不过过本本句句最最好好采采取取以以下下句句型型：This paper begins with the discussion on the features of this sign

3、al,followed by the description of its generation.第2页例例 3汉语原句汉语原句这台设备特点是操作简便、价格低廉。这台设备特点是操作简便、价格低廉。英英语语错错句句The features of this device are easy in operation and low in price.更更正正后后句句子子The features of this device are easy operation and low price.不不过过比比很很好好一一个个句句型型是是：This device is characterized by（its

4、）easy operation and low price.第3页例例 4汉语原句汉语原句我们方法与以前讨论同一问题文章中所述不一样。我们方法与以前讨论同一问题文章中所述不一样。英英语语错错句句Our method is different from previous articles discussed the same problem.更更正正后后句句子子Our method is different from those presented（或或 described）in the papers available（或或 published before）on（或或 discussing）

5、the same problem.第4页例例 5汉汉语语原原句句只只有有经经过过对对该该系系统统性性能能研研究究，我我们们才才能能了了解解它它优优点。点。英英语语错错句句Only through studied the performance of the system,its advantages can be understood.更更正正后后句句子子Only through the study of the performance of the system,can one（或或we）understand（或或appreciate）its advantages.第5页例例 6汉汉语语原原

6、句句本本文文对对提提升升打打印印速速度度和和印印字字质质量量提提供供了了一一个个计计算算机辅助设计伎俩。机辅助设计伎俩。英英语语错错句句 This paper provided a kind of means of computer aid design for progressing the printing speed and the printing quality.更更正正后后句句子子 This paper presents a CAD method for increasing the printing speed and improving the printing quality

7、.第6页例例 7汉语原句汉语原句对构件承载能力做了详细分析。对构件承载能力做了详细分析。英英语语错错句句The detailed analysis of the ability of bearing loads of the components is given.更更正正后后句句子子 A detailed（或或 concrete）analysis of the ability of the component to carry loads is made.第7页例例 8汉语原句汉语原句共有共有M个多边形，其顶点数均为个多边形，其顶点数均为N。英英语语错错句句There are M polyg

8、ons altogether,whose vertex number is all N.更更正正后后句句子子 There are M polygons altogether,each of which has N vertexes.即即使使从从语语法法角角度度来来看看，定定语语从从句句能能够够译译成成“the number of vertexes of each of which is N.”但但这这种表示法不好，显得很繁琐。种表示法不好，显得很繁琐。第8页例例 9汉汉语语原原句句这这个个方方法法需需要要准准确确定定位位，这这就就使使得得它它实实现现含含有有一一定难度。定难度。英英语语错错句句

9、This method requires accurate location and this makes its realization have a little difficulty.更更正正后后句句子子This method requires accurate location,thus making（或或which makes）its realization somewhat difficult.第9页例例 10汉语原句汉语原句对对A识别和对识别和对B确实定是使用这一方法先决条件。确实定是使用这一方法先决条件。英英语语错错句句 The recognition of A and det

10、ermining B are the prerequisite for the use of this method.更更正正后后句句子子The recognition of A and the determination of B are the prerequisites for the use of this method.第10页例例 11汉汉语语原原句句最最终终提提出出了了实实现现这这种种方方法法应应注注意意一一些些问问题题和和处处理理方法。方法。英英语语错错句句At last,we provided some problems that could be noted in impl

11、ementing this method and solving ways.更更正正后后句句子子Finally,some problems that deserve to be noted in implementing this method and their solution are presented.第11页例例 12汉语原句汉语原句因为缺点存在，构件疲劳寿命将大大降低。因为缺点存在，构件疲劳寿命将大大降低。英英语语错错句句Because of the existing of the defect,the fatigue life of the components will dec

12、rease very much.更更正正后后句句子子Because of（或或Due to）the existence of the defect,the fatigue life of the components will be decreased（或或shortened）greatly.第12页例例 13汉语原句汉语原句并讨论了这一方法与扫描法相比优点。并讨论了这一方法与扫描法相比优点。英英语语错错句句As compared with the scanning method,the advantages of this method has discussed also.更更正正后后句句

13、子子 The advantages of this method over the scanning method have also been discussed.第13页例例 14汉语原句汉语原句已知常数已知常数K，就能算出就能算出C来。来。英语错句英语错句Giving the constant K,C can be calculated.更更正正后后句句子子Given（或或knowing）the constant K,one（或或we）can calculate C.（或或,it is possible to calculate C.）第14页例例 15汉语原句汉语原句这台新设计仪器质量

14、很好。这台新设计仪器质量很好。英语错句英语错句This new designed instrument is in good quality.更更正正后后句句子子This newly designed instrument is good in quality.或或：This newly designed instrument is of good quality.第15页例例 16汉语原句汉语原句锡熔点没有铅高。锡熔点没有铅高。英英语语错错句句Tin does not have a melting point as high as lead does.更更正正后后句句子子Tin does n

15、ot have as high a melting point as lead does.第16页例例 17汉语原句汉语原句这台转动机器将在一二分钟后自动停下来。这台转动机器将在一二分钟后自动停下来。英英语语错错句句This running machine will stop of itself after one minute or two.更更正正后后句句子子This running machine will stop of itself in one or two minutes（或或 in a minute or two）.第17页例例 18汉语原句汉语原句在这种情况下，输入不会下降，

16、输出也不会下降。在这种情况下，输入不会下降，输出也不会下降。英英语语错错句句In this case,the input does not fall;the output does not fall,too.更更正正后后句句子子In this case,the input does not fall,neither（或或nor）does the output.第18页例例 19汉语原句汉语原句这个问题有待处理。这个问题有待处理。英语错句英语错句This problem waits to solve.更正后句子更正后句子This problem remains to be solved.第19页

17、例例 20汉语原句汉语原句这个电荷与存在其它电荷相互作用。这个电荷与存在其它电荷相互作用。英语错句英语错句This charge interacts with other present charge.更更正正后后句句子子 This charge interacts with other charges present.第20页例例 21汉语原句汉语原句现有教科书没有提到这一点。现有教科书没有提到这一点。英英语语错错句句 The now existed textbooks do not make mention of this point.更更正正后后句句子子 The existing tex

18、tbooks（或或The textbooks available）have made no mention of this point.第21页例例 22汉语原句汉语原句x 全部值均不能满足这一方程全部值均不能满足这一方程。英语错句英语错句All values of x cant satisfy this equation.更更正正后后句句子子 No values of x（或或None of the values of x）can satisfy this equation.第22页例例 23汉语原句汉语原句这个电压几乎是测不出。这个电压几乎是测不出。英语错句英语错句This voltage

19、 almost can not be measured.更正后句子更正后句子This voltage can hardly be measured.第23页例例 24汉语原句汉语原句铜导电率比铁高。铜导电率比铁高。英语错句英语错句The conductivity of copper is higher than iron.更更正正后后句句子子The conductivity of copper is higher than that of iron.第24页例例 25汉语原句汉语原句在这个试验室中，这台仪器比其它灵敏。在这个试验室中，这台仪器比其它灵敏。英英语语错错句句 In this lab

20、oratory,this instrument is more sensitive than any one.更更正正后后句句子子 In this laboratory,this instrument is more sensitive than any other one（或或 any one else）.第25页例例 26汉语原句汉语原句这本书序言写得很好。这本书序言写得很好。英语错句英语错句The preface of this book was well written.更正后句子更正后句子The preface to this book is well written.第26页例例

21、27汉语原句汉语原句为了发射无线电波，必须产生高频振荡。为了发射无线电波，必须产生高频振荡。英英 语语 错错 句句 Sending out radio waves,high-frequency oscillations must be generated.更更正正后后句句子子To send out radio waves,it is necessary to generate high-frequency oscillations.第27页例例 28汉语原句汉语原句其它类型电动机也广泛用在工业上。其它类型电动机也广泛用在工业上。英英语语错错句句Other types of the electr

22、ic motor also are widely use in industry.更更正正后后句句子子Other types of electric motor are also widely used in industry.第28页例例 29汉语原句汉语原句任何学生均不会解这种特殊方程任何学生均不会解这种特殊方程。英英语语错错句句Any student cannot solve this kind of special equation.更更正正后后句句子子No student（或或None of the students）can solve this special kind of eq

23、uation.第29页例例 30汉语原句汉语原句必须了解这种材料是否能经受住这么大力必须了解这种材料是否能经受住这么大力。英英语语错错句句It is necessary to know if this material can stand a so large force or not.更更正正后后句句子子It is necessary to know whether this material can stand so large a force or not.第30页例例 31汉汉语语原原句句电电压压是是用用伏伏特特来来度度量量。（或或：电电压压度度量量单单位位是是伏伏特。）特。）英语错句

24、英语错句Voltage is measured with volt.更正后句子更正后句子Voltage is measured in volts.第31页例例 32汉语原句汉语原句这两位工程师正忙于设计一个新型软件这两位工程师正忙于设计一个新型软件。英英语语错错句句This two engineers are busy to design a type of new software.更更正正后后句句子子These two engineers are busy with the design of或或busy（in）designinga new type of software.第32页例例

25、33汉语原句汉语原句这种材料极难加工这种材料极难加工。英语错句英语错句This material is very difficult to be machined.更正后句子更正后句子This material is very difficult to machine.第33页例例 34汉语原句汉语原句若把式（若把式（7）代入式（）代入式（8）就得到）就得到a=b。英英语语错错句句If Eq.(7)is substituted in Eq.(8),we obtain a=b.更更正正后后句句子子Substituting Eq.(7)in Eq.(8),we obtain a=b.或或Subst

26、ituting of Eq.(7)in Eq.(8)yields a=b.第34页例例 35汉语原句汉语原句声音传输速度比光慢得多声音传输速度比光慢得多。英语错句英语错句Sound travels less faster than light is.更更正正后后句句子子Sound travels much less fast than light（does）.第35页例例 36汉语原句汉语原句这个设备有它一些独特优点这个设备有它一些独特优点。英英语语错错句句 This equipment has a few advantage all its own.更更正正后后句句子子This equipm

27、ent has a few advantages all its own.第36页例例 37汉语原句汉语原句我们已定义了度量我们已定义了度量m质量单位。质量单位。英语错句英语错句We have defined mass unit to measure m.更更正正后后 句句子子We have defined mass units with which to measure m.第37页例例 38汉语原句汉语原句所得结果与测量值吻合所得结果与测量值吻合。英语错句英语错句The results obtained fit the experimental values.更更正正后后句句子子 The

28、results obtained agree（或或 are in agreement）with the experimental values.第38页例例 39汉汉语语原原句句本本文文讨讨论论了了三三维维多多通通道道稳稳态态流流场场和和温温度度场场数数值值计计算与试验。算与试验。英英语语错错句句Numerical computation and experiment for the steady-state flow and temperature field in three dimensional multi-channels are discussed in this paper.更更

29、正正后后句句子子 The numerical computation of and the experiment on the steady-state flow and temperature fields in three dimensional multi-channels are discussed.第39页例例 40汉汉语语原原句句定定义义了了一一个个描描述述图图论论中中一一些些工工程程问问题题求求解解算算法法语语言言(我们称之为图论算法语言我们称之为图论算法语言)。英英语语错错句句An algorithm language（we call it the Algorithm Lang

30、uage for the Graph Theory）to describe the solution of some engineering problem in the graph theory is defined.更更正正后后句句子子An algorithm language（which we call the Algorithm Language for the Graph Theory）for describing the solution of some engineering problems in the graph theory is defined.第40页例例 41汉语原

31、句汉语原句我们轻易确定该物体重量。我们轻易确定该物体重量。英英语语错错句句We are easy to determine the weight of the body.更更正正后后句句子子It is easy for us to determine the weight of the body.（或或 We can determine the weight of the body easily.）第41页例例 42汉语原句汉语原句摩擦使得输入机器功大于由机器所做有用功摩擦使得输入机器功大于由机器所做有用功。英英语语错错句句Friction make the work put into a m

32、achine be greater than the useful work accomplished by it.更更正正后后句句子子Friction makes the work put into a machine greater than the useful work accomplished by it.第42页例例 43汉语原句汉语原句瓶中空气受热后就会膨胀瓶中空气受热后就会膨胀。英英语语错错句句 On heating,the air in the bottle will be expanded.更更正正后后句句子子On being heated,the air in the b

33、ottle will expand.第43页例例 44汉语原句汉语原句接收机许多原理也适合用于发射机接收机许多原理也适合用于发射机。英英语语错错句句Many of principles of a receiver also apply for a transmitter.更更正正后后句句子子Many of the principles of a receiver also apply to a transmitter.第44页例例 45汉语原句汉语原句物体越热，它辐射能量就越多物体越热，它辐射能量就越多。英英语语错错句句 The hoter the body,the more the ener

34、gy it radiates.更更正正后后句句子子 The hotter the body,the more energy it radiates.第45页例例 46汉语原句汉语原句半导体将在第二章加以讨论半导体将在第二章加以讨论。英英语语错错句句Semiconductor will be discussed in the chapter 2.更更正正后后句句子子Semiconductors will be discussed in Chapter 2.第46页例例 47汉语原句汉语原句一些元素产生放射能力被称为放射性一些元素产生放射能力被称为放射性。英英语语错错句句 The ability

35、for some elements to give off radiations is referred as the radioactivity.更更正正后后句句子子 The ability of some elements to give off radiations is referred to as radioactivity.第47页例例 48汉语原句汉语原句人们经常发射各种卫星来取得相关太空信息人们经常发射各种卫星来取得相关太空信息。英英语语错错句句The various satellites are frequently launched to obtain informatio

36、ns about space.更更正正后后句句子子Various satellites are frequently launched to obtain information about space.第48页例例 49汉汉语语原原句句不不但但温温度度和和光光影影响响导导电电率率，而而且且给给半半导导体体加加杂杂质质也会使导电率改变很大也会使导电率改变很大。英英语语错错句句 Not only temperature and light affect the conductivity,but the addition of impurities to semiconductors will a

37、lso make it to change greatly.更更正正后后句句子子Not only do temperature and light affect the conductivity,but the addition of impurities to semiconductors will also make it change greatly.第49页例例 50汉语原句汉语原句直流电总是朝一个方向流动直流电总是朝一个方向流动。英语错句英语错句The direct current always flow to one direction.更正后句子更正后句子Direct curre

38、nt flows always in one direction.第50页例例 51汉语原句汉语原句在这里必须使用一个在这里必须使用一个8伏电池伏电池。英语错句英语错句A 8-volts battery must be used here.更正后句子更正后句子An 8-volt battery must be sued here.第51页例例 52汉汉语语原原句句结结果果表表明明，这这两两种种方方法法其其实实质质是是一一致致，只只不不过过各各有其应用条件有其应用条件。英英语语错错句句The results indicate that this two methods are consisten

39、t,they have only respective applied condition.更更正正后后句句子子The results indicate that these two methods are consistent in essence,with the exception that they have their own specific application conditions.第52页例例 53汉语原句汉语原句这台仪器价格很贵这台仪器价格很贵。英语错句英语错句The price for this instrument is expensive.更正后句子更正后句子The

40、 price of this instrument is high.第53页例例 54汉语原句汉语原句这个设备占地方太多这个设备占地方太多。英语错句英语错句This device takes too many places.更更正正后后句句子子This device occupies to much space（或或room）.第54页例例 55汉语原句汉语原句机器人是一个特殊电子设备机器人是一个特殊电子设备。英语错句英语错句Robot is a kind of special electronic devices.更正后句子更正后句子A robot is a special kind of

41、electronic device.第55页例例 56汉语原句汉语原句这六个月来他们一直在设计一个新型计算机这六个月来他们一直在设计一个新型计算机。英英语语错错句句 They have been designed a type of new computer since these six months.更更正正后后句句子子 They have been designing a new type of computer these six months.第56页例例 57汉语原句汉语原句改进后算法在位移矢量估值精度上优于原算法改进后算法在位移矢量估值精度上优于原算法。英英语语错错句句 The

42、improved algorithm has an advantage compared with the original one in the accuracy of the estimation of the displacement vectors.更更正正后后句句子子The improved algorithm has an advantage over（或或is superior to）the original one in the accuracy of the estimation of the displacement vectors.第57页例例 58汉汉语语原原句句本本文

43、文注注意意到到该该系系统统含含有有永永久久磁磁铁铁特特点点，提提出出一一个个比较简易方法，处理其磁路计算问题比较简易方法，处理其磁路计算问题。英英 语语 错错 句句 This paper pays attention to having the characteristic of permanent ring magnet,and presents a kind of simpler method of solving problem of calculation for the magnetic circuit.更更正正后后句句子子On the basis of the fact that

44、this system has the property of a permanent magnet,this paper presents a simpler method of calculation for the magnetic circuit.第58页例例 59汉汉语语原原句句经经过过对对平平面面连连杆杆机机构构五五类类基基本本杆杆件件和和运运动动副副约约束束性性质质分分析析，本本文文导导出出了了用用拓拓扑扑图图论论中中点点边边关关联联矩矩阵阵表表示示拓拓扑扑变换变换。英英 语语 错错 句句 This paper has inferred the topology transfor

45、mation which is expressed by the vertex-edge incidence matrix of topology graph from analyzing the five kinds of linkage and the restricted properties of kinematic pairs.更更正正后后句句子子By analyzing the five basic types of linkage and the constraints of kinematic pairs,this paper has inferred the topologi

46、cal transformation which expressed by the vertex-edge incidence matrix of the topological graph.第59页例例 60汉语原句汉语原句在这种情况下，二极管反向电流能够忽略不计在这种情况下，二极管反向电流能够忽略不计。英英语语错错句句 In this case the diode reverse current is negligible.更更正正后后句句子子 In this case the reverse diode current is negligible.第60页例例 61汉语原句汉语原句这个值

47、似乎不能满足该方程这个值似乎不能满足该方程。英英语语错错句句It appears that this value does not satisfy the equation.更更正正后后句句子子It does not appear that this value satisfies the equation.第61页例例 62汉语原句汉语原句在这个情况下，必须尽可能利用信号能量在这个情况下，必须尽可能利用信号能量。英英语语错错句句In this case it is necessary to use the energy of signals as possibly.更更正正后后句句子子In

48、this case it is necessary to use as much energy of signals as possible.第62页例例 63汉汉语语原原句句滤滤波波器器齿齿数数改改变变对对滤滤波波器器通通带带性性能能影影响响比比结结构构尺尺寸改变产生影响大。寸改变产生影响大。英英语语错错句句The variation of the filers tooth number more affects the performance of its passband compared with the variation of its dimensions.更更正正后后句句子子Th

49、e variation of the filters tooth number has a greater effect on the performance of its passband than the variation of its dimensions.第63页例例 64汉汉语语原原句句依依据据上上面面对对该该多多项项式式分分解解分分析析，就就得得到到了了一一个个新新奇排列奇排列。英英语语错错句句 On the basis of the analysis above to the decomposition of the polynomial,a novel kind of con

50、figuration is followed.更更正正后后句句子子On the basis of the above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial,a novel configuration results.第64页例例 65汉汉语语原原句句本本文文叙叙述述了了该该系系统统设设计计思思绪绪与与结结构构，深深入入探探讨讨了了模型检验模型检验。英英语语错错句句 This paper discussed designing ways and structure of the system and deeply discussed mo