精选幻灯片-(上课用)初中英语宾语从句复习课件.ppt

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1、Object Clauses宾语从句宾语从句结构：主句宾语从句结构：主句+引导词引导词+从句从句一教学任务一教学任务 复习宾语从句复习宾语从句 二教学重点二教学重点 1.1.宾语从句的概念宾语从句的概念 2.2.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词 3.3.宾语从句中的语序宾语从句中的语序 4.4.宾语从句的时态变化宾语从句的时态变化 三三.教学难点教学难点 1.if与与whether的区别的区别 2.when与与if 引导的宾语从句和状语从句引导的宾语从句和状语从句 3.宾语从句与简单句的互换宾语从句与简单句的互换 We know him We know he likes English.主主s

2、 s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。宾语从句结构：主句宾语从句结构：主句+连接词连接词+从句从句主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句一什么是宾语从句？试比较Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth go

3、es around the sun.Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets find out whats on tonight.Find out the Object ClausesWe are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .2.由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词

4、义又引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。充当句子成份。e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is?（谁的，作定语）（谁的，作定语）2)Could you tell me why the train is late?（为（为什么，作状语）什么，作状语）3)He asked who could answer the question.（谁，（谁，作主语）作主语）注：注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能充在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。e.g.I hear(that)he will be back

5、in an hour.1.由从属连词由从属连词that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句二二.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词3.由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g.I want to know if/whether she is right.They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not.if/whether 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 表示表示“是否是否”之义，在句中之义，在句中不充当句子成份。不充当句子成份。if/whether可互换可互换,但但whetheror not为固定搭配为固定搭配.看一看

6、：看一看：I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.If it rains,Ill stay at home.I want to know when he will come back.When he comes back,please tell me.想一想：想一想：when和和if 可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么特可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么特点？点？whenwhen和和if if 既可以引导既可以引导宾语从句宾语从句，也可以引导，也可以引导状语从句状语从句。在宾语。在宾语从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语

7、从句中，遵循主将从现主将从现的的原则原则。If与whether的区别1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he will come.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will come is not decided.与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whetherHelen says that she will lea

8、rn French next year.Do you know where he comes from?He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.三三.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓主语在前，谓语在后语在后”的顺序。的顺序。改一改改一改将下列问句变成陈述句。1.Canheswim?swim.2.Doeshehaveapen?apen.3.Whichplacedidhegoto?Whichplac

9、e.4.Whatswrongwithyou?.5.Whathappenedtoyou?.6.Whichisthewaytothestation?.想一想想一想 为什么4，5，6语序不变？HecanHehashewenttoWhathappenedtoyouWhatswrongwithyou说一说说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。WhichisthewaytothestationCanyoutellme/Iwanttoknow/Iwonder/Pleasetellme?e.g.Canyoutellmeif/whetherhecans

10、wim?四四.宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化I hear(that)Jim (be)a worker two years ago.Jim (be)an English teacher now.Jim (cook)dinner tomorrow.Jim (sing)a popular song now.Jim (be)to the Great Wall twice.Jim (play)basketball when his father came back.Jim (learn)1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.填一填填一填w

11、asiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）（需要性原则）2.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）一致。（呼应性原则）1)He will go to Hong Kong.2)He is sick

12、.3)He is reading a book.4)He has finished his work.1)He to Hong Kong.2)He sick.3)He a book.4)HeHesaid辨一辨辨一辨would go waswas reading his work.had finished 确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去

13、将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时 3.3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）时态。（特殊性原则）He told me(that)Summer is after Spring.I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon.My parents told me(that)no news is goo

14、d news.比一比比一比解题解题步骤步骤与技巧与技巧:1.1.陈述句陈述句She doesnt like computers.Sandy said.Sandy said that she doesnt like computers.saiddidntSandy said that she didnt like computers.2.2.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is it easy to work out the problem?2.2.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is it easy to work out the problem?(They asked)They asked It is easy

15、 to work out the problem.if it is easy to work out the problem.askedwasThey asked if it was easy to work out the problem.3.3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：When do Lucy and Lily get up?(He asked)He askedwhenLucy and Lily get upLucy and Lily get up.gotHe asked when Lucy and Lily got up.宾语宾语从句的三部曲从句的三部曲（变变化步化步骤骤）：）：1.确定

16、引导词确定引导词根据原句的类型根据原句的类型2.调整为陈述语序调整为陈述语序主谓主谓3.变化时态变化时态看主句看主句比一比IdontknowwhereIshouldgo.TellmehowIcandoit.Idontknowwheretogo.Tellmehowtodoit.你有什么发现？结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句疑问词+todo的简单句。练一练1.IdontknowwhatIshalldonext.(变为简单句）Idontknownext.2.Johndidntdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy.(变为简单句）Johndidntdecide.3.Canyoute

17、llmehowtogettothebusstop?(变为复合句）Canyoutellmethebusstop?4.PleasetellLucyhowtousethecomputer.(变为复合句）CanyoutellLucythecomputer.五.宾语从句与简单句的转换WhattodowhichbooktobuyhowIcangettohowshecanuse1.Couldyoutellme?A.wherethetwinswereB.wherethetwinsareCwherearethetwins2.A:Doyouknow?B:Yes,hecameherebytrain.A.whenhe

18、camehereB.ifhewillcomehereC.whyhecamehereD.howhecamehere3.ShesayssheEnglishfortenyears.A.learnedB.haslearnedC.waslearningD.havelearned4.Theteachertoldusthattheearthround.A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe5.Tellme.A.whatwrongiswithhimB.whatswrongtohimC.whatthematteriswithhimD.whatsthematterwithhim直击中考直击中考BDB

19、BD6.Myfriendaskedme.A.whoisthegirlB.whothegirlwasC.whowasthegirlD.whothegirl7.IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdontknow_.A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelivesD.wheredoesshelive8.Haveyoudecided_forLondon?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleaveC.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing9.Doyouknow_?A.whatitisB.what

20、isitC.whoisheD.whosenameisit10.Doyouknow_?A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhoseD.whosbookthisisBcBABFind out the mistakes and correct them.1 Could you tell me where do they live?2 She knew that Danny is a student.3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn.4 Do you know who car it

21、is?wasiswhose六六.课堂检测课堂检测宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素引导词引导词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句）疑问代词疑问代词/疑问副词疑问副词(特殊疑问句特殊疑问句)时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序 陈述句语序陈述句语序(主语主语+谓语谓语)客观真理客观真理 自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 时态不变时态不变七七.本课小结本课小结Thanks