初三上册英语语法学习方法.docx

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1、一般将来时的被动语态：主语+will +be +过去分词过去将来时的被动语态：主语+would / should + be + 过去分词过去进行时的被动语态：主语+was / were + being + 过去分词过去完成时的被动语态：主语+had + been +过去分词情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词2 .被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by+ 动作执行者短语。Football is played widely all over the world.全世界都广泛地踢足球。(2)强调动作的承受者。The bank was robbed yesterd

2、ay afternoon.昨天下午这家银行遭到抢劫。(3)作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型。It is reported that about twenty children have died of flu in theUSA.据报道美国大约二十名儿童死于流感。3 .主动语态的句子变为被动语态的步骤(1)把原句中的宾语变为主语(2)动词改为被动形式,即be+过去分词(3)原来的主语，如果需要的话，放在by后面;如果没 必要，可省略。3 .初三上册英语语法学习方法 篇三介词by的用法1 .意为“在旁”，“靠近”。Some are singing and dancing under a bi

3、g tree. Some are drawing by the lake.有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。2 .意为“不迟于”，“到时为止”。Your son will be all right by supper time.你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term?到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲？3 .表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通 过”、“乘坐”等。The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail

4、and laughing.猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。The boy s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.孩子的父亲是那么的感激,于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁 路电报来传达信息。4 .表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。One by one they went past the table in the dark. 他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。5 .表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。What time is it by your watch?你的表几点了？6

5、.和take , hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一 部分。I took him by the hand.我拉住了他的手。7 .用于被动句中，表示行为主体，常译作“被”、“由” 等。English is spoken by many people.英语被许多人说。（即“许多人讲英语J ）4 .初三上册英语语法学习方法 篇四数词的应用1 .表编号结构:名词（首字母要大写）+基数词=the +序数词+ 名词Lesson One = the first lesson注：有些编号，一般仅用第一种表达法。Room 101 101 号房间2 .序数词前一般加定冠词the但序数词前与不定冠词a/an连用

6、时，表示“又一，再一”You ve done it three times . Why not try a fourthtime?3 .数词前加every ,表示每/每隔every tendays=every ninth day 每十天(每隔九天)注：every +基数词+复数名词=every + (序数词T) + 单数名词4 .基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄(1)表示年代：in the +年份的复数在几世纪几十年 代.在十九世纪七十年代.in the 1870s .(2)表年龄：in one, s +整十的复数表示在某人几十 岁时在他四十岁时：in his forties .5 . hund

7、red / thousand /million /billion若 hundred / thousand /million /billion 前有基 数词时，其后不加S,也不加Of .若没有时，既加S也要带 ofEvery year, thousands of visitors come to China.There are two hundred students in our school.(2)若其前有a few、many several修饰时，通常用 复数，后接。f.(3)若名词前有the修饰时，用单数，后接ofTwo hundred of the students in our sc

8、hool are fromthe countryside.6 .几个半的表达法：基数词+ and + a half +名词复数=基数词+名词（单 数/复数）+and +a halftwo and a half hours = two hours and a half5 .初三上册英语语法学习方法篇五动词不定式的特殊句型1. too什么to表示“太怎么而不能”。如：The boy is too young to look after himself.那个 男孩太小不能照顾自己。2. enough to表示“足够做什么。如：He is old enough to go to school.他到了上

9、学的年 龄了。3. Why don? t you加不带to的不定式?等于Why not加 不带to的不定式？如：Why don t you get her a photo album?等于 Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她 买个相册呢？4. had better （not）加不带to的不定式表示（不要） 如：You had better not stay there today.你今天另U待 在那儿。5. Will you please加不带to的不定式?表示“你能怎么样吗？”如：Will you please close the door?你能把门关上吗?6. prefer to do something rather than do something表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如：She prefers to receive a small gift that has some thought behind it rather than receive a lot of money. 她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。