名校联盟山东省菏泽高一英语必修一《Unit4Earthquakes》学案3.docx

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1、高一、一英语 Unit 4 Earthquakes 导学案N0.3编写人：袁存瑞审核人：张浩2012年10月25日考点诠释定语从句（I）关系代词 that, which, who（m）和 whose考点1关系代词的用法1.定语从句的概述在复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语、句子进行修饰、 限定的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的成分叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词 有两种:关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括that, which, who（宾格 为whom,所有格为whose）等，关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代 词和关系副词有三个作用:引导从句;指代先行词;关系词先行词在从句中充

2、当的成分备注关系代词who人主语、宾语whom, which和that在从句中作 宾语 时，常.可以省略，但介词提前时后面 的关系代词不能省略，也不可以用 that 和 whowhom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语whose + n二 the + n. + of which/whom =of which/whom + the+ n.（先行词指 人时用whom,指物时用which）在定语从句中作成分。如:The people whom you met on the campus yesterday are from England.你昨关 在大园里

3、见到的血些人来自英国。He is reading a book which is written by Lu Xun.彳也正在读 一本鲁迅写的书。2.关系代词的用法（1）关系代词有 who, whom, whose, which, thato 它们的 具体使用情况如下表所不：在定语从句中，使用关系代词时我们应该考虑两点： 一是先行词是“人”还是“物”；二是关系代词在定语 从句中充当什么成分。如：He is a man who/that means what he says.他是一个 说话算话的人。（先行词指人,关系代词who/that引导定 语从句，并在从句中作主语）Is there anyo

4、ne in your class whose father is a teacher?你们班有谁的父亲是老师？（先行词指人,关系 代词whose引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作定语） To be frank, I don t like the movie （which/that） you remendecl to me yesterday.说实话，我不喜欢你昨 天推荐给我的那部影片。（先行词指物，关系代词 which/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可省略）关系代词用that不用which的情况1. 当先行词是 all, much, anything, nothing, little,

5、none 等不定代词时（something, everything, anything作先行词时，关系代词偶尔也可以用which） She told mer everything that she knew.她把她所知道 的一切都告诉了我。2 .先行词既有人又有物时I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚地记得我在那个房间 所见到的人和一些照片。3 .先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时The first place that they visited in Guilin was Ele

6、phant Trunk Hill.在桂林他们 所参观的第一个地方 是象鼻山。4 .先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是 我看过的最好的电影。5 . 先行词为 the last, the only, the very, the same 等或被这些词修饰时 Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.史先生副也唯一认识的外国 人。6 .主句是以who或which开头的,特殊疑问句时 Which is the true story that he to

7、ld us?他给我们讲的哪一个故事是真实的？7 .当先行词在主句中作表语或关系代词在从句中作表 语时Tom isn t the man that he used to be.汤姆不再是 过去的样子了。考点3关系代词用which而不用that的情况1 .先行词that时一Whats that which is under the desk?桌子底下的 那个东西是什么？一Lt，s a football,那是一个足球。2 .关系代词前有介词时This is the room in which he lives.这是他住的房 间。3 .引导非限制性定语从句时Tom came back, which m

8、ade us happy.汤姆回来了， 这使我们很高兴。定语从句的注意事项八1 .关系代词在从句中作主语时，根据先行词的单复数 确定从句谓语动词的单 复数。如：He is the only one of the students who knows French in our class他是我们班里唯一，懂法语的学生。（the only one为先行词）He is one of the students who know French in our class.他是我们班里懂法语 的学生之一。（students为 先行词）2 .关系代词的省略:在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作 动词的宾语或介词的

9、宾语（这时介词不能在关系代词前） 时常可省略。如：The boy （that/who/whom） we saw last night was Li Ming.我们昨晚见到的那 个男孩是李明。3 . the same. . . as 与 the same. . . that 的区另U 一般情况下，the same. . . as指的是与先行词同类的事 物/人，而the same. . . that与先行词指的是同一个事 物/人。如:This is the same pen as I bought yesterday.这和我 昨天买的那支钢笔一样。（同一类）This is the same pen

10、 that I borrowed from Mr. Li. 这就是我从李老师那里借的钢笔。（同一物）1. （2011.山东）The old town has narrow streets and small housesare built close to each other.A. they B where C. what D. that2. （2011 福建）She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students allows them to municate freely with each other.A. whichB.

11、whereG； whatD. who3. （2011 新课标全国卷）The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.A. that B. whichC. which D. what4. （2010 .湖南）I ve bee good friends with several of the students in my school Imet in the English speech contest last year.A. who B. whereC. when D. which5. Do you have a

12、nything to say for yourselves?Yes, there, s one point we must insist on.A. why B. whereC. how D. /6. （2010 全国卷 II） I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else, s fault.A. who B. thatC. asD. what7 . Jack is the most intelligent man I ve ever met.D. thatJack studied in aA. which B. wha

13、t, C. which8 . （2010 全国卷 I）As a child,vill r age school,is named father hisgrandfather.A. which9. （2009 江西） taken down andB. whereC. what D. thatThe house I grew up has beenreplaced by an office.A. in it B. inC. in that D. in rwhich10. （2010 全国卷 II ） Barbara is easy to recognize as she s the only on

14、e of the women who evening dress.A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn11. I have the same magazine you bought just now.A. which B. likeC. that D. as语法精练1. The girls served in the shop were theo.wner s daughters.2. This is a story about a girl name is Liu Hulan.3. This is our classroom, the windo

15、ws of facethe south.4. Here is a book will give a lot of usefulknowledge.5. This is the song we like best.6. I will never forget the day on I first sawhim.7The clock is that tells the time.8. All I told you just now is true.9. They talked about the things and persons they remembered in the school.10

16、. He did not study hard, led to his failure.n,单项填空1. Tom is good at math , so I think he is the student can help you to work out this problem.A. whom B. whoC. which D. what2.This girl is familiar to me； maybe she is the girlI met in the street yesterday.A. whom. B. whichC. as D. what3. I m not sure

17、whether this is the bookmybrother read the day before yesterday.A. whose B. asC. what D. which4. I m sorry that I don films, because this film I have ever A. which B. thatt know much about Americanis the first Americanmet.C. what5. He never reads anything reading.D. as is not. worthA. as B. whose C.

18、 who D. that6. The most important thing we should payattention to is the first thing I have said.A. which； that B. that; whichC. which； which D. that; that7. She spent the whole evening talking about the things and people none of us had ever heard of.A. which B. asC. who D. that8. The lake is calm a

19、nd clear, and one of the things that in the water is the famous tower.A. reflects B. reflectC. is reflected D. are reflected9. （2010 W匕京）Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A. what B. whose C. which D. that10. This is one of the most exciting football games I have ever seen.A. where B. that C. what D. which