Welcome+unit+Discovering+Useful+Structures+导学案 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册.docx

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1、Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structure学习 目 标：I. Learn to know the basic sentence structure of English2. Learn to analyze （he main element in a sentence.一、主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语1 .宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，但某些动词后除了跟直接宾语 外，还要有个间接宾语，以表示该动词所向的或所为的人或物，通常由名词或代词的宾格充当。例：She gave me a ticket.她给 了我一张票。（me

2、为间接宾语，a ticket为直接宾语）2 .通常情况下，间接宾语指人位于前面，直接宾语指物（物直人间）。但有时根据强调需要，间接 宾语可位于直接宾语之后，这时要在间接宾语前加支曲区。Oto 表方向：give, pass, hand, lend, send, tell, bring, show, pay, read, return, write, offer, teach, throw等于v.+直接宾语+to+间接宾语.i will bring the book to you next time. = I will bring you the book next time.（you为间接宾语，

3、Ihc book为直接宾语）1） 给我看看你的表:2）借给我点钱.3）记得给我写信.4）明天我将给你带点面包5） During the math class, we（tell） a funny story by the teacher.6） Free food（offer） to us when we were volunteers.for 表目的 buy, make, gel, order, cook, sing, fetch, play, painl, choose, prepare, spare 等用v.+直接宾语+for+间接宾语“结构中。Mother bought a new bag

4、 for him. = Mother bought him a new bag.（him为间接宾语,a new bag为直接宾语）1）爸爸给我订了个蛋糕。2）他给我搞到了 一张票。3） I make a cakemy daughter, and I choose a gift her.4） His shoes were worn out so he bought a pair of shoes on his birthday.5） A pair of shoes（buy） for him on my birthday.特别注意：带疑问词的不定式短语作直接宾语是一种很常用的形式，其基本句式是：主

5、语+及物动词+间接宾语+疑问词+不定式。She told me how to understand the article.The boy asked her what to do next.二、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语1. Object Complement （0C）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一 个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。判断下列句子成分。1） We think him an honest boy. （He is an honest boy.）2） I saw him working. （He was working.）3） He found h

6、is new job challenging. （His new job is challenging.）2 .背下面的句子，找到宾语补足语并总结哪些词可以做宾语补足语。The coach made him a member of the team, and it made him happy, but I had him exercise every day and told him to lose weight.To have （he radio working all the time, he had it charged.（充电）归纳：能充当宾语补足语3 .常见的后加宾语补足语的词具有

7、意志倾向的有ask, want, （ell , warn（警告）,intend（打算）,encourage（鼓励）push（促使），urge（敦 促）order（命令）,request（请求）,require（要求）advise（建议）,allow（允许）牛刀小试1)告诉他要安静。2)老师命令他站起来。3)我建议他设计一个桥。感官、使役动词使役动词let have make感官动词：二感(feel; find)二听(lisien, hear)四看(look , see, watch , observe)这样的动词后的宾语补足语用do; doing： done特别注意：以上使役动词和表示感官的动

8、词若运用于被动语态中，作宾语补足语的不定式中的I。则 不能被省略(即主动。省略被动I。还原)。eg: We all made him play the violin.(主动)He was made to play the violin by all of us (被动)1) He heard a woman cry over there under a tree.(主动语态) .(被动语态)2) The best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them(lift) out of the steamer basket without allow

9、ing them(tear).牛刀小试1) The designer notices his hands(shake) when he is writing.2) I saw a beam of light(flash) across the sky and it disappeared immediately.3) I often hear him(play) the piano.4) I heard him(play) when I arrived home last night.5) I told him(exercise) every day.6) He was told(exerci

10、se) every day.7) I have had my radio(repair).8) You should get your hair(cut). It is too long.9) I found Tom（beat） by bullies归纳；宾语和宾语补足语与之间的关系是 时，用d。或doing作宾补；宾语和宾语补足语之间的关系是 时，用done作宾补do表示;doing表示done表示keep , leave后也可以接宾语补足语，来描述宾语的状态I am always left wanting more next time.The manager keeps the worker working for five hours.三、易混辨析：双宾语与宾语补足语的区别宾语补足语中的宾语和它的补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，但双宾语则没有这种逻辑上的主谓关 系。We call him （宾语）Jack （宾补）.我们叫他杰克。宾语him和宾语补足语Jack之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，即“他就是杰克”, He bought her （间接宾语）abike （直接宾语），他给她买了一辆自行车。间接宾语her和直接宾语abike不能形成逻辑上的主谓关系，不能说“她是车”，因此此处为双宾语