新概念英语第三册lesson56笔记.docx

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1、新概念英语第三册Lesson 56 Our neighbour, the riverLesson 56 Our neighbour, the riverListen to the tape then answer the question below.Why had the neighbours left their farm?The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives. Without it we could not make a

2、 living. There is only enough spring water to supply the needs of the houses, so we have to pump from the river for farm use. We tell river all our secrets. We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not rela

3、ted to it.We have special river birthday parties in the summer. Sometimes were go upstream to a favourite backwater, sometimes we have our party at the boathouse, which a predecessor of ours at the farm built in the meadow hard by the deepest pool for swimming and diving. In a heat wave we choose a

4、midnight birthday party and that is the most exciting of all. We welcome the seasons by the riverside, crowning the youngest girl with flowers in the spring, holding a summer festival on Midsummer Eve, giving thanks for the harvest in the autumn, and throwing a holy wreath into the current in the wi

5、nter.After a long period of rain the river may overflow its banks. This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom guest to extremes. We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are effected by flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and

6、 flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners.One had winter we watched the river creep up the lower meadows. All the cattle had been moved into stalls and we stood to lose little. We were, however, worried about our nearest neighbors, whose farm was low lying and who were newcomers to the

7、 district. As the floods had put the telephone out of order, we could not find out how they were managing. From an attic window we could get a sweeping view of the river where their land joined ours, and at the most critical juncture we took turns in watching that point. The first sign of disaster w

8、as a dead sheep floating down. Next came a horse, swimming bravely, but we were afraid that the strength of the current would prevent its landing anywhere before it became exhausted. Suddenly a raft appeared, looking rather like Noahs ark, carrying the whole family, a few hens, the dogs, cat, and bi

9、rd in a cage. We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house, which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged. The men of our family waded down through our flooded meadows with boathooks, in the hope of being a

10、ble to grapple a corner of the raft and pull it out of the current towards our bank. We still think it a miracle that they we able to do so.New words and expressions生词和短语boundary baondri n.界线；边界 bound界限+ ary名词后缀一分界线boundary changes/disputes边界变化/争端The fence marks the boundary between my property and

11、hers.那道篱笆是我和她的住宅之间的分界。pump pAmp v.用泵抽拟声词，模仿泵发出的声音。Its not enough to get rid of raw sewage by pumping it out to sea.将未经处理的污水排入海中了事是不够的。overtake v.突然降临合成词。over超过+ take拿Its dangerous to overtake on a bend.在弯道强行超车是危险的。Our original plan was overtaken by events (= the situation changed very rapidly) and w

12、e had to make a new one.我们原来的计划没赶上变化，只好再订一个新的。backwater n. 回水河汉合成词。back + waterBritain could become a political backwater with no serious influence in the world.英国有变成在世界上没有真正影响力的政治死水之虞。predecessor predasesar n. 前任, 前辈pre前，先+ de强调，向下+cess走+ or名词后缀，表人f 走在前面的人 f前辈，前任The new president reversed many of t

13、he policies of his predecessor.新任总统彻底改变了其前任的许多政策。meadow medoo n, 草土也，草场mead(meter)测量+ ow名词后缀f 收割之地f 草场water meadows (= near a river)岸边的草地crown kraon v. 给戴花环 n.皇冠同源词：cradle, coronaoThe prince was soon to be crowned King of England.王子不久就要被立为英国国王了。holly Jhcdi n.一种冬青植物wreath ri: 0 n. 花环The Queen laid a

14、wreath at the war memorial.女王向阵亡将士纪念碑献了花圈。a holly wreath圣诞冬青花环occurrence aksrens n.偶发事件occur (双写r)发生+ ence名词后缀a common/everyday/frequent/regular occurrence司空见惯的/每天发生的/经常发生的/定期发生的事情proportionpra poJh n. 部分pro在前+ port部分；分开+ ion表名词f按之前的量分开f所占)比例Water covers a large proportion of the earths surface.水覆盖了

15、地球表面的大部分。site sa t v. 使位于sit + eThere was a meeting to discuss the siting of the new school.已开会讨论了新学校的选址。spell spel v.招致，带来The crop failure spelt disaster for many farmers.对许多农民来说，庄稼歉收就意味着灾难。stall n.牲口棚attic aetk n. 顶楼urniture stored in the attic存放在阁楼的家具sweeping adj.范围广大的critical adj.危急的juncture Jda

16、oktarn.时亥U，关头junct结合，连接+ ure表行为f 接合，连接The battle had reached a crucial juncture.战斗已到了关键时刻。raft raeft n. 木筏unduly adv.过度地duly du:li adv.适当地;适时地胎当地;按时地;准时地foundations n. 地基stoutly adv.牢固地，粗壮的stout staot adj.粗壮的;肥胖的;肥壮的;粗壮结实的;厚实牢固的;顽强的;坚毅的; 不屈不挠的n.烈性黑啤酒submerge sobv. 浸没sub下+ merg沉，没+e f沉下去f沉没The fields

17、 had been submerged by floodwater.农田被洪水淹没了。grapple braepl v. 抓住同源词：grab, graspoThey grappled desperately for control of the weapon.他们疯狂扭打，想把武器抢到手。参考译文形成我们农场东部边界的一条河流一直在我们生活中发挥着重要作用。要是没有 这条河，我们就无法生存下去。泉水只能满足家庭生活用水，因此我们必须从河 里抽水以用于农业生产。我们向那条河倾诉我们的秘密。我们本能地懂得，就像 养蜂人和他的蜜蜂那样，要是我们不把生活中的重大的事件告诉那条河，就可能 大祸临头。夏

18、天，我们为这条河举办特殊的生日宴会。有时，我们溯流而上来到我们喜爱的 回水河汉举办；有时在船坞举办。那船坞是农场一位前辈在一块草地上盖的，草 地紧挨着一个专供游泳、跳水的深水池。天气炎热时，我们便选择在半夜举办生 日聚会，这种聚会是最令人激动的。我们在河边迎接一年四季。春天在河边为最 年轻的姑娘戴上花冠，夏天在河边欢庆“仲夏前夜”，秋天在河边丰收而感恩, 冬天往河中抛撒一个冬表花环。久雨这后，河水会泛滥成灾，但是在我们这里，气候很少发生异常，河水极少泛 滥。值得庆幸的是，只有低洼的受到洪水影响，而低洼地在我们农场比例很小。 其他农场地势欠佳，洪水有时会给农场主带来灾难。有一年冬天，天气不好，我

19、们眼看着河水浸没了地势较低的草场。所有的牲口已 提前转移到畜圈里，没有造成什么损失。不过，我们很为我们的近邻担心。他们 的农场地势低洼，而且他们又新来乍到。由于洪水造成了电话中断，我们无法了 解他们情况。从顶楼窗口看去，我们农场与他们农场接壤处的那段河流一览无余。 在最紧急的时刻，我们轮流监视那段河流的险情。灾难的第一迹象是一只死羊顺 流而下，接着一匹活马勇敢地与水搏击。但我们担心，洪水力量将使它上岸之前 就筋疲力尽了。突然，出现了一只筏子，看起来很像诺亚方舟，上面载着他们全 家老小，还有几只母鸡、几只狗，一只猫与一只鸟笼，那里头有一只小鸟。我们 意识到他们一定是被不断上涨的洪水吓坏了。因为他

20、们的房子地基牢固，即使洪 水几乎灭顶也不会倒塌。我家的男人们手拿船篙过被水淹没草场，希望能够钩住 筏子一角，将它拽出激流，拖回岸边。他们终于成功了。至今我们仍认为这是个 奇迹。The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives. Without it we could not make a living.分界线；边界-play a part in扮演的角色。-Without it we could not make a living.没有它

21、我们就无法生存下去。without it 起 非真实条件句的作用，make a living,谋生。译文：位于农场东边分界线的河流在我们的生活中总是扮演着重要的角色。没有 它，我们就无法生活。There is only enough spring water to supply the needs of the house, so we have to pump from the river for farm use. We tell the river all our secrets.-spring water 泉水。.非常；无限地；极大地译文：泉水只足够用于必要的生活用水，所以农田里的用水

22、只能从河流里抽取。 我们会把自己的秘密倾诉给河流听。We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.-instinctivley /n strjk.t vli/ adv.本能地-misfortune / im en.不幸；厄运；不幸事故；灾难-ove rta ke / iou.va le k/ v.突然降临于；意外发生在译文：就像养蜂人知晓

23、他们的蜜蜂，我们也会出于本能地知道，如果我们生命中 的重大事件不与河流有关的话，不幸就要降临在我们的身上。We have special river birthday parties in the summer. Sometimes we go upstream to a favourite backwater, sometimes we have our party at the boathouse, which a predecessor of ours at the farm built in the meadow hard by the deepest pool for swimmin

24、g and diving.-backwater /baek.woLtar/ n.回水，滞水-predecessor / prid iises.er/ n.前任，前辈；原有事物，前身-meadow/mecl.a。/n.（常指有里予花的）草地，牧场-hard by，在近旁。译文：夏天，我们会有特别的河边生日派对。有时，我们的派对会选择举办在上 流的回水处，有时会在船坞里，船坞由一位前辈建造在农场的草地上，就在用来 游泳和潜水的最深的水池边上。In a heat wave we choose a midnight birthday party and that is the most excitin

25、g of all.-in a heat wave,在大热天。译文：在大热天，我们会举办午夜生日派对，那是最激动人心的。We welcome the seasons by the riverside, crowning the youngest girl with flowers in the spring, holding a summer festival on Midsummer Eve, giving thanks for the harvest in the autumn, and throwing a holly wreath into the current in the wint

26、er, -holly wreath 冬青花环。译文：我们在河边迎接各个季节的到来，春天会为最年轻的女孩带上花环，夏至 前夜会举办夏日联欢，秋天会庆获丰收，冬季会往河流里献上冬青花环。After a long period of rain the river may overflow its banks. This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom goes to extremes.-overflow/iao.vefleo/v.（液体）溢出，泛滥-occurrence /a Wans/ n.发生的事;事件；遭遇-go to extreme 走极

27、端。译文：在漫长的雨季后，河水可能会泛滥。但这也很少发生，因为我们这里的极 端气候很少。We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are affected by flooding, but other farms are less favourably sited, and flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners.-favourably /Vevsrsbli/adv,顺利地；有利

28、地；好意地-site /sa t/ v,使坐落于-spell/spel/v,意味着灾难/会招致麻烦（等等）译文：幸运的是，我们农场里只有一小部分低洼的农地会受洪水的影响，但是其 他位置不好的农场，洪水有时就会对农场主带来灾难。One bad winter we watched the river creep up the lower meadows. All the cattle had been moved into stalls and we stood to lose little.-creep /kri:p/v.通常指为避免注意而）缓慢行进，悄悄移动，潜行-cattle /kaet.a

29、l/ n.牛-stall /sto1/ n.（农场建筑中圈养单只牲畜的）隔栏，分隔间-stand to lose,处于损失的境况之中。译文：有一个糟糕的冬季，我们看着低洼的草地被河水慢慢地吞噬。所有的牛都 被赶到了隔栏中，我们没有太大的损失。We were, however, worried about our nearest neighbours, whose farm was low lying and who were newcomers to the district. As the floods had put the telephone out of order, we could

30、 not find out how they were managing.putout of order, 使出故障。译文：然而，我们依旧担心离我们家最近的那些邻居，他们的农场地势较低，而 他们也是新搬入这个地区的。由于洪水导致通讯全断了，我们也无法知道他们应 对得如何。From an attic window we could get a sweeping view of the river where their land joined ours, and at the most critical juncture we took turns in watching that point.

31、-attic/aet.k/ n.阁楼-sweeping /swi：.pu/ adj.影响广泛的，大的-juncture/dsAQk.tr/ n.时刻；关头-take turns轮流，依次。译文：从阁楼的窗户，我们可以看到河流的全景，我们和邻居的土地也在那里交 汇。在最危机的时刻，我们轮流观察着那里的情况。The first sign of disaster was a dead sheep floating down. Next came a horse, swimming bravely, but we were afraid that the strength of the current

32、 would prevent its landing anywhere before it became exhausted.译文：灾难的第一预兆，就是一头死羊漂浮在河面上。接着，又漂来了一匹马, 努力地在河里挣扎着，但恐怕河流的强度无法让它在力气用尽前安全着陆。Suddenly a raft appeared, looking rather like Noahs ark, carrying the whole family, a few hens, the dogs, a cat, and a bird in a cage.-raft/ra:ft/n,筏子;木筏，木排-Noahark,诺亚方

33、舟。这是摘自圣经旧约创世纪中的典故。诺亚是 故事中上帝用洪水消灭人类后的新始祖；诺亚借助一方形大船，与他家属及每种 动物雌雄各一逃脱了洪水之灾。译文：突然，出现了一个木筏，仿佛诺亚方舟，载着所有的家人，几只母鸡， 几条狗，一只猫和一只笼中鸟。We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house, which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost sub

34、merged.-unduly/ahHsu：,li/adv.过度地;不适当地;不正当地-sound/saond/adj.无损伤的;完好的；健康的，健全的-stoutly / staut.li/ adv.不屈不挠地，顽强地-submerge/sabM3dMv.（使）潜入水中，（使）没入水中；浸没译文：我们意识到，他们一定是被洪水吓坏了。他们的房屋，有着良好的地基， 即使几乎被完全淹没，也能依旧坚挺不倒。The men of our family waded down through our flooded meadows with boathooks, in the hope of being a

35、ble to grapple a corner of the raft and pull it out of the current towards our bank. We still think it a miracle that they were able to do so.-wade/wed/v.（在水中）艰难地行进，涉水，踵-boathook/baut.hok/ n.（一端有钩的）撑篙，船竿-grapple/braep.H/v.抓住；格斗;抓斗机;设法解决;搏斗；用抓钩钩住 译文：我家的男人们用带着船竿，腹过被洪水淹没的草地，希望能够钩住木筏, 把木筏拉到我们这边的河岸上。我们至今还认为我们能够成功做到这件事，简直 是个奇迹。