04 选择性必修第一册Unit 5综合检测-2023年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版2019).docx

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1、2023年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（人教版2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 5综合能力检测（100分钟 120分）第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcome to our online event Future of Food and AgricultureWhat we eat and how we grow are changing. The need to feed a growing population, solve hunger and obesity,

2、 and avoid trashing the planet is driving the next food and agricultural revolution. New Scientist Lives Future of Food and Agriculture is an online event for everyone who cares whafs on their plates.Hear about the future of food from the worlds leading scientists on the Main Stage. Discover why rob

3、ots and genetics are changing the face of agriculture on the Field Stage. From lab-grown meat to sustainable diets, discover whafs coming to a plate near you on the Fork Stage.World well-known speakers:Neil Stephens: a researcher making lab-grown meatMark Lynas: a senior lecturer focusing on transfo

4、rming crops with gene editingTilly Collins: an entomologist making the case for adding eatable insects to our dietsTim Spector: a microbiome expert overturning everything we know about diets, and a psychologist making food taste better by improving our senses.Booking information:Your ticket will giv

5、e you access to the recording of the talks at this event which originally takes place on 28 October 2021. Access to the recordings will be available until 28 April 2022, when the talks finish. Tickets are only available in advance through Eventbrite. A ticket will cost an individual $ 30. But youll

6、enjoy a 15% discount if you buy more than three tickets at a time.1. Who will lecture on artificial meat?A. Neil Stephens. B. Mark Lynas.C. Tilly Collins.D. Tim Spector.breaks. She wanted to go out to play with her friends. When the school bus dropped Kayla off, she ran into the house happily.“How w

7、as school, Kayla? ” asked her mom. Kaylas mom with a laugh.Kayla slept in the next morning. Saturday was her favorite day of the week. It rains most of the day, so Kayla enjoyed playing video games inside. On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketball of several hours.Then it was Labor

8、 Day, you know, the extra day off that Kayla was so looking forward to. But Kayla was awakened early that morning by her dad. He told Kayla that in honor of Labor Day, the family would be cleaning both inside and outside the house. Kayla couldnt believe it. This was a holiday. A day when she was sup

9、posed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house. As Kayla wiped her eyes she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.“Kayla, your breakfast is ready. We have a lot of work to do today. Lefs get a move on, “ said Kaylas mom. As she sat down at the kitchen table, Ka

10、yla asked her parents.“Are you serious about working today? Isnt Labor Day a holiday? ”“Yes, Kayla. It is, “ replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you appreciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place.” 注意：续写词数应为150左右。At first, Kayla felt disappointed at h

11、er parents9 plan fbr the holiday.But things began to change as she was doing the chores.参考答案第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）A【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项关于食品和农业的未来的在线活动情况，包括演讲者、 活动预订信息和票价等情况。1 .【解析】选 Ao 细节理解题。根据 World well-known speakers 部分中“Neil Stephens: a researcher making lab-grown meat

12、（Neil Stephens: 一名研究人员正在制作实验室培育的肉）可知,Neil Stephens将做关于人造肉 的讲座。故选A。2 .【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知该活动原定于2021年10月28日举行。到2022年4月 28日会谈结束时，活动将持续半年。故选B。3 .【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中最后两句可知，每张票售价30美元。但如果您一次购买三 张以上的票，可以享受八五折的优惠。因此，一次买五张票要付5x30x85%=127.5美元。故选C。B【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过大量的研究数据展示了世界范围内的饥饿现象在近年来呈现出 不断恶化的趋势，仍有很多人

13、面临着饥饿或营养不良的现象。4 .【解析】选 A。推理判断题。文章第三段中“687. 8 million”, almost 10 million，“almost 60 million, “around 812millio屋可推知，本段通过列举大量的数据来呈现世界范围内饥饿现象逐年恶化的事实。故选A。5 .【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段到2020年，会有9300万至1.32亿人挨饿。因此，疫情对世界 范围内的饥饿状况有负面的影响。故选C。6 .【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，让联合国机构感到失望的是，在当前世界，总食物 产量是充足的，可以喂养全世界的人口。然而在这种情况下，

14、仍然有很多人面临着饥饿或者营养不良，而这 往往是由于很多人支付不起。故选D。7 .【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章通过大量的研究数据展示了世界范围内的饥饿现象在近年来呈现出不 断恶化的趋势，仍有很多人面临着饥饿或营养不良的境况。B选项“全世界有6. 9亿人生活在饥饿之中。适 合作为文章的标题。故选B。C【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外，爬山、交际舞和散步也有利于 降低肥胖的风险。相反，骑自行车、做伸展运动和游泳等并不能帮助抵抗肥胖基因风险。8 .【解析】选A。词义猜测题。画线词后面提供了其他几项抵抗肥胖基因风险的运动。可见画线词所在句 的意思是“对于那些不喜欢慢

15、跑的人来说，也不必担心工故可判断loathe是“不喜欢，讨厌”之意。9 .【解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity. These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming. ” 可知，骑自行车不能抵抗肥胖基因 风险。10 .【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句In addition, exercising in water, as happens with s

16、wimming, may increase叩petite”可知水中运动可能会增加食欲。潜水属于水中运动，据此可判断潜水可能使 一个人饭量增加。11 .【解析】选C。标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句、第二段第三句、第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可 知，本文主要讲的是运动是否能够平衡肥胖基因的风险，故C项是最佳答案。D【文章大意】一些公司正在试验农业方面的人工智能高科技工具，这些工具可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱， 同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。12 .【解析】选 Bo 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools th

17、at can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals. “可知，人工智能可以帮助 农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。故选B。13 .【解析】选 Ao 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm.以及第四段第三句The systemwhich is connected to the back of a tractor

18、-is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds.“可知，两个公司的产品的共同点就是，它们都 使用了识别技术，故选A。14 .【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句But we taught it一by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed-and now its an expert in pigweed. ”可知，研发人员给这个机器人成千上万的范的样本来教 它，这个机器人现在在识别宽方面是一个专家。由此可推知,Ben

19、Chostner意在表明该机器人有学习能力。 故选C。15 .【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture.“可知，农业是研究和开发人工智能(AI)的重要行业之 -；然后文章第二至四段介绍了两个公司的人工智能产品是如何帮助农业生产的。由此可知，本文的主旨是 介绍人工智能在农业中的应用。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)【文章大意】本文为记叙文，介绍了一位艺

20、术老师Julia“一百天，一套衣服”的理念及其带来的改变和影响。16 .【解析】选 Co 考查承上启下句。根据空前的“to focus their decision-making energy on more important things” 和空后的“to create awareness of the environmental costs of fast fashion”可知，Julia 的“一百天，一套衣服”挑战 不仅是为了把更多精力放在重要的事情上，还是出于环保这一无私的目的。C项与上下文吻合，为正确选项。17 .【解析】选 Fo 考查细节支撑句。根据空前的impulse purc

21、hases, many of which are thrown away after being worn just once or twice”可知，很多人冲动之下，买来的衣服穿了一两次后就被扔掉,F项为这一行为的后果， 承接上文。18 .【解析】选 Go 考查细节支撑句。空前提到“began as a comment she made to her husband during the summer”, G项“进一步思考后，她决定这将是展现她环保生活方式的方法“承接上文，且与空后的“Moreover, it would serve as a great lesson for her new

22、 students”吻合，为正确选项。19 .【解析】选 B。考查细节支撑句。根据空后的It has also inspired some of her colleagues and her husband to take up the challenge”可知，此处在讲Julia的挑战的影响，故B项符合语境，下文中的also和experiment也是 提示。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在快餐店点餐，陌生女人Marcella为其付账，作者被她感动，想 要将这份善意和爱心继续传递下去的故事。21 .【

23、解析】选C。根据后文“order a hamburger”可知，因为要点一个汉堡，所以此处需用动词stop,表示 停留。故选C。22【解析】选B。根据后文“She asked the woman behind her in line可知，此处表示人们在点餐时，排起了队。故选B。23 .【解析】选A。根据后文“She continued to pay for both of our meals.可知,Marcella正在收银台付款。故选Ao24 .【解析】选B。根据空后“because she said, “I got you. ”可知，因为Marcella要给作者和另一个女人付款, 所以作者她

24、们看起来很困惑。故选B。25 .【解析】选 C。根据后文. requested me to do an act of kindness for a stranger when I could.”可矢口，作者 和另外一个女人和Marcella互不相识，所以此处指我们是陌生人。故选C。26 .【解析】选 A。HU she shared that someone once did something similar for her.“可知，曾经有 人给Marcella付账单，由此可知，此处需用动词required,表示那个陌生人的要求。故选A。27 .【解析】选D。根据前文“The personth

25、at she pay it forward someday.可知，此处指的是Marcella对那个陌生人的承诺。故选D。28 .【解析】选B。根据后文“Marcella didnt need to pay for my lunch.”可知I,作者在思考着Marcella的善 意。故选B。29 .【解析】选 D。根据后文“Not because I got to keep my $ 15, but because she was kind with no ofreceiving anything in return.”可知,Marcella的行为让作者一天都感到快乐。故选D。30 .【解析】选B

26、。根据前文Marcella给作者付饭钱可知，她的这种善意是不期望得到任何回报的。故选B。31 .【解析】选A。根据后文“Marcella allowed me to take her pictures.可知，作者拍下了 Marcella的照片, 可以分享她的故事，这对作者来说是幸运的。故选A。32 .【解析】选C。根据前文Marcella给作者付饭钱可知，Marcella的行为是暖心的。故选C。33 .【解析】选D。因为作者受到Marcella行为的感动，他也会给别人的生活带来改变,make a difference起 作用，有影响，固定搭配。故选D。34 .【解析】选 B。根据后文“Beca

27、use thats what being human is all about一being kind一even to a stranger.nJ 知，这种影响将会是永久的，一直会继续下去。故选B。35 .【解析】选 C。根据后文“in the most unexpected places, even a fast-food restaurant”和作者在快餐店的经 历可知，善良和爱意会出现在最意想不到的地方。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）【文章大意】前校长斯图尔特佩奇先生将于下周退休，这所学校的新老学生将送给他一份礼物来纪念这一 时刻。所有人在一个相册中签名并把它送到

28、校长的家里，感谢他给予我们鼓励。36 .【解析】informing。考查非谓语动词。逗号后面应该用非谓语动词，inform与前面的letter构成逻辑上 的主谓关系，因此用动词ing形式。37 .【解析】who。考查关系代词。先行词是those,定语从句引导词用who。38 .【解析】be sent。考查被动语态。album与send是被动关系，故填be sent。39 .【解析】patience。考查名词。形容词性物主代词后面应该用名词。故填patience。40 .【解析】unwillinglyo考查副词。根据语境“当我们不愿意去上学的时候，老校长鼓励我们”，因此 应该是willingly

29、的反义词。故填unwillinglyo41 .【解析】It。考查代词。It作形式主语，后面的that引导主语从句。42 .【解析】for。考查介词。空格后面a total of forty years是一段时间，因此答案用for。43 .【解析】gardening。考查非谓语动词。devote oneself to是固定结构，to是介词，后面应该用动词-ing 形式。44 .【解析】entirely。考查副词。修饰形容词new,应该用副词形式，“全新的爱好工故填entirely。45 .【解析】to learn。考查非谓语动词。never too old to learn学无止境。第三部分写作

30、（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）【参考范文】The First Online Life Skills ShowWith the theme of Work Creates A Better Life, the first online life skills show was held in oui school last Friday, which turned out to be a great success.The online show was broadcast live through the school website. Contestants were requi

31、red to display their liffe skills of cooking and first aid. These skills are of great use in our daily lifb. Directly fbllowing participants performances, we audience voted and the one making Zongzi was rated the best.Everyone thinks highly of this activity. Through this activity, not only can we de

32、monstrate our life skills, but also we can appreciate the life from a new angle.第二节（满分25分）【参考范文】At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parents9 plan for the holiday. How eagerly she wanted to go out to play with her friends! She was against the annoying plan from the bottom of her heart, but she h

33、ad no choice. First, Kayla was arranged to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, she was asked to give their puppy a bath. She knew it was a hard task, which needed a lot of tiring, careful and patient work. She has begun the work with great unwillingness.But things began to change as she was doing

34、 the chores. Brushing the puppy, she found it was a lot of fun with so many soap bubbles. Then it was on to yard work where Kayla helped to pick up sticks. She pretended the small sticks were basketballs, and shot them into a large trash can. So the work was done with great pleasure. Kayla felt prou

35、d to see how much better the yard looked. When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house. The lemonade tasted wonderful after a hard day of work.2. What can be known about the event?A. It is intended for farmers.B. It will last for half a year.C. It will be hosted

36、on four stages.D. It is accessible online and offline.3. How much should one pay for five tickets at a time?A. $105.B. $112. 5.C. $127. 5.D. $150.BA United Nations report released Monday said that almost 690 million people-1 in 9 of the worlds population-suffered from hunger last year, a major downw

37、ard change of previous estimates.However, the UN agencies that produced the report一UNICEF, the World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and the World Food Programme (WFP)-warned that numbers remained on a worrying upward trend.There were 687. 8 million undernouri

38、shed(营养不良的)people in 2019, up almost 10 million from 2018, and up almost 60 million from 2014, according to the State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI) report, which is issued annually. Last years edition gave an extremely higher world hunger estimate of around 812 million fbr 2018.

39、 Generally, there has been no change in the trend . after steadily decreasing for decades, chronic hunger slowly began to rise in 2014 and continues to do so, “ they added.The SOFI report said an additional 93 million to 132 million people could go hungry in 2020 as a result of the economic decline

40、caused by COVID-19. The pandemic has disturbed food supply distribution, “making it even more difficult fbr the poorer population to have access to healthy diets, “ it said.On current trends, world hunger numbers were expected to rise to 841.4 million in 2030, indicating that a “Zero Hunger“ UN deve

41、lopment target set for that year is very much in danger. The agencies said a key obstacle, “ to handling hunger was the relatively high cost of healthy and nutritious diets. It is unacceptable that, in a world that produces enough food to feed its entire population, more than 1. 5 billion people can

42、not afford a diet that meets the required levels of essential nutrients and over 3 billion people cannot even afford the cheapest healthy diet, they felt disappointed.4. How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed?A. By presenting figures.B. By giving examples.C. By stating an argument.D. By describing a su

43、rvey.5. Which of the following statements about the SOFI report is true?A. The SOFT report is produced every other year.B. A total of 93 million to 132 million people could suffer from hunger in 2020.C. COVID-19 has a negative effect on the hunger problem worldwide.D. Poor people have no access to h

44、ealthy diets due to the pandemic.6. Why did the UN agencies feel disappointed?A. World hunger numbers are still rising continuously.B. The “Zero Hungef9 target set fbr 2030 is hard to achieve.C. There is no enough food to feed the whole world.D. The relatively high cost of healthy and nutritious die

45、ts leads many people to be in hunger.7. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. The report produced by UN agencies.B. 690 million people worldwide living in hunger.C. The worldwide hunger caused by COVID-19.D. The approach to handling worldwide hunger.CIn a new study, researchers an

46、alyzed information from more than 18, 000 people who provided blood samples. Participants reported whether they exercised regularly, and if so, what type of exercises they typically did. The researchers then scanned participants, blood, looking for genes（基因）that are tied to an increased risk of obes

47、ity（肥 胖）.Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed to balance this risk.Overall, people who reported doing any type of regular exercises tended to have a lower BMI（体重指数）than those who didnt. This was true even among people who were genetically easy to become overweight. But one

48、 exercise stood out as the one with the strongest anti-obesity effect: jogging. Participants with obesity genes who jogged tended to have a lower BMI than people with similar genetic risk who did not jog.But for those who loathejogging, fear not: Five other types of exercises were also tied to a lower BMI among individuals at risk for obesity. These included mountain climbing, ballroom dancing and walking. The benefits of these exercises were the biggest among those with the greatest genetic risk of obesity.Interestingly, several other types of