03 选择性必修第四册Unit 3基础练习-2023年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版2019).docx

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1、2023年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版2019)选择性必修第四册Unit 3基础知识强化练I .单句语法填空1. The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.2. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 was 30today it is 41 and is expected(increase) to 42

2、by 2050.3. Landing on the moons far side is(extreme) challenging.4. However, greater attention should(place) on longevity.5. We are(commit) to improving services now.6. After a heated discussion, they failed to arrive at a(conclude).7. She had made(remark) progress in her writing skills.8. Ifs vital

3、 that we(carry) out the operation immediately.9. With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge(steal) the ladys purse.II .语法填空1. Here is the house, roof is covered with weeds. I hope you can help to remove them.2. What you said isnt relevant what we are worried about. At the moment, we are dying

4、 to knowhow to deal with the situation.3. On the next street lies a clinic, where there is a doctor who often helps those need.4. It is up you to decide whether we should accept his suggestion the building be rebuiltimmediately.5. T am looking forward hearing from you. In your next letter, please in

5、troduce me howto use the textbook properly.6. If you want to know more information, click here. We are a multimedia platform you can learn tooperate computers*7. Scientists hope to send astronauts to the remote universe one day to have better knowledge of theuniverse.8. We were talking about the loa

6、n Tom entered the room. He said he came an old friend【参考范文】Dear sir or madam,Im writing this letter to call on attention to the community lecture concerning garbage classification. Given that most neighbors fail to classify garbage properly though they really try to, our community will organize this

7、 lecture in an attempt to guide this deed.Garbage classification is of great significance. Firstly, not only can it cope with pollution issue effectively but more space originally occupied by wasteland will be spared. Secondly, we can undeniably make a difference by taking advantage of recyclable ga

8、rbage.To fulfill your obligation to live an eco-life, come and join in the lecture to be given at 3 p. m. next Sunday on the playground of Hongqi Primary School. Only with combined efforts can we make our neighborhood better.Yours,Hongqi Communityjust now on the street.III .语法填空How Netflix Became So

9、 PopularWeve all heard the phrase Netflix and chill”, which means watch Netflix and hang out”. Why not “Amazon Prime and chill? There are many other websites and apps 1. (allow) people to watch TV shows and movies. Similarly to Netflix, many streaming services offer original programs and movies. So

10、what made Netflix have the impact it has 2. society?In the past few years, Netflix 3. (grow) exponentially in popularity, leaving other streaming services and regular television in the dust. Netflix was created in 1997, 4. (original) as a way to send rental DVDs to people. In 2007, Netflix began off

11、ering streaming television shows and movies online. But it wasnt until 2013 that Netflix began offering original programming, enabling viewers to watch 5. whole season of TV all at once.Viewers are satisfied with Netflixs many different options for TV shows. One of the 6. (big) appeals of Netflix wa

12、s 7. it would release all seasons of any old TV shows, something that Amazon Prime wouldnt do. In addition, Netflix releases monthly statements about which series and movies 8. (remove) from the service. But other sites can remove full series without any notice.While other services might have their

13、9. (succeed), Netflix seems likely to continue its reign over the TV world and 10. (become) more popular than regular TV in the next few years. Netflix has discovered what people like to watch and how they like to watch it, and if they keep on this path, television might be a thing of the past.IV .阅

14、读理解AScientists spent the past 10 years studying life in the oceans. This month, they released the results of their work.People often say that there are plenty of fish in the sea. But until recently, not even scientists knew how many creatures lived in the worlds oceans. Ten years ago, a group of sci

15、entists decided to find it out.“We announced that we would try to conduct the first-ever worldwide census of marine life, the projecfs co-founder, Jesse Ausubel, told 777K. It was daring, and people responded. ,9Over the next 10 years, more than 2, 700 scientists from 80 countries worked together to

16、 track, count and study sea species. In a report thismonth, they shared what they learned.Decades of DiscoveryScientists began by exploring the seas. Along the way, they discovered many new species. We found life eveiywhere we looked, “says census scientists Patricia Miloslavich. We have given 1, 20

17、0 new names to science.One name belongs to a type of furry white crab that spends its life at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. The unusual creature lives in a world of total darkness. Another new species, a nine-pound lobster, was found in the Indian Ocean, near Africa. It is surprising that an anim

18、al of that size would remain to be discovered. says AusubeLScientists also did research on land. They read through old records, including scientific papers, books, seafoodrestaurant menus and fishermens journals. Their goal: to find out which sea creatures lived where in the past.Snapshot of the sea

19、After ten years of investigation, scientists found that the oceans are teeming with life. They counted 250, 000 marine species. They have an estimate of how many more species are waiting to be found: a whopping 750, 000. “Most of these will be small, “ says Ausubel, “There wont be any more giant lob

20、sters.The researchers learned which underwater areas have the most species. The seas around Australia and Japan have as many as 33, 000 forms of life. (The average marine area has about 10, 000 species.) These “hot spots” fbr biodiversity need special attention and protection, says Miloslavich.The a

21、ccurate picture of ocean life will help scientists notice changes. Things will be different in 10, 20, 30 years, “ says AusubeL Knowing whats there now will be helpful.The census gives us a better understanding of the challenges facing our oceans. Many of the problems, including overfishing, habitat

22、 destruction and pollution, stem from(起源于)human behaviour.Environmentalists are working to set up protected areas in the sea, much like the parks that conserve 12% of our land. “We need to show concern for the ocean, “says Miloslavich.1. Why did the scientists read through old records, including sci

23、entific papers, books, seafood一restaurant menus and fishermen journals?A. To get more knowledge about the sea creatures out-looking.B. To know the location of the sea creature in the past.C. To find out which place has the most sea species.D. To find out which sea creature was almost popular.2. What

24、 does the underlined word “whopping mean?A. Blurry (模糊的).B. Uncertain.C. Total.D. Enormous.3. Which of the following sayings is Right?A. There are plenty of new species waiting for us to find.B. The seas around Australia and Japan have the least species.C. Scientists wanted to get new food resources

25、 by doing this research.D. These scientists only did research under the sea.BIt may not be quite old enough to be the worlds oldest living organismthat “honor“ goes to the bristlecone pine tree (aged 5, 000 years)一but, at 4, 000 years of age, Leiopathes glaberrima, a deep-water coral species, does s

26、et the record for being the oldest animal living under the sea.Located on the floor of the Pacific Ocean, off Hawaii, the 3 meters tall, (extremely) long-lived “black coral“ could have some valuable clues about past incidents of climate change; specifically, it could better scientists9 understanding

27、 of how oceans draw down carbon dioxide-and of ocean acidification in general. Brendan Roark of Texas University, who led a research expedition in 2006 to study the corals9 climate records, presented his findings at the recent AAAS meeting.How long they can live is anybodys guess, Roark told Science

28、s Erik Stokstad and his colleagues used radiocarbon dating to determine the corals age. What this suggests, he said, is that the harvesting of deep-water coral for jewelry should be completely banned; because the corals grow at such an anemic(贫血的)rate, any level of harvesting would likely wipe out t

29、he remaining specimens一those not yet affected by ocean acidification.Roark believes it could be possible to reconstruct records of subsurface temperature variability and ocean circulation changes, which would provide some insight on climate change incidents and help predict future effects. By compar

30、ison, that ocean quahog clam we mentioned a while backaged 405 yearsseems almost sprightly.4. What is the best title of the passage?A. The worlds oldest living organism.B. Oldest animal under the sea.C. How to protect the corals.D. A great discovery.5. What does the underlined word “clues“ in the se

31、cond paragraph mean?A. Evidence. B. Treasure.C. Worth.D. Usage.6. What is the value of the finding of the Leiopathes glaberrima?A. It shows which is the oldest in the ocean.B. It helps the scientists get more information about the ocean.C. It shows why the weather changes so much.D. It helps the sci

32、entists know how to live longer.7. Why should the harvesting of deep-water coral for jewelry be completely banned?A. Because the jewelry has little value.B. Because the jewelry is hard to harvest.C. Because harvesting for the jewelry does great harm to deep-water coral.D. Because it is very dangerou

33、s.V.七选五Scientists Create Speech from Brain SignalsScientists have found a way to use brain signals to make a computer speak the words a person is trying to say. Some illnesses or injuries can cause people to lose the ability to speak. 1 but they are slow. One method allows a person to type by moving

34、 their eyes from letter to letter to spell out words. The top speed with this method is about 10 words per minute. Normal human speech is about 150 words per minute.Much recent research has focused on a direct connection between someones brain and a computer. 2 . For many BCIs, people have wires att

35、ached to their brains. This allows scientists to track the electrical signals in the brain and connect them to computers.Scientists at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) decided to focus on the muscles people were trying to use when they spoke. 3 , Epilepsy (癫痫)is a condition where u

36、nusual electrical activity in the brain can cause problems with a persons control of their body or senses.There are about 100 muscles used for speaking. The scientists knew roughly what the shape of the mouth would have to be to make each sound. This allowed them to figure out how the brain signals

37、controlled the speaking muscles. With that information they could decode“ the brain signals to find out how the person was moving their mouth. 4 . The scientists were surprised at how close to real speech the computer speech was.5 , the muscles used to make each sound are the same for everyone. That

38、 will make it easier for a system like this to help many people.A. These people could speak normallyB. This is called a Brain Computer Interfoce, (BCI)C. There are some ways for these people to communicateD. The UCSFs scientists worked with a group of five people with epilepsyE. Theres much to learn

39、 before a system like this could be used in everyday lifeF. One important discovery is that though each persons brain signals are differentG. Then the scientists were able to create computer speech sounds based on the position of the speaking musclesVI.应用文写作红旗社区针对本社区居民垃圾分类情况，计划于下周举行一次关于垃圾分类的讲座，请你代表社

40、区写 一封公开信，内容包括：1 .垃圾分类的好处；2 .讲座具体时间和地点；3 .邀请居民参加。注意：1.词数80个左右；2 .开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；3 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇:垃圾分类garbage classificationDear sir or madam,Im writing this letter to call on attention to the community lecture concerning garbage classification.Yours,Hongqi Community参考答案I . 1. The unmanned Ch

41、ange-4 probe (探测器)一the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess-touched(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.2. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 was 30-today it is 41 and is expected to increase(increase) to 42 by 2050.3. Landing on the moons far side is extreme

42、ly(extreme) challenging.4. However, greater attention should be placed(place) on longevity.5. We are committed(commit) to improving services now.6. After a heated discussion, they failed to arrive at a conclusion(conclude).7. She had made remarkable(remark) progress in her writing skills.8. Ifs vita

43、l that we (should) carry(carry) out the operation immediately.9. With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge stealing(steal) the ladys purse.II. 1. Here is the house, whoseroof is covered with weeds. I hope you can help to remove them.2. What you said isnt relevant to what we are worried about

44、. At the moment, we are dying to know how to deal with the situation.3. On the next street lies a clinic, where there is a doctor who often helps those in need.4. It is up to you to decide whether we should accept his suggestion thatthe building be rebuilt immediately.5. I am looking forward to hear

45、ing from you. In your next letter, please introduce to me how to use the textbook properly.6. If you want to know more information, click here. We are a multimedia platform whereyou can learn to operate computers.7. Scientists hope to send astronauts to the remote universe one day to have a better k

46、nowledge of the universe.8. We were talking about the loan whenTom entered the room. He said he came acrossan old friend just now on the street.III.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了 Netflix变得如此受欢迎的原因是它可以发布任何电视剧的 所有季，让观看者一次性看完；它们了解观众喜欢看什么和用什么方式看。1 .【解析】allowing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语websites and apps和a

47、llow之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填allowingo2 .【解析】on。考查固定短语。句意：那么是什么使Netflix对社会产生了影响呢？分析句子可知,it has society是定语从句，修饰the impact, have the impact on”对有影响“，是固定短语，故填on。3 .【解析】has growno考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，由In the past few years判断为现 在完成时，主语Netflix是第三人称单数，故填has growno4 .【解析】originallyo考查副词。此处应用副词修饰后面的介词短语，故填originall

48、y。5 .【解析】a。考查冠词。season是可数名词，结合上下文可知，此处意为“一整季的电视节目”，是泛指，应 用不定冠词,whole是辅音音素开头，故填a。6 .【解析】biggest。考查形容词的最高级。由空格前的定冠词the可知此处应当用形容词的最高级形式。7 .【解析】thato考查表语从句。分析句子可知，此处是表语从句连接词，从句it would release all seasons of any old TV shows的成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that,故填thato8 .【解析】are removed0考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句的谓语动词，主语series and movies和remove之间是被动关系，且是复数，由上文的releases判断此处为一般现在时，故填are removedo 9.【解析】success。考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为have的宾语，“成功”不可数，故填success。10.【解析】to become考查固定短语。此处考查固定短语be likely to do sth. “很有可能做某事，故填to become oIV.A【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了科