Unit4Welcometoourparty!.docx

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1、Unit 4 Welcome to our party!Lead-in(Page 53 Activity 1)(背景知识介绍，为学生介绍西方的各种Party)A surprise party is a party that is being held to surprise someone without letting him/her know beforehand.The most common kind of surprise parties art birthday surprise parties.At most such parties, the guests will arriv

2、e earlier than the honored person about an hour or so. They usually find some places in the room to hide themselves, and when the honored person enters the room, they jump out and all shoutnSurprise! !nTo shock the honored person, party organizers often use streamers, silly string, and balloons. Evi

3、dence of a party, such as decorations and balloons, are hidden outside the home, so that nothing will arouse the honored peoples suspicion.A dinner party is a social gathering at which people sit around the table and have dinner together, usually in the hosts home.airconditione r/airconditio ningnou

4、nan appliance that coolsdown the air in a home orbuildingThe airconditioner keepsthe office nice and comfortable even when its very hot outside.avalanchea dangerous slide of snowThe skiers were warnednoundown a mountainabout a possibleavalanche.belowtemperature less than 0Its supposed to go belowfre

5、ezingdegrees Celsius/(32F)freezing before thepreposition/adjectiveweekend.blizzarda storm with lots of snowThe airplane couldntnounand windtake-off because of theblizzard.boiling hotcommon expression forIt was boiling hot, so weadjective +noundescribing a very hot dayall jumped into the lake.breezel

6、ight windDont bother with a hat.nounThere is always a breezenear the ocean.Celsiusnounmeasurement oftemperature (0 degrees isfreezing/100 is boiling)In the summer, the average temperature here is 20 degrees Celsius.chillyadjectivecoldIts a bit chilly today, so I think you should wear a coat.clearadj

7、ectivewhen the sky is bluebecause no clouds are blocking the sunOn a clear night you can see a lot of stars.cloud/cloudynoun/adjectivewater in the sky thatappears as a white orgrey massIt may look cloudy in the morning, but the sun always comes out by afternoon.cold spelladjective +nouna period of c

8、older thanaverage weatherTheyre calling for a cold spell, so we put off our camping trip.cooltemperature in betweenThe days were boiling hot,adjectivewarm and coldbut the nights were cooland comfortable for sleeping.degreesnounmeasurement fortemperatureI dont feel the heat untilits about forty degre

9、esCelsius outside.drizzlingcontinuous verbraining slightlyI think r 11 take the dog fora walk. Its only drizzlingnow.droughtnouna long period with no rainfallForest fires are a seriousdanger during a drought.Fahrenheitnounmeasurement oftemperature (32 degreesis freezing/212 is boiling)It was 100 deg

10、reesFahrenheit when we gotto San Francisco.floodnounoverflow of rain waterThe flood was so bad, our basement was full of water.JC.flumesvery light snowfallThere are a few flurriesnounbut the snow isnt stickingto the roads.fog/foggynoun/adjectivethick water vapor that blocks ones visionWe couldn，t se

11、e the bridge because there was too much fog.forecastthe expected weather forAccording to the 5 daynoun/verbthe futureforecast, its going to rain on our wedding day.freezing coldcommon expression usedIt was a freezing cold dayadjective +nounto describe a very colddayfor the Santa Claus parade.frostic

12、e crystals on a frozenSome flowers are so strongnounsurfacethey can withstand frost.frostbitea skin condition causedI lost my hat while I wasnounby over exposure to the cold (typically reddish skin with white spots)skiing, and I ended up withfrostbite on my ears.hailsmall pieces of ice thatThere was

13、 so much hailnounfall during a stormthat some of the trailer homes were destroyed.heat strokenouna flu-like condition one can acquire after spending too long in thesunBring lots of water and wear a hat to avoid heat stroke in this weather.heat-wavenounextremely hot weather that is much higher than a

14、verage-usually lasts ashort timeDuring the heat-wave we cooled our beds down with ice packs.humid/humidityadjective/nounmoisture in the airIt feels a lot hotter than it actually is because of the humidity.hurricanenouna tropical storm with very strong wind and rainHalf of the buildings on the island

15、 were flattened by the hurricane .icyadjectiveslippery because of iceThe roads are icy so pleaseavoid driving down anyhills.lightningnounelectric flash caused by two clouds hittingThe outdoor pool always closes when the lifeguards suspect lightning.mildadjectivetemperature that iswarmer than average

16、(in acold season)Its quite mild out so I didn，t bother with a hat or mittens.meteorologist nouna person who studies weather patternsThe meteorologistpredicted that the coldspell would be over by now.minus/negativeadjectiveindicates that atemperature is below zeroIt was minus twenty degrees at the to

17、p of the skil hill.overcastadjectiveno sun is visibleThe sky is overcast this morning, but the sun is supposed to come out by late afternoon.partlycloudyadverb + adjectiveterm often used in aweather forecast to indicate that the skies are sunny and cloudy at thesame timeTomorrows forecast ispartly c

18、loudy with clearskies by nightfall.precipitationnounrain or snow that falls on an areaThere is very littleprecipitation in the desertpuddlenouncollection of rain waterChildren love to splash in puddles when they are wearing rubber boots.rain/raining/ rainy noun/continuOUSverb/adjectivewater that fal

19、ls to earthMy hair is all wet and messy from the rain.raindropnouna single measurement ofrainI love catching raindropson my tongue.rainbownouna band of colours foundin the sky after a rainfallAccording to legend youcan find a pot of gold atthe end of a rainbow.raining catsraining heavilyThey cancell

20、ed the footballand dogsgame because it wasidiomraining cats and dogs.scorching/aextremely hotIt was a scorcher, so thescorchertemperature/a very hotwhole family slept in theadjective/noundaycool basement.seasontime of yearMy favorite season is Fall,nouncharacterized by certainbecause I love to watch

21、 theweatherleaves changing colours.Winter, Spring, Summer, Fall (or Autumn)showerquick/light rainstormTheyve been calling fornounshowers all week, but sofar its been dry.sleet (similarrain that freezes as it fallsAll-weather-tires are bestto hail)if you have to drive innounsleet.slush/slushynoun/adj

22、ectivesnow on the ground that has been rained onThe snow turned to slushas soon as it started to rain.smognounheavy, dark cloud cover caused by pollutionYou really notice the smog downtown in this type of humidity.snow/snowy/snowingnoun/adjective/ continuousverbfrozen water that warmsslightly as it

23、falls to earthIt is already snowing up in the mountains, so the ski season should be great this year.snowstormnounlarge amounts of windand snowAll of the schools were closed because of the snowstorm.sun/su wnshine/sunnynoun/noun/adjectivethe gassy star that warmsthe earthWe hope to have sunshine on

24、the day of the beach picnic.sunburnpainful red/pink skinThe bald man got anouncaused by being in thesunburn on his head.sun too longsunglasses/shdark eyewear thatI forgot my shades and Iadesprotects you from the sunwas driving right into thenounsun.suntan/tannebrown/golden skinI got a suntan on thed

25、caused by long periods ofcruise, but it has alreadynoun (alsosun exposurefaded away.verb)/adjective(also verb)sunscreen/sucream that protects yourDon5 t forget to reapplyntan lotionskin from sun damageyour sunscreen when younounget out of the lake.temperaturehow warm or cold the airCan you check the

26、nounistemperature before weget dressed for our walk?thermometinstrument for measuringWhen I checked theerthe temperature of the airtemperature this morning,There are formal dinner parties and informal ones. At the most formal dinner parties, the dinner is served on a dining table with place settings

27、. At dinner parties cocktail are often served in a living room or bar, where guests drink alcoholic beverages while talking with each other.At less formal dinner parties, a buffet is provided. Guests choose their favorite food from the buffet and eat while standing up and chatting with other people.

28、 At the parties female guests may wear cocktail dresses, while male guests may wear blazers.Differences can be found at some informal dinner parties. The host may ask guests to bring food or beverages such as: a main dish, a dessert, or appetizers).This kind of party is called a potluck or potluck d

29、inner, which are often held in churches and community centers in America.Farewell party:In many cultures, people usually hold a farewell party fbr someone who is moving away or departing on a long trip.Bachelor party:It is also known as a stag party, or stag do in UK, Ireland, Canada, and New Zealan

30、dit is a party held fbr a bachelor shortly before henounr/thunthe crashing of clouds(often followed by aderstormnounstrike of lightning andheavy rain)the thermometer said itwas already thirty degreesCelsius.Let，s close all of the windows. It looks like a thunderstorm is coming.tornado/cyclonenounumb

31、rellanounUV (ultraviolet) raysnounwind/windynoun/adjectivviolently spinningwindstormThe tornado picked up everything in its path, including animals andcars.held over one，s head andbody for rain protectionthe damaging rays fromthe sunblowing air outsideI always keep an umbrellain my car in case of ra

32、in.Ultra violet rays cancause skin cancer if youdon，t wear sunscreen.Its too windy to play golftoday.ewind chillwhen the wind makes theIt，s minus two, but with thefactorair feel colder than thewind chill factor itsnounactual temperatureminus fifteen.(Page 53 Activity 1)(补充练习，通过练习的形式帮助学生学生学习关于天气的词汇)L

33、ook at the pictures fbr clues and put these weather words into the correct gaps: hot, raining, windy,sun, sunny, blowing, cloud, rain, wind, cloudy,rainy, shining, coldThe weather is great today. Its nice andThe wind is today.It will betomorrow.The strongome from the south.It willtomorrow.The weathe

34、r will be next week.The v I will come from thenorth.The temperature will be very- 5 below freezingIt ishard today.It will -tomorrow.It will probably bewhole day tomorrow.for theI hope it wont betomorrow.Look at that(Page 54 Activity 2)(补充相关背景知识)The State of CaliforniaJames Marshall was camped on the

35、 American River at Coloma, near Sacramento. He and his crew were building a saw mill fbr a fellow named John Sutter. On the morning of January 24, 1848, while making adjustments to the millrace, he found a few small nuggets of gold.Nine days later, the Mexican-American war was over. Mexico gave up t

36、he state of California with the Treaty of Guadalupe and California became a U.S. territory.Sam Brannan, a young newspaper man in San Francisco began to hear rumors of gold at Suttefs Mill and decided to go find out for himself. Indeed, he found the place swarming with prospectors, some quite wealthy

37、. It is said that, being an industrious man, Sam settled at Morman Island on the American River and began to collect the Lords tithesn(10% of their gold) from the miners who passed by.On September 9, 1850,the United States Congress hesitatinglyvoted to admit another free state to the union. It was c

38、alled California.AustraliaAustralia became a commonwealth of the British Empire in 1901. It was able to take advantage of its natural resources to rapidly develop its agricultural and manufacturing industries and to make a major contribution to the British effort in World Wars I and II. Longterm con

39、cerns include pollution, particularly depletion of the ozone layer, and management and conservation of coastal areas, especially the Great Barrier Reef. A referendum to change Australias status, from a commonwealth headed by the British monarch to an independent republic, was defeated in 1999.Locati

40、on:Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and theSouth Pacific OceanGeographic coordinates: 2700 S,13300 EMap references: OceaniaArea:total:7,6869850 sq kmland: 7,617,930 sqkmwater:68,920 sq kmnote: includes Lord Howe Island and Macquarie IslandArea- comparative: slightly smaller than the USLan

41、d boundaries: 0 kmCoastline: 25,760 kmMaritime claims:contiguous zone: 24 nmcontinental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental marginexclusive economic zone: 200 nmterritorial sea: 12 nmClimate: generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in northTerrain: mostly low pl

42、ateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeastElevation extremes:lowest point: Lake Eyre -15 mhighest point: Mount Kosciuszko 2,229 mNatural resources: bauxite, coal, iron ore9 copper, tin, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas, petroleumLand use:arable

43、land:6%permanent crops: 0%permanent pastures: 54%forests and woodland: 19% other:21%(1993 est.)Irrigated land: 21,070 sq km (1993 est.)Natural hazards: cyclones along the coast; severe droughtsEnvironment - current issues: soil erosion from overgrazing, industrial development, urbanization, and poor

44、 farming practices; soil salinity rising due to the use of poor quality water; desertification; clearing fbr agricultural purposes threatens the natural habitat of many unique animal and plant species; the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened

45、 by increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site; limited natural fresh water resourcesEnvironment -international agreements:party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of

46、 the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94,Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol,DesertificationGeography - note: worlds smallest continent but sixth-largest country; population concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts; regular, tropical, invigorating,