考研英语真题考研英语二试题及答案.docx

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1、2017考研英语二真题完整版与参考答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and

2、activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the futu

3、re will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6,todays unemployed dont seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a

4、 year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jo

5、bless future.But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly

6、 different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,“ says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is

7、relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. When I come home from a hard days work, I often feel 18 J Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I dont have to work, I might feel rather different”perhaps different enou

8、gh to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.l.A boastingB denying C warningD| ensuring答案C warning2 .A inequality B instability答案A inequality3 .A policyBguidelineC unreliabilityD uncertaintyC resolutionD prediction答案B consumed a record-high p

9、ercentage of budget37.Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass to .A raise more funds for fire-prone areasB avoid the redirection of federal moneyC find wildfire-free parts of the landscapeD guarantee safer spending of public funds答案D guarantee safer spending of public funds38 .While admittin

10、g that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that.A public debates have not settled yetB fire-fighting conditions are improvingC other factors should not be overlookedD a shift in the view of fire has taken place答案C other factors should not be overlooked39 .The overly simplified view Moritz mention

11、s is a result of failing to .A discover the fundamental makeup of natureB explore the mechanism of the human systemsC maximize the role of landscape in human lifeD understand the interrelations of man and nature答案D understand the interrelations of man and nature40 .Professor Balch points out that fi

12、re is something man should .A do away withB come to terms withC pay a price forD keep away from答案B come to terms withPart BDirections：Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in t

13、he right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We dont make anything anymore,he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has take

14、n a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge： instead of having too many workers, the

15、y may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For fac

16、tory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers一and upward pressure on wages. “Theyre harder to find and they have job offers； says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, “They may be coming into the workforce, but theyve been plucked by other industries t

17、hat are also doing an well as manufacturing,Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the

18、 age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by

19、 the copper coils hes trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. Its his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. love working with tools. I love creating. he says.But to win over

20、 these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle： parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recessi

21、on,“ says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns arent misplaced： Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-sk

22、illed trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.“The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill,“ says Rob Spohr, a答案D prediction4.A characterized BdividedC balancedD measured答案A characterized5.A wisdomB meaningC gloryD freedom答案B meaning6.A I

23、nsteadBIndeedC ThusD Nevertheless答案B Indeed7,A richB urbanC workingD educated答案C working8. |A| explanation|B requirement|C| compensationD| substitute答案A explanation9.A underB beyondC alongsideD among答案D among10.A leave behind B make upC worry aboutfD set aside答案C worry about11.A statistically B occa

24、sionallyC necessarilyD economically答案C necessarily12.A chancesB downsidesC benefits D principles答案B downsides13.A| absence|B height|C face|D course答案A absence14.A disturbB restoreC excludeD yield答案D yield15.A modelB practiceC virtueD hardship答案C virtue16. AJ trickyB lengthyC mysterious D scarce答案D s

25、carce17 .A demands B standards C qualities D threats答案A demands18 .A ignored B tiredC confused D starved答案网tired19 .A off B againstC behind D into答案D into20JA technological B professional C educational D interpersonal答案B professionalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections :Read the followin

26、g four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 40 points )Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspi

27、red 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents； their times range from Andrew Baddeleys world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic “legacy“ is failing.

28、Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It h

29、as not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012一but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week

30、 have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to inspire a generation/9 The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial： Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There

31、is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up： The stress on success over taking part was intimidati

32、ng for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”, concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods-making sure ther

33、e is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. I

34、nstead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21 . According to Paragraph 1, Parkrun has .A gained great popularityB created many jobsC strengthened community tiesD become an official festival答案A

35、gained great popularity22 .The author believes that Londons Olympiclegacy” has failed to .A boost population growthB promote sport participationC improve the citys imageD increase sport hours in schools答案B promote sport participation23 .Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it.A aims at di

36、scovering talentsB| focuses on mass competitionC does not emphasize elitismD does not attract first-timers答案C does not emphasize elitism24 .With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should .A organize “grassroots“ sports eventsB supervise local sports associationsC increase funds

37、for sports clubsD invest in public sports facilities答案D invest in public sports facilities25 .The authors attitude to what UK governments have done fbr sports is .A tolerantB criticalC uncertainD sympathetic答案B criticalText 2With so much focus on childrens use of screens, its easy fbr parents to for

38、get about their own screen use. Tech is designed to really suck on you in, says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the

39、use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that

40、 phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents9 faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive-as they often are

41、 when absorbed in a device-it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment“ devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giv

42、ing them any visual social feedback； The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention. Parents dont have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expr

43、essions of an emotional need J says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids use of screens are bom out of an oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting with their children： “Its based on a somewhat fantasized, veiy white, ve

44、iy upper-middle-class ideology that says if youre failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them. Tronick believes that just because a child isnt learning from the screen doesnt mean theres no value to itparticularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or si

45、mply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26 .According to Jenny Radesky, digital products

46、 are designed toA simplify routine mattersB absorb user attentionC better interpersonal relationsD increase work efficiency答案B absorb user attention27 .Radeskys food-testing exercise shows that mothers5 use of devices A takes away babies appetiteB distracts childrens attentionC slows down babies ver

47、bal developmentD reduces mother-child communication答案D reduces mother-child communication28 .Radeskys cites the “still face experiment“ to show that.A it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeC children are insensitive to changes in their parents moodD parents need to respond to childrens emotional needs答案D parent