Unit 3 第2课时 Using language（教师版）-【帮课堂】2022-2023学年高一同步讲义（外研版2019必修第三册）.docx

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1、2019外研版必修三Unit 3 The world of science3.2 Using language目标导航重点词汇 和词转1. Significant adj ,重要的，影响深远的一 significance n.重要2. injure vt.受伤一injury受伤，伤口一 injured受伤的3. accuracy n.精确一 accurate adj.精确的4. minority n.少数一 minor adj.小的5. origin n.起源一 original adj.起初的6. mental adj.精 神的，心 理的一 mentally adv.心理上7. specie

2、s n.物种8. stream n. 1、7可, 小 溪9. extraordinary adj.非凡的，出色的10. theory n.学说，理论11. brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的1 2. cure n.药剂，疗法重点词组1. for instance 例如2. passive voice 被动语态3. get injured 受伤4. a minority of 少数5. a majority of 大多数6. natural selection 自然选择7. field research 实地研究8. mental health 心理健康9. cure sb of s

3、th 治愈某人的病1 0. in theory 在理论上eco-friendly electronics in the future. 69 other words, they should produce electronic products which people can recycle 70 ( cheap) and in the country where they were made.61. an 62. us 63. to follow 64. where 65. discovered66. recycling 67. harmful 68. peoples 69. In 70

4、. cheaply阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Japanese branch of the Chinese Literature Readers* Club was established at the China Cultural Center in Tokyo _61 September, 2022.The event had Chinese sci-fi writers Wang Jinkang, Bao Shu, and Qi Yue, alongside Japanese sci-fi writer Taiyo Fujii and Nozo

5、mi Oomori, the Japanese_ 62 (translate) of Liu Cixins The Three- Body Problem, as guest speakers to talk about their sci-fi creations_63 the development trend of sci-fi.Shi Yongjing, cultural counselor (参赞)at the Chinese embassy in Japan, said that both China and Japan have a long history of transla

6、ting each_64 _(other) cultural works”. The club will provide a new platform for Japanese readers_ 65 (learn) about contemporary China, she said.During the event, 66 ran for more than two hours, three Chinese writers shared stories about how they became sci-fi writers. 67 (start) from Chinese writer

7、Lao Shes Cat Country, Japanese guest speakers talked about their _68 (joy) experiences of reading Chinese science fiction. For them, Chinese sci-fi literature _69 (develop) quickly in the last 10 years, and works like The Three- Body Problem have attracted many Japanese readers.In recent years, on a

8、verage, China has _70 (annual) published more than 500 sci-fi novels. In 2023, Chengdu in Southwest Chinas Sichuan province will host the 81 st World Science Fiction Convention.61. in 62. translator 63. and 64. others 65. to learn 66. which67. Starting 68. joyful/enjoyable 69. has developed 70. annu

9、ally重点语法现在完成时的被动语态1. This evening, Ill be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published.2.1 guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.3. In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks

10、to increasing computer power.4. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.5. Nothing like this have been invented yet and Fd say were a long way from an invention like that at the moment!趣;知识精讲现在完成时的被动语态课文原句感知：1. This evening, Ill be talking to Dr Richa

11、rd Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published.2. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.3. In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.4. New inventions like 3D print

12、ers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.5. Nothing like this have been invented yet and Id say were a long way from an invention like that at the moment!考点精讲：现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“ 已经被现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合，即“have/has been done。一、现在完成时态的被动语态的具体构成：1 .

13、现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式：have/has been done。2 .完成时的被动语态的否定式：have/ has not been done。3 .现在完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将have/has提到主语的前面，即Have/Has+主语+ been done。4 .现在完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have/ has been done。*（2019全国卷 I ）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly stu

14、died.由于对全球北极熊种群的研究不足，因此很难确定其数量。* They have been told many times not to make noises. 他们被多次告知不要喧哗。*Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行车修好 了吗？*Who has been invited?谁受到了 邀请？【即学即练】（l）The experimentsuccessfully.这个实验做得很成功。（2）The booksby the students.那些书还没有被学生们借走。（3）the sports meetinguntil next Friday?运动会已经推迟到

15、下周五 了吗？（4）So even the olive wreath.就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了。二、现在完成时态的被动语态的用法：1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently 等副词连用。*The room has already been cleaned.房间已经被清扫干净了。（意为“已不用清扫办公室了”）* The doctor hasn been sent for yet.还没有派人去请医生。（意为“应派人去请医生”）The office has just been clea

16、ned.办公室刚被打扫过。（意为“已不用清扫房间了 ”）*Such a thing has never been heard of before.这样的事以前从未听说过。（意为“现在才听说“）2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since等引导的时间状 语连用，或用于How long.？句型中。*The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已修了 两小时 了。*(全国卷 I )Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been em

17、ployed only since the mid-1980s.追踪北极熊数量的现代方法自从20世纪80年代中期才被采用。*How long has the project been earned out?这项工程已被实施多长时间了？【即学即练】(l)Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where yet.詹姆斯教授将要给我们作西方文化的演讲，但是时间和地点还没有决定。(2)The watchjust.这只手表刚刚被清理和修理过。the letters?信已经寄出去了吗？the

18、machine?这个机器被修了多长时间了？注意：使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题：1 .现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have/has和been,两者缺一不可。2 .现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时 的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。*The house was built last year.这房子是去年建造的。*The house has been built.这房子已经建好了。3 .由finish, buy, star

19、t, begin, post, return, borrow Join, marry, open等非延续性动词构成的现在完成时的被动语 态不能与表示一段时间的状语如for four days, how long等连用，而要改换动词或时态。但这类动词的否定式 可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。例如：*这本书买了多久了？误：How long has this book been bought?正：How long ago was this book bought?*No books have been bought since last week.自上周

20、以来，没有人来买过书。【即学即练】语法填空(1 )The bridge(build) last year.(2)The case(try) recently.(3)Great changes(take) place in my hometown.(4)So far, many villages(visit)答案： was built has been tried have taken have been visitedA.单句填空1. Were confident that the environment(improve)by our further efforts to reduce pol

21、lution.2. It( decide ) that we will get trained in the school gym.3. To my delight, I ( choose ) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.4. Much of the debate so far(focus) on the safety driver-less cars.5. Up to now more and more high-rise buildings(build) in big cities for lack

22、of space.5.1 have to go to work by taxi because my car(repair).7. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who(trap) in the mountains for two days.8. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he(follow).1. In the last few years thousands of films(produce)all over the world.10. Th

23、e construction of the two new railway lines(complete) by now.11. Many new bridges(built) since 2010.12. Our classroom(clean); you neednt clean it now.13. All possible means(try), but nothing can prevent the buildings from being pulled down.14. Many a new measure(put) forward to reduce air pollution

24、so far.15. The construction of the two railway lines(complete) by now.【答案】1. will be improved2. has been decided3. was chosen4. has been focused5. have been built6. is being repaired7. had been trapped8. was being followed9. have been produced10. has been completed11. .have been built12. has been cl

25、eaned13. have been tried14. has been put15. has been completed二、把下列句子改成被动语态1. Have you confirmed tomorrows meeting?2. He has pressed the start button and the washing machine is working.3. An unknown virus has just attacked my computer.4. The company has donated its computers to a local school.5. The

26、 scientists have developed a kind of intelligent robot.【答案】1 .Has tomorrows meeting been confirmed?2 .The start button has been pressed and the washing machine is working.3 My computer has just been attacked by an unknown virus.4 .The companys computers have been donated to a local school.5 A kind o

27、f intelligent robot has been developed by the scientists.88能力提升三、单句语法填空1. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future(belong) to the well-educated.2. (2019 天津卷改编)Amy,as well as her brothers,(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.3. Every possible means(try) t

28、o stop the bad behavior,but they dont work at all.4. Over the past ten years, this town(hit) by earthquakes.5. All the preparations for the task(complete),and we are ready to start.6. -Why does the lake smell terrible?-Because large quantities of water(pollute).7. Linda makes sure the tables(set) be

29、fore the guests arrive.1.1 n the past five years,a great many trees(plant)around my village.9 .-The machine is working again!-Yes,it broke down yesterday,but it(fix).10 . Great changes(take) place in my hometown since2000.【答案】1 .belongs2 .was given3 .has been hit4 .has been tried5 .have been pollute

30、d6 .have been completed7 .have been planted8 .are set9 .has been fixed10 have taken四、用被动语态翻译句子1. .窗户已经好几周没擦了。(clean)2. 到目前为止已经确认了名单。(confirm)3. 我的个人信息还没有更新。(update)4. 在过去的一年里,我受到激励去买了电子书。(inspire)5. 这个应用程序已经用了好几次了。(use)【答案】1 .The windows haven*t been cleaned for weeks.2 .The list has been confirmed

31、so far.3 .My personal information hasnt been updated yet.4 .1n the past year, I have been inspired to buy e-books.5.This app has been used several times.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nowadays, every family produces electronic rubbish( e-rubbish) 61 old TV or computer printer, or an out-of-date

32、 mobile phone we no longer need. But when we throw these everyday things away, not many of 62 (we) know where these objects go. The reporter, Peter Essick, decided 63 (follow) this e-rubbish to several different countries around the world.Later, Essick found a lot of e-rubbish had gone to Ghana, 64

33、he saw mountains of old computers. In the local markets, he 65 (discover) the sellers resell some of the computers, and of course most of them dont work. They recycle the broken computers by melting (融化)the parts inside. These parts have a little metal such as copper or even gold sometimes. However,

34、 this process of 66 (recycle) is dangerous for the workers because it produces a lot of poisonous chemicals.As a result of his journey, Peter Essick thinks it is important to stop exporting e-rubbish. It is 67 (harm) to the environment and it is bad for 68 (people) health. Peter Essick believes factories need to produce more