新人教版高中英语新教案必修一语法填空考点总结.docx

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1、语法填空考点分析提示词形式动 词谓语动词时态（八大时态）语态（主动语态&被动语态）非谓语动 词现在分词过去分词不定式形容词与副词的比较级或最高级词性转换（名词&动词&形容词&副词）词义转换（派生词）纯空格形式冠词(a/an/the )介词(in, on, at, behind, for, with, from.)代词人称代词（主格&宾格）物主代词（形容词性物主代词&名词性物主代词）反身代词指示代词(this, that, these, those)不定代词 (some, other, another,both,.)疑问代词连 词从属连词名词性从句定语从句状语从句并列连词(but, howeve

2、r, so, and,.)固定短语或句型有提示词的解题技巧一：谓语动词：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关 系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。1. His fear of failure（keep） him from classroom games that other children played excitedly. kept2. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, （close） my book

3、and walked away. closed3. Three people（take） to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. were taken4. She told him that she（bring） him the water in ten minutes, would bring二、非谓语动词若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓 语动词就要确定用现在分词、过去分词，还是不定式。非谓语动词的形式一定要 考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。技巧一：作主语或宾语，通常用现在分词

4、形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表 示具体的情况。were lively.He learned from the old people there how to walk, because he thought the old peoples walking gestures were steady. He learned from the women there how to walk, because he thought the womens waving walking gestures were beautiful. That being the case with him, in

5、less than half 10 month he even forgot how to walk. As he hadalready used up his traveling expenses, he had to crawl.1. Lacking0因he与lack是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语，表示原因。2. ato固定短语：at a loss茫然，不知如何是好。as to至于，关于3. Aso引导时间状语从句,表示“随着”。4. felt-由上下文可知，用一般过去时。5. One。指其中之一，用故one of themo6. gracefullyo修饰动词作状语，用副词grace

6、fully。7. whato引导表语从句并在从句中作about的宾语，故用连接代词what。8. whicho引导非限定性定语从句并在从句中作主语，只能用whicho9. becauseo10. ao搭配：half a month 半个月。A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water.31 water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he couldbring some back to elder 32 h

7、ad been his teacher .After a four-dayjourney, the young man 33.(present) the water to the old man. His teachertook a deep drink,smiled 34(warm), and thanked his student very much forthe sweet water. The young man went home 35 a happy heart.After the student left, the teacher let _36 student taste th

8、e water. He spit it out, 37(say) it was awfuL Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher； Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like38?”The teacher replied/9 You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container fbr

9、an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 39(sweet)/9We understand this lesson best 40 we receive gifts of love from children.Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.10年：31题：The定冠词。32题：who考定语从句关

10、系代词的用法。另,一直在怀疑elder前边是不是漏词 了这是图考题,这是iWj考题33题：presented考动词时态。34题：warmly考词性转换，形容词变副词。35题：with考介词。“开开心心地 回家了 ”36题：another让另一个学生喝这个水。考不定代词。37题：saying考非谓语动词用法。38题：it考代词，指物的那个。39题：sweeter形容词比较级的用法，“没有什么比这个更甜、“这是最甜的水” 40 题：whenoOne Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early be

11、cause I1 . But it is not enough only(memorize) rules from a grammar book. 解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填to memorize。2 .(speak) out your feeling won t make you feel ashamed.解析：句中已有谓语won t make,所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为 主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。技巧二：作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。1 .(complete) the project as

12、planned, we 11 have to work two more hours a day.解析：因看中已有谓语will have to work,所以complete应为非谓语动词；因(为 了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作 目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To complete。2 . Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely (succeed).解析：因在形容词likely后作状语，要用动词不定式，故填to succee

13、d。技巧三：作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词,与逻辑 主语是被动关系,用过去分词。这样的题一般要特别注意空格前的逗号。1. He saw the stone,(say) to himself: The night will be very dark.v 解析：句中已有谓语saw,所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词； 又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。2. The headmaster went into the lab,(follow) by the foreign guests. 解析：句中已有谓语went,而follow又不是与之并列

14、的，故为非谓语动词；又 因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语。3. There will be a meeting,(start) later this year to review the film. 解析：因a meeting与start是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语，补充说明a meeting, 故填 startingo4. Lessons(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.解析：因句中已有谓语can help,所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesso

15、n与learn 是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故填learned。特别提醒有时给出的动词可能既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词，而是要求词类转换。如: But Jane knew from past experience that her(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.解析：括号中所给词choose虽然是动词，但在句中作主语，且在形容词性物主 代词后，应当填choose的名词形式choiceo谓语动词与非谓语动词的比较练习：1. He entered the room, (hold) a book in his hand, ho

16、lding He entered the room and(hold) a book in his hand, held2. I politely refused her invitation and(walk) away. walkedI politely refused her invitation, (walk) away. walking3. A boy(call) Jack came here today.calledA boy who(call) Jack came here today. was called4. We enjoy the movie(direct) by a f

17、amous artist, directedWe enjoy the movie which(direct) by a famous artist. was directed5. When I(hear) the news, I was excited, heardWhen(hear) the news, I was excited, hearing6. Unless I(invite), I won,t attend the party. was invited Unless(invite), I wont attend the party. invited三.给出的提示词是形容词或副词当括

18、号中所给的词是形容词或副词，且根据句义空格处需要的仍是形容词或副 词，则可能填该词的比较级或最高级。1. He is one of the(great) man that I have ever known, greatest2. (luck) than other students in her class, she was admitted to Beijing University. Luckier3. When he sees other students (good) than him, he usually think that they have higher IQ. bette

19、r4. At first we wanted to fly because it would be(fast) and would save us more time. faster5. The (big) and most powerful animal in the forest was the bear, biggest6. The (young) angel was very angry and blame the older angeL younger解题技巧：1 .若两者之间比较，或者有than,就用比较级2 .不出现than,即省略了 “than+比较对象”这种隐含式比较级，要注

20、意语境理 解3 .注意“less/least+原级”这样的降级比较4 .若是多者之间比较，或者有in、of等介词短语表示比较范围，要用最高级5 .比较级前可用a bit a little表示稍稍,一点；用much、a lot表示得多”、 even表示“更加”6 . asas之间用原级7 .最高级前要有the(l)The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could. He jumped even(hard) and nearly made himself out. harder(2)The (strong) we become, the more

21、 modest we should be. stronger(3)Of the two coats, Id choose the(cheap) one to spare some money for a book. cheaper(4)You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit(slow)? slower(5)This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses (little) water and electricity than older models. less(

22、6)The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted(good) if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. better三、词性转换根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词。如：The youngster immediately fell(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。In a(danger) part

23、of the sea , they lost their way.解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填dangerous。Teachers must try their best to make most of their students(interest) in the subject.解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示 “感兴趣填 interested。作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词。When Chinas ancient scientific and technological (achieve) ar

24、e mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.解析：在时间状语从句中，要求填的词作主语，China s ancient scientific and technological是主语的定语；作主语要用名词，又由are可知，主语是复数，故 填 achievements oThese people have made great(contribute) to China with their work.解析：在句中作及物动词have made的宾语，要用名词形式；表示作贡献，其前 面没有不定冠词时

25、，习惯上用复数，故填contributions。在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词。如：Their(happy) is based on money.解析：在形容词性物代词(their)后应当用名词，故填happiness。The(operate) of the system is very difficult.解析：在冠词后，要用名词，故填operation。修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：As I looked(close) at this girl, I found that she wasnt ugly at all.解析：修饰动词l

26、ooked,作状语，用副词，故填closely。There must be something(serious) wrong with our society.解析：要求填的词修饰形容词wrong,作状语，用副词，故填seriously。Singles are flocking to the Internet(main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little time.解析：修饰because引导的原因状语从句，修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词，故 填 mainly。(fortunate), only two students can pa

27、ss the final exam.解析：修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词，且根据句意可知，要表达“不幸的是。 故填 Unfortunately派生词：有可能是词义转换题，词类或词性不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词 根意义相反的派生词，需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系，需要在词前加前缀un, im,，dis等， 或在该词后力口后缀-less People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is (use).解析：作表语要用

28、形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”, 故填 useless oYour mistake caused a lot of(necessary) work in the office.解析：在名词前作定语，仍用形容词形式；但根据句意，“错误引起了许多不必 要的麻烦事，故填unnecessaryo(im) possible(im)polite(un) happy(un)healthy(un)kind care(less)home(less) use(less)(dis)likeWhat would you do if you failed? Many people may ch

29、oose to give up.1 , the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick 2 your goal.On your way to success, you 3 keep your direction.lt is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and _4 (help) you overcome obstacles on your way.5 , you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead.Direct

30、ion means objectives.You can get nowhere _6 an objective in life.You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve 7.Only in this way _8 you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time 9(proper). And you should also have a belief_10 you are sure to succeed as long

31、as you keep your direction all the time.【解析】本文告诉我们，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标。1. However与前句是转折关系，空格前后都有标点，用副词however 2. to stick to 意为“坚持”。3. must由语境揣摸出作者的语气，句意为：在通往成功的路上，你 必须坚持你的方向。4. helping与guiding并列，一起补充说明alamp,故用现在分词。5. Otherwise由本句与前句的逻辑关系可知，要填表示“否则”的 otherwise o6. without句意：人生如果没有目标，你将一事无成。7. it

32、it 指代 your objectiveo8. will/can句意：只有这样，你才会知道9. properly 修饰动词spend作状语用副词。10. that引导同位语从句，从句中不缺句子成分，且意义完整，故填 thato语法填空：纯空格的解题技巧 一、冠词(一)不定冠词a, an的用法1表示泛指，泛指任何的、不限定的或首 次提到的人或事物Long long a ago, there waswho lived with seven little man._little girl a2表小“每相当于everyoneWe study eight hoursday.aa和an的区别：a用于辅音开

33、头的单词前，an用于元音开头的单词前There isu in the worcTuse”.As we all know,hour is equal to 60 minutes.(二)定冠词the的用法:1表特指(1)特指上文已提到过的人或事 物There is a pen here.pen is mine.(2)用于带后置定语的名词前， 表示特定的人或事物The water inbottle is clean.特指说话双方都知道或能体 会到的人或事物Please turn onradio.2表类指(1)用于形容词前表示一类人rich andpoor should be treated equa

34、l.(2)用于分词前表 k 类人The doctor is taking care ofinjuredanddying, the dying 垂危的人(3)与单数可数名词连用表类别horse is a useful animal.3表独指用于世上独一无二的事物名词 刖earth turns aroundsun.4惯用法(1)用于乐器名称前He began to playviolin at the age ofsix.(2)表示“一家人”或“夫妇”Greens格林一家/格林夫妇(3)用于序数词、形容词和副词的 比较级和最高级前Of the two coats, I prefer cheapero

35、ne.(4)用于由普通名词构成的专有 名词前United StatesPeople s Republic of China(5)用于江河、海洋、山脉等名词 4A-刖Himalaya Mountains, Yellow River,Taiwan Island(6)用于方位名词前ineast/west/north/south(7)用于世纪的某个年代in19901/1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代冠词练习：1. He talked to us in unusual way. an2. I sat next to the man and introduce myself. We had amaz

36、ing conversation,an3. One morning he was walking along the street when a stranger stopped him/Well/ answered stranger, zzare you still willing to take a chance? the4. John, there is Mr. Wilson on the phone for you. A5. A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear wate

37、r, water was sweet. The二、介词介词包括表时间、方位、方式的介词on, in, at, with, by, through等。如果 名词、代词前是空格，且该名词或代词不是作主语、宾语、或表语，而更多是作 状语时，很可能填介词。另外，含有介词的固定搭配要积累。1、I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him his own either, on on onee own=by oneself 独自地， 靠自 己地2、The young man went home a

38、happy heart, with3、 He was very tired doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy,from /after4、If you still havent got a motto, please choose one because a motto can have a great influence you. on5、The machine works itself. by6、Its unbelievable that John fell off the truck being hurt. without

39、7、 Rose was wild with joy the result of the exam. as8、As soon as he entered the room, he took his cap and sat down, off9、The number of the employees has grown from 1000 to 1200. This means that it hasrisen 20 percent. by三、代词代词的种类繁多，包括人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词和指示代 词等，其中近年来对代词it在句中指代事物，作形式主语或形式宾语的用法较 常见。如果句

40、子缺少主语或宾语，那一定是填名词或代词，名词一般都是词性变换，所以没给出提示词的，一般都是填代词。1. Scientists in the future will certainly find other ways to make life last longer, w川find cures for more diseases.缺人称代词，且作主格，填They2. As a teenager, Tom spent summers working as a lifeguard. Forty years later, became the oldest president.缺人称代词，且作主格，填

41、he3. “I am disappointed that you lied to me, Jack. I am angry, not with, but with myself. Dad said.缺人称代词，且作宾格，填you4. Tom is a kind-hearted man, so you can ask for help.缺人称代词，且作宾语，填him5. The boy had misunderstood the doctor. He thought that he was going to give his sister allblood.缺形容向疏主代词，填his6. Her

42、e is my dictionary. Maybe is on the table. If you still cant find it, youmay ask your mother for help.缺主语，且没有提示词，所以根据句意，缺名词性 物主代词，填yours7. Could I borrow you pen?-Yes, help.缺反身代词，填 yourself.8.By playing games, they can not only acquire knowledge, but also cultivate their abilities to get along with.

43、 Others9. Of the two foreign guests, one is from London,is from New York. The other10.He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like it11.She remembered how difficult was to choose a suitable Christmas presentfor her father.12.1 think necessary that we drink plenty of w

44、ater everyday, it四、连词如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接 或引导，则填并列连词或从属连词。并列连词：包括表转折but, while, however, or, otherwise；并列and；因果 because, so 等连词。从属连词： 包括 that, who, which, where, when, as 等。1. He answered all my questions we talked for over an hour. and2. I patiently walked to the library, took my seat

45、took a deep breath to helprelax myself. and3.1 thought we would be late for the concert, we ended up getting there ahead of time. but4. You have failed two tests. You, d better start working harder,you won t pass the course. or5.1 d like to study law at university my cousin prefers geography,while6.

46、 They wanted to charge $ 5,000 for the car,we managed to bring theprice down, but7. People from black country are very friendly., their local dialect is difficult to understand. However五、固定搭配或句型1 .根据强调句结构“It is/was+被强调部分+ that/who+句子剩下部分”判断空格处填 it 还是 that.was only after I heard she became sick that

47、I learned she couldnt eat meat. ItIt was in the park Jack met your sister yesterday. that2 .如果句子结构完整，空格后是谓语动词且谓语动词原形，而且上下文时态和谓 语形式不是很一致时，则考虑以下两种情况：(1)填表示强调的助动词However,an awful accident happen yesterday. didAs we all know, Mary practice speaking English every day. does以only+状语(从句)位于句首,句子要部分倒装句，即把be动词、助动词提 到主语的前面。Only thenI realize that I was wrong. didOnly in this way you able to do it well. areI was always told that the three Ps, patience, positive thinking and perseverance, were a sure path 1 success.But this