天津医科大学全英药理学实验教学大纲.docx

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1、THE OUTLINE OF PHARMACOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTSDepartment of Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University2005.03PrefacePractical course of pharmacology is very important for students, because it affords students not only the basic pharmacological theories, but also the chances to learn about some basic techn

2、iques and methods of pharmacological research. This course includes both experiments carried out on isolated tissues or organs and experiments using whole animals. The experiments are of great importance for students.Experiment 1. Determination of Pharmacokinetic Parameters in One-Compartment ModelI

3、 Purpose:To comprehend the significance of the pharmacokinetic parameters in one-compartment model and to learn the determination and calculation of the parametersII Contents:A. Reviewing the concepts and significance of pharmacokinetic parametersB. Introduction of methods of determination and calcu

4、lation of pharmacokineticparameters in one-compartment modelC. Practice of some examples in classIII Time3.5 hours for teaching3.6 hour for practice0.5 hour for discussionExperiment 2. One-Compartment Open ModelI Purpose:To comprehend the significance of the pharmacokinetic parameters in onc-compart

5、mcnt model and to practise the determination and calculation of the parametersII Contents:A. Introduction of the principle and method of the experimentB. Establishing the one-compartment model with the given instruments and the drugs including sodium salicylate, ferric chloride and chloroformC. Calc

6、ulation of the pharmacokinetic parameters in one-compartment model based on the determined dataD. DiscussionIII Time:0.5 hour for teaching2.0 hours for manipulation0.5 hour for calculation and discussionExperiment 3. Two-Compartment Open ModelI Purpose:To comprehend the significance of the pharmacok

7、inetic parameters in two-compartment model and to practise the determination and calculation of the parametersII Contents:A. Introduction of the principle and method of the experimentB. Establishing the two-compartment model with the given instruments and the drugs including salicylate acid-alcohol

8、solution, ferric chloride and chloroformC. Calculation of the pharmacokinetic parameters in two-compartment model based on the determined dataD. DiscussionIII Time:0.5 hour for teaching2.0 hours for manipulation0.5 hour for calculation and discussionExperiment 4. Determination of ED50 of Sodium Pent

9、obarbitalI Purpose:To comprehend the significance of ED50, to learn the method to determine ED50 and to calculate the ED50 of sodium pentobarbitalIIA.B.C.D.IllContents:Introduction of the principle and methods to determine ED50 Manipulation with the Improved-Karbers methodCalculation of the ED50 of

10、sodium pentobarbitalDiscussionTime:0.5 hour for teaching2.0 hours for manipulation0.5 hour for calculation and discussionExperiment 5. Different Effects of Drugs by Different Routes of Administration and Different Dosage FormsI Purpose:To observe the effects of magnesium sulfate on mice by different

11、 routes of administration and the effects of strychnine on frogs by different dosage forms II Contents:A. Introduction of different routes of administration and different dosage forms of drugB. Administration of magnesium sulfate intraperitoneally and orally to different mice and administration of s

12、trychnine in water solution and colloid solution to different frogsC. Observation and recording the resultsD. DiscussionIII Time:1.5 hours for teaching1.0 hour for manipulation and observation0.5 hour for discussionExperiment 6. Video and Discussion of the Drugs Affecting the Autonomic Nervous Syste

13、mI Purpose:To master the effects of cholinergic, anti-cholinergic, adrenergic and anti-adrenergic drugs on the blood pressure and heart rateII Contents:A. Teaching video about the drugs affecting the autonomic nervous systemB. Analysis and discussion of the effects of cholinergic, anti-cholinergic,

14、adrenergic and anti-adrenergic drugs on the blood pressure and heart rate according to the given figuresIII Time:1.0 hour for teaching video2.0 hours for analysis and discussionExperiment 7. Effects of Drugs Affecting the Sympathetic Nervous System on Blood Pressure in RabbitsI Purpose:To learn the

15、method to record the acute blood pressure in the anesthetized animal and to observe the effects of adrenoceptor agonists and adrenoceptor antagonists on the blood pressure in rabbits II Contents:A.B.C.D.ManipulationIntroduction of the method to record blood pressure in the anesthetized rabbitsAdmini

16、stration and observationDiscussionIII Time:0.5 hour for teaching1.5 hours for manipulation0.5 hour for administration and observation0.5 hour for discussionExperiment 8. Intoxication and Detoxication of OrganophosphateI Purpose:To observe the symptoms of organophosphate poisoning and to observe the

17、effects of atropine and pyraloxime methoiodide (PAM) on the detoxication of organophosphateII Contents:A. Introduction of the intoxication and detoxication of organophosphateB. Administration of dipterex intravenously to rabbits and observationC. Administration of atropine or PAM to rabbits intraven

18、ously and observationD. DiscussionIII Time:1.1 hour for teaching1.5 hours for administration and observation0.5 hour for discussionExperiment 9. Video of Chloropromazine, Cardiac Glycoside and AntiarrhythmicsI Purpose:To master the pharmacological effects and clinical uses of chloropromazine, cardia

19、c glycoside and antiarrhythmicsII Contents:A. Teaching video about chloropromazine, cardiac glycoside and antiarrhythmicsB. ReviewingIII Time:2.0 hours for video1.0 hour for reviewingExperiment 10. Video of Morphine and Experiment of AnalgesicsI Purpose:To master the pharmacological effects, clinica

20、l uses and untoward effects of morphine and to compare the analgesic actions of meperidine and an-tong-ding by the turning-trunk method II Contents:A. Teaching video of morphineB. Introduction of the principle and method of the experimentC. Administration and observationD. Analysis and discussionIII

21、 Time:1.0 hour for video0.5 hour for teaching1.0 hour for administration and observation0.5 hour for analysis and discussionExperiment 11. Central Stimulants and Anticonvulsant Effect of DrugI Purpose:To master the pharmacological effects and the clinical uses of central stimulants, to comprehend th

22、e method to induce the convulsion and to observe the protection of drug from induced convulsionII Contents:A. Introduction of central stimulantsB. Introduction of the principle and method of the experimentC. Establishing the model of convulsion in mice with nikethamide and observing the protection o

23、f sodium phenobarbitalD. DiscussionIII Time:1.0 hour for teaching1.5 hours for administration and observation0.5 hour for discussionExperiment 12. Antihistamines, Antiasthmatic Drugs and OxytocicsI Purpose:To master the pharmacological effects and the clinical uses of antihistamines, antiasthmatic d

24、rugs and oxytocicsII Contents:A. AntihistaminesB. Antiasthmatic drugsC. OxytocicsIII Time:3.0 hours for teachingExperiment 13. Antagonism of Lidocaine on Arrhythmia Induced by OuabainI Purpose:To observe the therapeutic effect of lidocaine on arrhythmia induced by ouabain and to find out the way tha

25、t ouabain induces the arrhythmia in rabbitsII Contents:A. Introduction of the principle and method of the experimentB. Recording the normal ECG of rabbits, inducing the arrhythmia with ouabain and observing the therapeutic effect of lidocaineC. Analysis and discussionIII Time:0.5 hour for teaching2.

26、0 hours for manipulation0.5 hour for analysis and discussionExperiment 14. Effect of Glucocorticoids on InflammationI Purpose:To observe the antiinflammatory effect of glucocorticoidsII Contents:A. Reviewing of the mechanism of action of glucocorticoids on the inflammationB. Introduction of the prin

27、ciple and method of the experimentC. Establishing the inflammation model on the ears of mice and observing theantiinflammatory effect of glucocorticoidsD. Analysis and discussionIII Time:0.5 hour for teaching4.1 hours for manipulation0.5 hour for analysis and discussionExperiment 15. Experimental Ex

28、aminationI Purpose:To check the basic experimental skills and the abilities to resolve problems using basic theories of the studentsIIA.B.C.IllContents:ManipulationObservation and analysisConclusionTime:4.2 hours for examinationExperiment 16. Effect of Autonomic Nerve System Drugs on Intestine in Vi

29、troI Purpose:Further grasp which receptors autonomic nerve system drugs act on and effects on smooth muscle of intestines in vitro. Learn experiment method of smooth muscle in vitro.II Contents:A. Introduction of the method on intestinal smooth muscle in vitroB. ManipulationC. Administration and obs

30、ervationD. DiscussionIII Time:0.5 hour for teaching1.0hour for manipulation1.0hour for administration and observation0.5 hour for discussionExperiment 17. Effect of Oxytocics on Uterus in VitroI Purpose:To observe the effect of different stimulants on uterus in vitro.II Contents:A. Teach drugs affec

31、ting uterine motilityB. Introduction of the method on uterine smooth muscle in vitroC. ManipulationD. Administration and observationE. Analysis resultsIII Time:1.0 hour for teaching1.0 hour for manipulation0.5 hour for administration and observation0.5 hour for analysis resultsExperiment 18. Central

32、 Nervous System DrugsI Purpose:To master the characteristics of the drugs on central nervous system and to analysis the mechanism of action by experiment.II Contents:A. ManipulationB. Administration and observationC. Writing experiment reportIII Time:1.0 hour for manipulation1.0 hour for administration and observation1.0 hour for writing experiment report