安徽省滁州中学2023-2024学年高二上学期月考一英语Word版含解析.docx

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1、流行的观点是，埃及人沿着平坦的道路滑动石块。可知，人们普遍认为古埃及人通过光滑的道路滑动巨石。 故选C项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。由该短语所在段中的either with wet day or with the fat from cattle.要么是下雨天，要么是用牛 身上的脂肪。可推知，D项“使路变滑”符合。故选D项。【30题详解】词义猜测题。文中的画线词it指代的是上文的内容A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides, he realized. Tha

2、t, he notes, should make a block of stone a lot easier to roll than a square”.他意识到，一个正方形可以通过在它的侧面附加木杆而变成一个粗糙的轮子。他指出，这会 变成一块石头“比一块正方形更容易滚动:A项”滚动带有杆子的积木。”表述与it相吻合。故选A项。31题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的 At least, workers wouldn*t have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.至少，工人不需要携带牛的脂肪或水来铺平道路可知，用“

3、滚动”的方法所需的准备较少一些。故选D 项。DWhen youre going through a period of anxiety or depression it can be difficult to make decisions, whether those are significant life changes or everyday choices. Those with generalized anxiety disorder or mood disorders often report feeling uncomfortable with or being troubled

4、 by feelings of uncertainty-which doesnt help when you need to make a decision, big or small.Now in a new study, researchers find that people with higher levels of anxiety and depression are less able to adapt to fast-changing situations. But with the right intervention（干预）there may be ways to help

5、those with anxiety or depression make better decisions in the moment.Participants were aged between 18 and 55; some had symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder or major depressive disorder, while others had no history of mental illness at all.In the study, after filling in measures related to anxie

6、ty, depression, and worry, participants took part in a video game. In each round, they were asked to choose between two shapes: picking onne shape resulted in a reward, while the other delivered an electric shock.The task took place in two blocks-one stable, in which one shape was associated with a

7、reward 75% of the time and the other 25% of the time, and the other unstable, in which the shape with a higher probability of resulting in reward switched every twenty trials. In the unstable block, therefore, the participants had to keep adjusting their responses as the probabilities change.Those p

8、articipants with symptoms of anxiety or depression were slower to adjust their responses to the changes in probabilities. This suggests that mood disorders are associated with difficulty making decisions in changing circumstances.Senior author Sonia Bishop argues that those participants who adapted

9、quickly did so because of their emotional resilience（适应力）.“Emotionally resilient people tend to focus on what gave them a good outcome, and in many real-world situations that might be key to learning to make good decisions, “ she says.Sonia Bishop suggests that encouraging people to focus on past su

10、ccesses rather than failures could be a useful behavioral intervention, making those difficult decisions a bit less tricky.32. According to the text, which of the following affects decision-making?A. Feeling uncomfortable with someone.B. Feeling unsure of what will happen.C. Wondering who will make

11、a decision.D. Wondering how to help make a decision.33. What was the purpose of the unstable block?A To create a fast-changing situation.B. To train participants to respond to changes.C. To make the video game more challenging.D. To help those with anxiety make decisions.34. Why does Sonia Bishop su

12、ggest focusing on past successes?A. To improve decision-making.B. To remember the achievements.C. To adapt quickly to a new situation.D. To avoid making difficult decisions.35. What advice can be given according to the study?A. Try to think quickly when making decisions.B. Dont expect too much when

13、making decisions.C. Dont focus on one single thing when making decisions.D. Reduce your anxiety or depression when making decisions.【答案】32.B33. A 34. A 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当人们经历焦虑或抑郁时期时很难做出决定。一项新的研究发现，只要有正确的干预也许有办法帮助那些焦虑或抑郁的人做出更好的决定。【32题详解】细节理解题。文章第一段讲到 “Those with generalized anxiety disorder

14、 or mood disorders often report feeling uncomfortable with or being troubled by feelings of uncertainty-which doesnt help when you need to make a decision, big or small.（患有广泛性焦虑症或情绪障碍的人经常报告说，他们对不确定感感到不舒服或感到 困扰，而这种不确定感在你需要做出重大或小决定时都没有帮助。）”可知根据文章，影响决策的一项是不 确定会发生什么，故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。文章第五段讲到“and the othe

15、r unstable, in which the shape with a higher probability of resulting in reward switched every twenty trials. In the unstable block, therefore, the participants had to keep adjusting their responses as the probabilities change.（另一个是不稳定的，在另一个阶段中，每20次试验中，获得奖励的概 率较高的形状就会发生变化。因此，在不稳定的区块中，参与者必须随着概率的变化不断调

16、整自己的反应。） 可知不稳定区块的目的是创造快速变化的局面，故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到 “Sonia Bishop suggests that encouraging people to focus on past successes rather than failures could be a useful behavioral intervention, making those difficult decisions a bit less tricky. （Sonia Bishop建议，鼓励人们专注于过去的成功而不是失败，这可能是一种有用的行为干预，让那些艰难的

17、决定 变得不那么棘手）”可知Sonia Bishop建议关注过去的成功的原因是为了改善决策。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。文章第二段讲到 “Now in a new study, researchers find that people with higher levels of anxiety and depression are less able to adapt to fast-changing situations. But with the right intervention（干预）there may be ways to help those with anxiety or

18、 depression make better decisions in the moment.（现在， 在项新的研究中， 研究人员发现，焦虑和抑郁程度较高的人更难适应快速变化的环境。但只要有正确的干预也许有办法帮助 那些焦虑或抑郁的人在当下做出更好的决定。）”可知这项研究可以给出的建议是在做决定时减少焦虑或 抑郁，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Field trips have now become a popular and well-established method of ed

19、ucation. A field trip is a journey organized by schools or educational institutions to a place outside of the classroom. 36 Therefore the activities during a field trip are often designed to provide them with hands-on experiences.Field trips can be taken to a variety of destinations. The most popula

20、r ones include museums, factories, zoos and botanical gardens. Field trips can also involve visits to historical sites and other places of interest. Sometimes even an outing to a park nearby can make a good field trip. 37Field trips help improve academic performance. Participants in a field trip are

21、 engaged in various activities about a subject matter. 38 They could also pick up new knowledge through observation and interaction. Studies provide evidence that field trips can increase students9 test scores.39 During a field trip, students are exposed to interactive activities and novel experienc

22、es that are not often available in a classroom, which awakens their interest and helps them rediscover the joy in study. This may be particularly important for students who are struggling academically.A field trip can be challenging to organize due to factors such as high costs and safety concerns.

23、40 Teachers regard this outing as a good way of helping students and developing a good relationship with them. Students, moreover, may remember the experience of the school field trip as a highlight of the school year.A. Field trips also promote a love of learning.B. That is why field trips are in d

24、ecline in recent years.C. In this way, they could gain a better understanding of it.D. It is intended to help students learn in a real-world context.E. The quality of a field trip always depends on its destination.F. Still, it is believed that a well-chosen field trip is worth the difficulties.G. Wh

25、atever the destination is, the key is to make sure the trip is practical.【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. A 40. F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了实地考察，介绍了其具体内容、优点以及存在的缺陷。【36题详解】根据下文 “ Therefore, the activities during a field trip are often designed to provide them with hands-on experiences.（因此，实地考察中的活动通常旨在为他们提供实践经验

26、。）”可知，实地考察是为他们提供实 践经验。选项D It is intended to help students learn in a real-world context.（它旨在帮助学生在现实环境中学 习。）”与下文内容一致，指的都是实地考察的目的。其中students和下文的“them” 一致。故选D。【37题详解】根据上文内容 “Field trips can be taken to a variety of destinations. The most popular ones include museums, factories, zoos and botanical garde

27、ns. Field trips can also involve visits to historical sites and other places of interest. Sometimes even an outing to a park nearby can make a good field trip.（实地考察可以去各种各样的目的地。最 受欢迎的包括博物馆、工厂、动物园和植物园。实地考察还包括参观历史遗迹和其他有趣的地方。有时甚 至去附近的公园郊游也可以成为一次很好的实地考察。）”可知，实地考察有许多目的地可选。选项 G u Whatever the destination i

28、s, the key is to make sure the trip is practical（不管目的地是什么,关键是要确保 这次旅行是实际的。）”延续上文内容，指的是实地考察有很多可去的目的地，而不管目的地是什么，关键 是确保这次旅行是实用的。故选G。【38题详解】根据空前“Field trips help improve academic performance. Participants in a field trip are engaged in various activities about a subject matter.（实地考嚓有助于提高学习成绩。参加实地考察的人就某一

29、主题从事各种活 动。）”以及空后 “They could also pick up new knowledge through observation and interaction.（他们也可以通 过观察和互动来学习新的知识。）”可知，本段主要讲述的是实地考察有助于提高学生成绩。选项C “Inthis way, they could gain abetter understanding of it.（通过这种方式，他们可以更好地了解它。）”与上下文内容一 致，指的是参加实地考察如何帮助学生学习新的知识。故选C。【39题详解】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文 uDuring a fiel

30、d trip, students are exposed to interactive activities and novel experiences that are not often available in a classroom, which awakens their interest and helps them rediscover the joy in study. This may be particularly important for students who are struggling academically.（在实 地考察中，学生们可以接触到课堂上经常得不到

31、的互动活动和新奇经历，这唤醒了他们的兴趣，帮助他们 重新发现学习的乐趣。这对于那些在学业上挣扎的学生来说尤其重要。）”可知，本段主要讲述的是实地考 察可以唤醒学生的兴趣。选项A uField trips also promote a love of learning.（实地考察也能促进对学习的热 爱。）”与下文内容一致，指的是实地考察可以促进学生对学习的热爱。故选A。【40题详解】不艮据上文 “ A field trip can be challenging to organize due to factors such as high costs and safety concerns.（由

32、于 高成本和安全问题等因素，组织实地考察可能具有挑战性可知，实地考察具有一定挑战性。选项F “Still, it is believed that a well-chosen field trip is worth the difficulties.（尽管如此，人们还是相信，一次精心选择的 实地考察是值得这些困难的。）”则表明尽管实地考察困难重重，而一次精心选择的实地考察是值得这些困 难的。选项F中的“the difficulties”指的正是上文提到的high costs and safety concerns o故选F。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题

33、1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。For a teen running in his final cross-country outing before graduating from high school, his personal best wasnt about marking the fastest time but something more 41When he came out of the blocks that day, Brandon Schutt knew if his 42 was good en

34、ough, he still had the potential to 43 the upcoming state meet. A mile into the 3.1-mile race, though, Schutt felt bad. Instead of risking injury, he 44 to a comfortable pace.45. Omaha Burke High School student Blake Cerveny was also running. Aiming to beat his ownpersonal record, after a fast start

35、, he continued to 46 himself hard. Suddenly, Cervenys legs cramped （抽筋）up and 47 him. But determined to finish, Cerveny rose from the track again and again. However, about 100 meters from the finish line, he lay curled （蜷缩）on the ground. His legs had simply 48.At this time, Brandon Schutt was at his

36、 side to offer a 49. His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed,but like Cerveny, he also refused to 50 With a second 51, Cerveny was on his feet. At ameasured jog, with Cerveny holding Schutt for support and Schutt helping Cerveny maintain 52. thetwo completed the race together. Schutt even ensured

37、 the injured runner crossed the finish line first, 53 his opponent a faster time.In today9s competitive world, it was 54 to see that for an athlete like Brandon Schutt, the55 of true sportsmanship still had legs （会长期受到关注）.41. A. demanding42. A. chance43. A. organize44. A. rushed45. A. However46. A.

38、find47. A. injured48. A. shown up49. A. hand50. A. hesitate51. A. target52. A. contact53. A. securing54. A. common55. A. faith【答案】4LC 42. BB. intenseC. meaningfulD. potentialB. timeC. luckD. trackB. discussC. evaluateD. attendB. extendedC. slowedD. turnedB. MeanwhileC. InsteadD. FurthermoreB. proveC

39、. encourageD. pushB. occupiedC. failedD. embarrassedB. given outC. took offD.hung onB. liftC. choiceD. shoulderB.engageC. complainD. quitB. tryC. scheduleD. missionB. orderC. balanceD. peaceB. assumingC. facilitatingD. convincingB. essentialC. worthwhileD. inspiringB. valueC. sympathyD. tone43. D 44

40、. C45. B 46. D 47. C48. B 49. A 5.D51.52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。讲述了在一次越野赛中，舒特帮助对手完成比赛的体育精神。【41题详解】考形容词查词义辨析。句意：对于一个高中毕业前参加最后一次越野赛的青少年来说，他的个人最佳表 现不是最快的成绩，而是更有意义的成绩。A. demanding要求高的；B.intense紧张的；C.meaningful有 意义的；D. potential 有潜力的。根据最后一段 “In todays competitive world, it was 14 to see

41、 that for an athlete like Brandon Schutt, the 15 of true sportsmanship still had legs （在当今的竞技世界里， 看到像布兰登舒特这样的运动员，真是令人鼓舞，真正的体育精神的积极作用会长期受到关注。）可 知，这里要说的是，虽然他的成绩不是最快的，但是更有意义，故选择C项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当布兰登舒特那天走出街区时，他知道如果他的时间够好，他仍然有可能参 加即将到来的州运动会。A. chance机会；B. time时间；Cluck好运；D.track轨道。根据下文“hestill had th

42、e potential to 3 the upcoming state meet.（他仍然有可能参加即将到来的州运动会）”可知， 这里说的是，如果他跑步用的时间少的话，就能参加即将到来的州运动会，故选择B项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当布兰登舒特那天走出街区时，他知道如果他的时间够好，他仍然有可能参 加即将到来的州运动会。A. organize组织；B. discuss讨论；C. evaluate评估；D. attend参加。根据下文“the upcoming state meet （即将至U来的州运动会）”可知，这里使用attend “参加”符合题意,故选择D 项。【44题详解】

43、考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有冒受伤的风险，而是放慢了速度。A.rushed冲；B. extended扩展；C. slowed减缓；D. turned转身。根据上文Schutt felt bad （舒特感觉很不舒服）”可知,这里要说的是因为 不适而放慢了速度，故选择C项。【45题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，奥马哈伯克高中的学生Blake Cereny也参加了竞选。A. However 然而；B. Meanwhile 同时；C. Instead 反而；D. Furthermore 此外。根据下文 uOmaha Burke High School student Blake Cerve

44、ny was also running.（奥马哈伯克高中的学生 Blake Cerveny 也参加了竞选。）“可知， 这里是要用两个人进行对比，故选择B项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打破自己的个人纪录，在快速起步后，他继续努力。A. find找到；B.prove 证明；C. encourage 鼓励；D. push 推。根据上文 “ Aiming to beat his own personal record （为了 打破自己的个人记录）可知，此处使用短语push oneself hard “努力”符合题意，故选择D项。47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，塞尔维尼的腿抽筋

45、了，这让他很失望。A. injured受伤；B. occupied占 据；C. failed 使失望；D. embarrassed 使窘迫。根据上文 “Aiming to beat his own personal record, after a fast start, he continued to 6 himself hard.（为了打破自己的个人纪录，在快速起步后，他继续努 力。）”可知，这时腿抽筋，让他很失望，短语fail sb “辜负某人”符合题意，故选择C项。48题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他的腿已经没有力气了。A. shown up显示；B. given out耗尽；C.

46、 took off 脱下;D.hung on等一会儿。根据上文“he lay curled on the ground.（他蜷缩着躺在地上）”以及下文uHis first attempt to get Cerveny up failed （他第一次试图把塞尔维尼扶起来失败了）”可知，这里说的是 他的双腿已经没有力气了，故选择B项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时，布兰登舒特在他身边伸出援手。A. hand手；B. lift电梯；C. choice 选择；D. shoulder肩膀。根据上文“His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed （他第一

47、次试图把塞尔维尼扶 起来失败了）”可知，这里要说的是舒特伸出了援手，故选择A项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他第一次试图让塞尔维尼振作起来的尝试失败了，但和塞尔维尼一样，他也 拒绝放弃。A. hesitate犹豫；B. engage从事；C.complain抱怨；D. quit放弃。根据下文“With a second11Cerveny was on his feet.（第二次尝试时，塞尔维尼站了起来。）”可知，这里说的是，他们拒 绝放弃，继续尝试，故选择D项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二次尝试时，塞尔维尼站了起来。A.target目标；B.try尝试；C. sched

48、ule 计划；D. mission使命,任务。根据上文“His first attempt to get Cerveny up failed （他第一次试图把塞尔 维尼扶起来失败了）”可知，这里说的是进行了第二次尝试，故选择B项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：缓慢地跑着，塞尔维尼抓着舒特支撑，舒特帮助塞尔维尼保持平衡，两人一 起完成了比赛。A. contact联系；B. order订单;C.balance平衡；D. peace和平。根据上文“with Cerveny holding Schutt for support （塞尔维尼抓着舒特支撑）”可知，这里说的是，舒特帮助塞维尔保持平衡，故 选择C项。53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：舒特甚至确保受伤的跑者先冲过终点线，为对手争取了更快的时间。A.securing 取得；B. assuming 假设;C. facilitating 促进；D. convincing 说服。根据上文 u Schutt even ensured the injured runner crossed the finis