新概念英语第三册第37课笔记.docx

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1、新概念三Lesson 37笔记一、单词讲解 New words and expressions1 .express n.快车；a.高速的 adj. going or sent quicklyexpress train高速列车express coach长途汽车express service 快车express post快件express mail快件express delivery 快递express company 快递公司express way高速公路express lane 快车道，高速公路bullet train高速列车stopping/local train 慢车special exp

2、ress 特快through express 直快scud missile飞毛腿导弹2 . Punctual a.准时的（= neither early nor late ）Be punctual in doing sth 在做。o。事方面相当准时-In the modern society, we must be punctual in what we are doing .Be punctual to the minute 非常的准时-He is a man who is punctual to the minute.副词：Punctually反义词：Unpunctual名词：Punctu

3、ality3 .condition v.1）（专业或贬义）训练，使有反应condition to do sth 习惯做某事eg. The animals are conditioned to expect food at the sound of the bell. 动物被训练得习惯一听到铃声就想吃食物。Be conditioned to eg. People are conditioned by the society they live in.人们都习惯于适应所生活的社会空间。-Each one of us has been conditioned to society.-the plan

4、ts have been conditioned to the cold weather here. （ plant 做主语）-The cold weather has conditioned the plants here, （cold weather 做主语）2） to control or decide 决定，取决eg. The amount of money I spend is conditioned by the amount I earn,我花多少金戋要看我收 入多少而定。3）使习惯于（=Form a habit in）-Society has conditioned each

5、one of us. 这个社会已经使我们大家都适应了。n.情况，状态，条件in good /bad condition 情况良好（不好）in awful conditioneg. The old car is still in good condition.in condition健康状况好因为即便是特别快车也可能被信号拦住。语言点:句子结构分析:can be held up by signals是典型的被动语态的用法。Hold up = hold back / hinder / prevent 妨碍，阻碍But when the train dawdled at station after

6、station, I began to wonder.但是，当火车一站接着一站往前蠕动时，我便产生了怀疑。语言点l:dawdle 一词在此的用法是夸张修辞格。dawdle v.to take a long time to do sth or go somewhere dawdle over慢吞吞地/磨洋工/怠工eg. He dawdled over his coffee one cup after another.idle v.无所事事to spend time doing nothingeg. The boy who was put out of school idled all day.b

7、urn day light浪费大好时光语言点2:station after station的意思是“一站又一站”。语言点 3I began to wonder.wonder v./n.纳闷,想知道wonder who/wonder what/wonder how/wonder if/wonder whether eg. I really wonder how he pulls it off to date two girls at the some time, n.(if s) no wonder/small wonder/little wonder 难怪eg. No wonder you5

8、ve got a toothache! You can, t help eating so much chocolate, n.do wonders/work wonders 仓U造奇迹eg. Teachers invariably do wonders for students and what they have said can rarely go wrong! seven wonders世界七大奇观It suddenly dawned on me that this express was not roaring down the line at ninety miles an hou

9、r, but barely chugging along at thirty.我突然感到这趟快车并没以时速90英里的速度呼啸前进，而是吓哧吓哧地向前爬行， 时速仅30英里。语言点:句子结构分析:it指代火车开得慢的事实。Notbut的意思是“不是而是”。 It suddenly dawned on me that- -dawn on = become gradually known by sb渐渐的被某人所明白eg. It dawned on the villager that there was somebody else on the farm, clickit clicks with s

10、b恍然大悟,一下子明白过来了。eg. It clicks with villagers that the ghost is none other than their third brother. n.黎明at dawn/at day breaktwilight (诗歌)黎明,黄昏1but barely chugging along at thirtyBarely = only chug嘎嘎声 a car, train etc. chugs, it moves slowly making a repeated low soundeg. The boat chugged out of the h

11、arbor at dawn, click v.滴答作响eg. The wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep, tick v.滴答作响eg. The grandfather clock ticked clearly in the late night.深夜落地钟清澈地响着滴答声。creak v .吱扭吱扭，咯吱咯吱eg. The door creaked open and a boy slipped in.chuckle v.咯咯笑个不停cluck v./n. the sound made by a henOne hour an

12、d seventeen minutes passed and we had not even covered half the distance. 1 /J 时分过去了，走了还不到一半路程。语言点:句子结构分析:passed and（时间过去多久之后发生了）是个强调时间的用法。I asked a passenger if this was the Westhaven Express, but he had not even heard of it.我问一位乘客，这是不是开往威斯特海温的那趟快车，他说从未听说过有这么一趟快 车。语言点:句子结构分析:if引导宾语从句，交代asked的内容。Hea

13、r of = hear aboutI determined to lodge a complaint as soon as we arrived.我决定到目的地就给铁路部门提意见。语言点1:句子结构分析:as soon as引导时间状语从句。语言点2:lodge a complaint的意思是“提意见，投诉”。Two hours later, I was talking angrily to the station-master at Westhaven.两小时后，我气呼呼地同威斯特海温站站长说起此事。语言点:talk to sb.的意思是“和某人谈论”。When he denied the

14、train1 s existence, I borrowed his copy of the time-table.他说根本没有这趟车。于是我借他本人的列车时刻表。语言点1:句子结构分析:when引导时间状语从句，交代前后两个动作的顺序。语言点2:copy的意思是“副本，复印件”。Denied the train, s existence 否认存在There was a note of triumph in my voice when I told him that it was there in black and white. 我带着一种胜利者的调子告诉他那趟车白纸黑字。明明白白印在时刻表

15、上。语言点1:句子结构分析:that弓|导的宾语从句说明told的内容，是直接宾语，him是间 接宾语。There was a note of triumph in my voiceA note of = a tone:在我的声音里面存在着一种胜利的口吻。there was a note of（triumph）一种胜利的口吻（语气）说话a note of humor以幽默的口吻说a note of sadness以难过的口气说道a note of scorn略带嘲讽的语气strike a note of表现出，提出警告等eg. The book A farewell To Arms strik

16、es a note of hatred towards war.在永别了武器这本书表现出对战争的憎恨。I told him that it was there in black and white-in black and white白纸黑字，明明白白in the black盈利in the red出现赤字eg. The company is running badly and now is in the red.in the pink ： in the good healtheg. I feel in the pink after keeping doing morning exercise

17、 for years.black and blue 青一块紫一块Glancing at it briefly, he told me to look again.他迅速地扫视了一眼，让我再看一遍。语言点:句子结构分析:glancing at it briefly为现在分词短语，作时间状语。A tiny asterisk conducted me to a footnote at the bottom of the page.一个小小的星形符号把我的目光引到了那页底部一个说明上。语言点:句子结构分析:conduct sb.t。的意思是“指引某人(做某事)”。It said: This servi

18、ce has been suspended.1上面写着：“此趟列车暂停运行。”语言点:句子结构分析:it said不可译为“它说”，而是“上面写道”。Conduct me to = lead me toSuspend = delay 暂停四、idioms1. a rough diamond/a diamond in the rough 夕卜粗内秀的人2. Diamond cut diamond.棋逢对手五.Multiple choice questions 多项选择Comprehension 理解1 - B by rail = by train2 - C at the speed of 以的速

19、度 express train特快列车3A complain about; complain of 抱怨注意句子：The train scheduled as an express train having in fact been a slow one.Scheduled as an express train 修辞 the train,做它的后置定语。Having in fact been a slow one 与 train 构成独立主格结构。句型结构题和词汇题是每课的关键Structure 结构4 - B expect 的用法：expect sth/sb to do5C注意：might

20、在railway services之前，是明显的倒装表示。需采用倒装形式的几种情况：A) only所引导的状语从句用在句首，句子必须倒装。B) if条件句，如果if省略，were要前置。-Were it to snow = If it were to snow.这是虚拟语气条件句的用法。6- A in a mere hour and seventeen minutes 在 1 小时 17 分钟内7D因为still,所以答案为d.如果选择 a) before we had，则应去掉 still to.即：before we had covered half the distance.8 - C十

21、分有礼貌的表达方式，且与asked形式呼应。Vocabulary 词，匚9 - D held up = delay halt 停止 retard 防止 slow up 减慢10 D as soon as I arrived = immediately on arrival11. B注意：主句中I做主语a选项，则noting与主句中的主语I不相符合。b选项，sounding是现在分词做状语说明修辞I的情况12 - A take another look再看一眼review 复习overlook忽视，宽恕，检查，监督六、Supplementary exercise1. He reached the

22、 station exhausted, only that the train had just left.A.to have learnt B. to learn C. learnD. to have been learning分析：B.不定式常用做目的状语，但。nly tod。常做结果状语，表示意外的结果。out of condition健康状况不好on condition that在条件下如果on no condition在任何情况下都不（用在句首句子必须采用倒装）-On no condition must you be late.在任何情况下都不能迟到。on no condition/

23、in no state 决不可eg. On no condition can a train be late.change one1 s condition 结女昏in the interesting condition 不孕=pregnantadapt v .渐渐适应adapt toeg. It is hard for a person who lives in northern countries to adopt to octopus.对于一个生活在北部国家的人来说是很难适应章鱼的味道。adapt for改编，改作（他用）eg. The original has been adapted

24、 for a soap opera.原著被改编成了一部肥皂剧。eg. An old house was adapted for a garage.一间旧房子被改成了车库。adjust v.调整，校准，以适应to make small changes especially to its position to make it more effectiveeg. My eyes haven1 t adjusted to the dark yet.eg. The desks and seats must be adjusted to the height of any child.桌椅必须调整以适应

25、孩子们得高度。settle in/settle into适应，融入新环境to become used to a new home, job, surroundings eg. It took me 3 weeks to settle into life at college, learn to do sth学会了，明白了，渐渐适应to gradually understand a situation and start behaving in the way that people expect you to behaveeg. He learnt to depend on himself a

26、fter his parents left him.4 . faith n.信任二strong belief/trust深信不疑，信仰，信心 keep faith with sb对某人守信用put one? s faith in sth 对有信心, on the faith of 在保证下，凭信用 词汇比较：faith深信不疑，信仰（比belief程度更重一些）belief可信赖，可接受conviction坚定的信念trust相信，依赖 credit 完全相信 -I have full credit in your ability to do this job.5 .cancel v.取消to

27、 stop sth. planned from happening-we have to cancel the appointment.词汇比较：Call off 取消，解除（可以替换cancel）Abolish 废除-The law was abolished.Rescind撤销，废止，比abolish正式Write off注销，勾销-Write off the name. 注销这个名字。Cross out 划掉 -The word here is useless, please cross it out.cancel an appointmentcancel a meeting=call

28、offcall off a football matchabolish v.废除to officially end a law, system especially one that has existed for a long timeabolish racial segregation 废除种族隔离deprive sb of sth剥夺，取消，丧失eg. The criminal was deprived of his political rights.eg. The kid was deprived of parents in a train accident.6 .dislocate

29、v.1) to spoil a plan, system, service etc., so that it cannot work normallydislocate a plan 打舌L计划dislocate a systemdislocate serviceput a plan out of order 打舌L个计划dislocate business破坏生意dislocate machinery2)to put a bone out of place 使关节脱臼eg. He fell from his horse and dislocated his collar bone.他从马上跌

30、下而使锁骨脱臼了。7 .consult 见1) to ask sb. for information or advice as a professional who is supposed to know about it 请 教，征求意consult his doctor 找医生诊治consult a dictionary 查字典consult a map 查地图2) to ask for someone, s permission or to discuss sth. with someone so that you can make a decision togetherconsult

31、with和商议eg. T II consult with my parent5 s before I make a decision.8 .direct adv.直接，径直without stopping or changing direction or without dealing with anyone else firstfly direct to Chicago 直飞芝加哥contact the manager direct 直接与经理联系eg. If s usually cheaper to buy the goods direct from the wholesaler.dire

32、ctly笔直地，直率地，直截了当地speak directlyask directlyanswer directlyeg. She seems to have something on her mind, but wouldn t speak directly.high adv. fly highhighly adv. speak highly of sb对某人评价特别的高deep adv. dig deep into the earthdeeply adv. move sb deeply深深地震撼或打动了某人9 . reflect vt 细想，深思熟虑二consider carefullyR

33、eflect on sth -He s reflecting on his idea.Reflect upon oneself 反省 -Sometimes we need reflect upon ourselves.第二种意思:反射-She looks at herself reflected in the water.8 .advantage n.优势，长处take advantage of sth 利用某事-We must take advantage of what we can use.eg. I took advantage of the good weather to paint

34、 the house.我利用了好天气把房屋粉刷了。take advantage of sb欺骗某人并利用，作弄eg. Don t try to take advantage of me, I see what you are up to.have an advantage over优于，胜过，比优秀eg. In terms of working experience, I have an advantage over him.give an advantage over （使某人）在方面比较有利eg. His university education gave him an advantage

35、 over those who had never been to college. 大学教育使他较之那些没有上过大学的人有着种种优势。turn sth to advantage使发挥作用，充分利用eg. In seeking a good job, we should turn English to advantage.在找一份好工作的过程中，我们要充分发挥英语的优季Of great/no advantage to sb/sth 对。大有益处/毫无益处-Smoking is of no advantage to you.To advantage更有效地-You should use the

36、money to advantage.To one5 s advantage =to the advantage of sb对某人有利词汇比较：Interest个人的利益，好处-It1 s to your interest to give up smokingBenefit通过正当手段谋求的好处-Doing exercises will benefit us a lot.Profit金钱上的获利Good个人或集体的利益9 .mighty adj.very strong and powerful强大的民族 超级大国自局自大the Mighty King Kang Xi 康熙大帝mighty na

37、tion super power high and mighty eg. People invariably hold those who are high and mighty in despise.hold sth in despise 蔑视非常eg. T m mighty fine and dandy.eg. Might is right.胜者为王,败者为寇10.lodge v. to make a formal or official complaint, protest 正式提出投诉，抗议，上诉 officially ,比 make 更正式Make/lodge complaint 提

38、出抱怨lodge a complaint 提出投诉lodge a protest 提出抗议lodge an appeal 提出上诉lodge - against sth with sb 就向一提出eg. Some parents lodged a complaint with the headmaster against one of the teachers.家长们就一位教师向校长提出投诉。eg. The criminal lodged an appeal against the sentence.罪犯不服判决而提出上诉。charge v.charge sb with sth指控犯有罪eg.

39、 He was charged with forgery and theft.他被指控犯有伪造和偷窃罪。charge sb + money for sth 对收费eg. I was charged $20 for a hairdo!accuse sb of sth指责另ij人犯有,错或罪eg. They accused the police of brutality.他们指责警察乱施暴行。eg. Dimitri immediately went to Aiko s house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb, complain of s

40、th to sb抱怨指责别人作了什么eg. Several people complained of *cat-like noises at night.eg. She complained to me of her husband5 s indifference.她向我抱怨她的丈夫的冷漠。indict v.起诉，控诉，以罪被起诉indict sb for sth以罪名起诉某人eg. He was indicted for fraud,他被起诉犯有诈骗罪。sue v.控诉，起诉，提出索赔eg. He sued the other driver in the crash for $3000 da

41、mages.他向车祸中的肇事司机提出3000英镑的赔款。lodge n.乡下的茅屋和茅舍hut n.小屋a wooden hut 小木屋cabin n.森林或山中的小木屋shed n.小木屋shanty n.简陋房屋shack n.简陋房屋shanty and shack project 平房改造工程12.triumph n.an important victory or success especially after a different strugglea triumph of design 伟大的设计a brave man s triumph over adversity一位勇敢战胜

42、不幸的伟大胜利victory ：the success you achieve by winning a battle, game or racewin a victory取得比赛胜利sweep to victory 所向披靡success:sth as a good result or effect, the gaining of what is aimed atmake a success of sth把一件事情做成功11.asterisk n. a mark like a starastro-星，太空（相关）astronaut宇航员astronomer天文学家/star gazer （比

43、较诙谐一点的说法）二、课文讲解We have learnt to expect that trains will be punctual.topic sentence我们已经习惯于相信火车总是准点的。语言点:句子结构分析:that弓|导宾语从句，说明expect的内容。这是文章中的第一句话，大家一定要牢记它，并掌握这个句子的主干：have learnt to expect that 已经习惯于期待-We have learnt to expect that all friends will be helpful in need of danger.-We have learnt to expe

44、ct that parents are quite able, after years of pre-conditioning all of us have developed such unshakable faith. 我们已经习惯于期待父母总是能干的，经过 多年的适应，我们每个人都已经养成了这样一个不可动摇的信念。After years of conditioning, most of us have developed an unshakable faith in railway timetables.经过多年的适应，大多数人对火车时刻表产生了一种不可动摇的信念。语言点1:句子结构分析

45、:after years of conditioning放在句首，强调时间之长。介词of后 接动名词形式，意为：经过多年的适应.语言点2:condition表示“使习惯于”，我们常使用短语be conditioned to（习惯）语言点3:develop an unshakable faith in对产生不可动摇的信心-Most of us have developed an unshakable faith in our teachers.put one1 s faith in 相信， 信任/have one s faith ineg. My parents put good faith i

46、n me, and on no condition can I let them down.lose faith in/destroy faith in/take away faith in对不再信任，失去信任eg. The public has quite lost faith in the government after it failed to keep its promise of tax reduction.在政府没能履行减税的诺言之后，公众对其日益丧失了信心。developeg. James has developed into a charming young man.eg.

47、Exercises will develop your muscles.develop interest in sth对慢慢培养出了兴趣develop a cold 患了感冒develop a cough 得了咳嗽develop cancer得了癌症develop films 冲胶卷1most of us have developed an unshakable faith in railway timetables.timetable时刻表table: a list of numbers arranged in rows acrossperiodic table元素周期表chart n.图表bar chart条形图pie chart圆盘图weather chart 天气图sales char