（全国卷）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Pygmalion课时作业 新人教版选修8-新人教版高三选修8英语试题.docx

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1、Unit 4 PygmalionI .阅读理解ADo Perus potatoes have the right stuff? That，s the question scientists will be asking in Lima next month, when a selection of potatoes will begin undergoing tests to determine whether they are fit to grow on Mars.NASA, the US space agency, is conducting the pioneering experim

2、ent together with Limas International Potato Center.They will cultivate a hundred selected varieties in Mars-like conditions that could eventually pave the way for building a dome on the Red Planet for farming the vegetable. Of the selected candidates, 40 are native to the Andes Mountains, condition

3、ed to grow in different ecological zones, can stand sudden climate changes and reproduce in rocky areas. The other 60 are improved varieties, able to survive with little water and salt. They are also immune to viruses.Those that pass the tests must meet a final criterion一they must be able not only t

4、o grow well on Mars but also reproduce in large quantities. We re almost 100 percent certain that many of the selected potatoes will pass the tests, “ said Julio Valdivia Silva, a Peruvian NASA astrobiologist （太空生物学家）who is taking pant in the ambitious project. The scientists plan to transport 100 k

5、ilos of soil to a lab in Lima that will simulate the complex Martian atmosphere一which contains mostly carbon dioxide一and expose it to extreme ultraviolet （紫夕卜线的）radiation. If the varieties selected for next months experiment don，t adapt to the desert soil, the researchers will introduce nutrients, w

6、hich will be provided by radiation.In future years, NASA plans to build a Mars research center in the Peruvian desert. It would create a perfect copy of the Martian landscape and atmosphere for future research into space farming that could serve manned missions to Mars and other planets in the solar

7、 system.语篇解读本文为一篇新闻报道。美国国家航空航天局（NASA）将与国际马铃薯研究中 心联手，进行一项开创性实验。1. What is the best title of the passage?A. Transport potatoes to Peruwho was from the countryIf, When/Whilehe was very young, he loved to sing while doingAthe farm work. After work, he learned to playguitar. He liked living onthe/hisworn

8、the farm, for the life was simple. The boy brought his guitar to the stage, :wearingmysteriouslysinga fashionable hat which made him seem so :. When the boy a song withmysterioussanghis guitar,all thejudgejudgeswere astonished by his talent. As a result, he won thegamebutandfinally became famous thr

9、oughout the country.B. Determine the varieties of potatoes in PeruC. NASA is to build a Mars research center in PeruD. NASA is to simulate growing potatoes on Mars in Peru解析：标题归纳题。通读文章可知美国国家航空航天局(NASA)计划与国际马铃薯研究中 心联手，进行一项开创性实验，即在秘鲁培育可在火星上种植的土豆。故答案为D项。答案：D2. According to the third paragraph, which of

10、 the following statements is TRUE?A. Forty kinds of potatoes can survive with little water and salt.B. Many types of potatoes to be planted on Mars are developed in Peru.C. Sixty varieties native to the Andes Mountains can stand sudden climate changes.D. The final criterion is that all the candidate

11、s are immune to viruses on the earth.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句They will cultivate a hundred selected varieties in Mars-like conditions that could eventually pave the way for building a dome on the Red Planet for farming the vegetable. 可知 B 项正确。根据第三段中 的 “The other 60 are improved varieties, able to survive w

12、ith little water and salt. ” 可排除 A 项；根据第三段中的 “Of the selected candidates, 40 are native to the Andes Mountains, conditioned to grow in different ecological zones, can stand sudden climate changes and reproduce in rocky areas. ” 可排除 C 项;根据第三段中的 “Those that pass the tests must meet a final criterion一t

13、hey must be able not only to grow well on Mars but also reproduce in large quantities.” 可排除 D 项。答案：B3. What if the selected varieties dont adapt to the desert soil in Peru?A. Astrobiologists will be sent there to help.B. Nutrients will be provided to plants by radiation.C. A Mars research center wil

14、l be built for further study.D. 100 more kilos of potatoes will be directly sent to Lima.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句If the varieties selected for next month，s experiment don，t adapt to the desert soil, the researchers will introduce nutrients, which will be provided by radiation. 可知答案为 B 项。答案：B4. The passage

15、 may be in the column of China Daily.A. scienceB. sportsC. tourismD. entertainment解析：推理判断题。本文介绍的是美国国家航空航天局（NASA）将与国际马铃薯研究中心 联手，进行一项开创性实验，属于科普类文章，故答案为A项。答案：ABSome people call it a traveling museum. Others refer to it as a living or open-air museum. Built in Brazil to honor Columbus， first voyage to t

16、he New World, the Nina, a Columbus-era replica （复制品）ship, provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus favorite ship from over 500 years ago.I joined the crew of the Nina in Gulf Shores, Alabama, in February 2013. As part of a research project sponsored by

17、my university, my goal was to document my days aboard the ship in a blog. I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to school-age children. The field-trip tour of the Nina is hands-on learning at its best. In this setting, students could touch the line

18、, pass around a ballast stone （压舱石），and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus days. They soon came to understand the labor involved in sailing the ship back in his time. I was pleased to see the students become active participants in their learning pr

19、ocess.The Nina is not the only traveling museum that provides such field trips. A visit to Jamestown Settlement, for example, allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers from England to Virginia in the early 1600s. Historical guides, dressed in period cost

20、umes, give tours of the Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery. These guides often portray a character that would have lived and worked during that time period. Students touring these ships are encouraged to interact with the guides in order to bectter understand the daily life in the paste.My expe

21、rience on the Nina helps testify （证实）my long-held belief that students stay interested, ask better questions, and engage（参与）in higher-order thinking tasks when they are actively engaged in the learning process. The students who boarded the Nina came as passive learners. They left as bold explorers.语

22、篇解读本文介绍了哥伦布航海时的航船的复制品Nina,它是一个开放的博物馆。 c学生参观这一特殊的博物馆可以积极主动参与学习。5. What occupation is the author engaged in?A. Shipping.B. Education.C. Ecological tourism.D. Museum administration.解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的第三句I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours cto school-age

23、 children. ” 可知, 作者在给学龄儿童介绍有关航船复制品贬侬的历史知识；据此可以判断，作者从事的是教 育行业，故B项正确。答案：B6. Which of the following is true about the Nina introduced in the passage?A. She is a replica of a ship that Columbus built in Brazil.B. She is always crowded with foreign tourists during holidays.C. She is the boat Columbus sai

24、led in his voyage to the New World.D. She displays what Columbus ship was like and howr it operated.解析:细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus， favorite ship” 可知，Nina 为人们提供了哥伦布的航船的原貌；根据第二段的“In this setting, students could touch the li

25、ne, pass around a ballast stone（压舱石），and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus days. ” 可矢口，还提供了如何操作该航船的方法，故D项正确。答案：D7. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. Guidelines for visitors on the ships.B. Life of the first settlers in Jamestown Settleme

26、nt.C. Duties of the guides in the British museums.D. Introduction to another museum similar to the Nina.解析：段落大意题。根据第三段的“The Nina is not the only traveling museum. . . A visit to Jamestown Settlement , for example , allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settle

27、rs” 可知，第三段主要介绍了 另一个与布加类似的航行博物馆，故D项正确。答案：D8. What does the author mean by the last two sentences of the passage?A. The students are interested in becoming tour guides.B. The experience has changed the students learning attitude.C. The students become brave and are ready to sail the seas on their own.

28、D. The museums are successful in teaching the students survival skills at sea.解析：句义猜测题。根据文章最后两句可知，登上了哥伦布航船复制品M侬的学生由 被支学习变成了知识的勇敢探索者。据此可以判断，最后两句意在说明，这种游览改变了学 生的学习态度，故B项正确。答案：BH.完形填空There was once a widow who had two daughters. The widow loved the elder who was like herself both in looks and personali

29、ty, but didn，t love the other, who resembled her 2 , although she was pretty and friendly.The younger daughter had to 3 hard all day and live upon the leftovers of her elder sister. Among her other 4 jobs, she was forced to carry water every day 5 .One day 6 she had just filled her pot at the founta

30、in, an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water. Glad to show a kindness to the old woman, she 7 .Now, all of a sudden, there was no old trembling woman but a(n) 8 who rewarded good deeds before her. Your face is pretty 9 your heart is gentle, “ said she. For your kindness, I will make you

31、 a gift. Every time you speak, from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel. ”When the girl reached home, her ill mother 10 her for her long absence. “Pardon me for being away so long, “ she replied. As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her 11.“What is this I see, child? ” asked the

32、12 widow.The poor girl was so happy to be 13 child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her 14 with the old woman at the fountain. The widow immediately 15 hen favorite daughter to do as the 16 girl had done.When the impatient girl was filling the pot with water at the 17 , a beautif

33、ul lady appeared and 18 a drink of water from the girl.“I have not come here to serve you, “ she 19 replied.The lady, who was the fairy, said, “I will make you a gift to 20 your rudeness. Every time you speak, from your mouth shall come a snake or a toad （蟾 蛛）.语篇解读本文主要讲述了两个性格和外表不同的姐妹对给予他人帮助的不同反应 及她们

34、得到的相应的结果，彰显了善有善报的道理。1. A. good-temperedB. bad-temperedC. kindD. beautiful解析：根据下文中的her ill mother并结合下文她训斥小女儿可推知，她脾气不好。 答案：B2. A. daughterB. teacherC. motherD. father解析：根据语境中的转折可知，此处与“herself”形成对比。小女儿不像她而是像父 亲。答案：D3. A.complainB. playC. workstudy解析： 根据下文中的 uAmong her other 4 jobs, she was forced to ca

35、rry water every day 5 .” 并结合 ulive upon the leftovers of her elder sister,可推知， 小女儿每天要做许多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩饭菜生活。答案：C4. A.easyB. hardC. interestingD. boring解析：根据上文中的 “The younger daughter had to 3 hard all day” 可推知， 小女儿的工作都很辛苦，很累人。答案：B5. A.within reachB. with easeC. without hesitationD. from a great distance解析

36、：根据本段的整体内容可知，小女儿过得很艰难。由“she was forced to carry water every day”可推知，小女儿还得每天从很远的地方挑水，这与其艰难的生活境况呼 应。答案：D6. A.whenB. whileC. onceD. before解析：此处应用when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词One day。答案：A7. A. hesitatedB. agreedC. leftD. argued解析：根据空前的“Glad to show a kindness to the old woman”可推知,小女儿答 应了老妇人的请求。答案：B8. A.boy

37、B. old womanC. old manD. fairy解析:根据下文的“The lady, who was the fairy”可推知,老妇人是仙女变过来的。 答案：D9. A.althoughB. butC. whileD. and解析：根据语境可知，空处前后句表示逻辑上的并列关系，故选D。答案：D10. A. scoldedB. praisedC. thankedD. forgave解析：与“her ill mother,和“her long absence”呼应并结合下文小女儿的道歉可 知，此处表示小女儿受到母亲的训斥。答案：A11. A. waistB. hairC. lipsD

38、. hands解析：根据上文中的 “Every time you speak, from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel.可知，小女儿以后说话会口吐花儿或者宝石，故选C。lip “嘴唇”，符合语 境。答案：C12. A. amusedB. interestedC. astonishedD. frightened解析：小女儿突然口吐珍珠和宝石，她的母亲自然很吃惊。astonished “吃惊的”。答案：C13. A.awardedB. calledC. showedD. taught解析：根据上文中的“What is this I see, c

39、hild”可推知,寡妇很震惊，对小女儿 的态度突然转变，柔和了很多，称她为“孩子”。答案：B14. A. difficultyB. thoughtC. experimentD. experience解析：小女儿迫切地将自己遇到仙女的经历告诉了母亲。experience “经历”。答案：D15. A.advisedB. gotC. forcedD. invited解析：get sb. to do sth.意为“让某人做某事，符合语境。答案：B16. A.slimB. tallC. elderD. poor解析：与上文中的“The poor girl”呼应可推知，这里指可怜的小女儿。答案：D17.

40、 A. riverB. poolC. fountainD. well解析：与上文中的“One day 6 she had just filled her pot at the fountain” 呼应可推知，大女儿也来到喷泉那里。答案：CC. asked aboutD. . asked after解析：与上文中的 “an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of waterv呼 应可推知，一个漂亮的女士向大女儿讨水喝。答案：A19. A. rudelyB. jokinglyC. proudlyD. hurriedly解析：与下文中的“your r

41、udeness呼应可推知，当时大女儿举止很粗鲁，与上文的 “the impatient girl” 呼应，故选 A。答案：A20. A. deserveB. faceC. equalD. repay解析：结合语境可知，此处表示仙女要送给大女儿一份与她的粗鲁相匹配的礼物。 equal “比得上”。答案：CIII.短文改错The American TV show The Voice is one of my most favorite amusement shows. In the one hand, I can listento different styles of music. On the

42、 other hand, I can see the singers，stories, who are so inspiring. I was so impressed by a musical boy who was from the country. If he was very young, he loved to sing while doing the farm work. After work, he learned to play guitar. He liked living on the farm, for t.he life was simple. The boy brou

43、ght his guitar to the stage, worn a fashionable hat which made him seem so mysteriously. When the boy sing a song with his guitar, all the judge were astonished by his talent. As a result, he won the game but finally became famous throughout the country.答案：InThe American TV show The Voice is one of my favorite amusement shows. the Onare so inspiring. I was so impressed by a musical boythe singers stories,whichone hand, I can listen to different styles of music. On the other hand, I can see who