Unit+2+Language+Points1知识点讲义 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册.docx

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1、B3U2 Language Points 1Period 1 Listening and Speaking1. moral(adj.)道德的；道义上的(n.)品行；道德；寓意 morality(n.)道德；道德准则；道义 A moral dilemma is a situationA which(= where) you have two or more difficult choices to make. 道德困境是指你面临两个或更多艰难选择的情况。make choices作出选择traditional moral values 传统的道德观念 a decline in moral stan

2、dards/standards of morality 道德水准的下降 moral responsibility /duty 道义上的责任/义务have no morals 没有道德public morals/morality 公共道德face a moral dilemma 面临道德困境=be faced with a moral dilemmaThink about what you would do if you were ever faced with the same situation as the girl.想象你如果遭遇和那个女孩同样的情况，你会怎么做。She showed g

3、reat courage in the face of danger.面对危险时她表现出巨大的勇气。=She showed great courage when facing danger/when faced with danger.face sth=be faced with sth面临；面对 in the face of即使面对(问题、困难等)；由于，因为 当先行词是situation (情况,形势)，stage (境地,阶段)，case (情况)，point (境地)，position (处境, 状况),condition (情形，条件)等表示抽象地点的名词时，若关系词在定语从句中作状

4、语，则定语从句常 用where或in which来引导。2. virtue(n.)高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质He led a life of virtue.他过着高尚的生活。(U.高尚的道德)She got the job by virtue of her greater experience.她由于经验较为丰富而得到了那份工作。noble virtues崇高的品质by/in virtue of= by means of/because of ；依靠；因为；由于3. dilemma(n.)进退两难的境地；困境face a dilemma面临左右为难的困境be in a dilemma处于进退两

5、难的境地4. faint(vi.)晕倒；晕厥=pass out (adj.)不清楚的；微弱的During the exam, the student next to her fainted.考试时，她旁边的那个学生晕倒了。faint from hunger 饿晕过去smile faintly(adv.)淡淡地笑了一下not have the faintest (idea)完全不知道a faint light 微弱的光/a faint (=slight) hope 渺茫的希望/a faint smile 淡淡一笑5. If you choose one, you might get in tro

6、uble for not choosing the other(s).如果你选择一个，你可能会因为没有选择其他的，而陷入麻烦。get into trouble/be in trouble 陷入麻烦have trouble with sth/(in) doing sth 在(做)某事方面有麻烦take the trouble to do sth不辞辛劳地做；不厌其烦地做6. take the entrance examination for.参力口,的入学考试7. all the time 一直；始终8. put the needs of the other person first 首先考虑别

7、人的需要9. give up oneJs chance to do sth 放弃做某事的机会10. get into medical university 进入医科大学11. care for tens of thousands of women and their babies照顾成千上万的妇女和她们的孩子们12. be full of hard choices 充满了艰难的选择13. stop/keep/prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事14. in need在困难中；在危急中in need of (help)需要(帮助)15. be eager to do

8、 sth渴望做某事be eager for sth渴望得到某物16. If I were ever in a situation like the girl faced, I think I would choose to.如果你遇到像那个女孩所面临的一样的情况，我想我会选择17. volunteer(v.) at the local shelter在当地的避难所当志愿者18. look gloomy看起来阴沉沉的a gloomy expression沮丧的表情19. Why not help him with his schoolwork?为什么不帮他做作也呢？ (help sb with

9、sth 帮助某人某事)Period 2 Reading and Thinking1. entrust(vt.)委托;托付Life is precious. .To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saving Km cold, hungry, or tired?生命是宝贵的。对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。如果人们把生命托付给我，我怎么能说自己冷、自己饿、自己困，而拒绝这份信任呢？=. e

10、ntrust that life to me,.entrust A to B= entrust B with A 把 A 委托给 Bbe precious to sb对某人来说很珍贵precious memories/metal珍贵的回忆/贵重金属“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义“没有比更；没有像一样”As far as Im concerned, nothing is more important than health,就我个人而言，身体健康更重要。I couldnt agree with you more.我三日常同意。2. carry sb through (sth)帮助某人渡过难关

11、to help sb to survive a difficult periodThese words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.从林巧稚医生的这番话，我们可以看到这位伟大女性的内心世界，以及到底是 什么支撑着她走过充满艰难决绝的一生。Its a difficult job but shes the person to carry it through.这是一项艰巨的工作，但是

12、她这个人是能够顺利完成 的。(carry sth through 成功完成；顺利实现 to complete sth successfully)carry through on his promises 履行他的承诺(carry through (on/with sth)履行(承诺)carry sb back (to sth)使回想起；使回忆 carry on继续移动carry sb through (sth)帮助某人渡过难关carry on (with sth)/carry sth on/carry on doing 继续做；坚持carry out a promise/a plan 把承诺/

13、计划付诸行动carry out an investigation/a survey 进行调查/考察3. majority(n.)大部分；大多数 the largest part of a group of people or things major (v./n./adj.)At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine.十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而选择了学医。This f

14、ilm is a hit and the majority has/have seen it.这部电影很受欢迎，大多数人都看过。In the 1890s, the majority of the citizens here were black people.在十九世纪九十年代，这里的大多数市民是黑人。The majority of the damage is easy to repair大部分损坏容易修复。In the nursing profession, women are in a/the majority.女性在护理行业中占大多数。major in medicine 主修医学 a m

15、edicine major 一个医学生 the major cause/factor 主要原因/因素the majority of大多数in a/the majority 占大多数4. complain(vi.&vt.)抱怨；投诉；发牢骚 to say that you are annoyed, unhappy or not satisfied about sth “Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinkin

16、g of the high tuition fees. “女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的 兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。(complain+speech)He complained to relevant government departments about working overtime.他向有关部门投诉力口班这件事。 She left early, complaining of a headache.她说自己头疼,很早就离开了。complain of sth述说(病情或痛苦) He complained bitterly that he had been u

17、nfairly treated.他愤懑地诉说他所受到的不公平待遇。a formal complaint 正式控告a letter of complaint 投诉信complain to sb about/of sth 向某人抱怨/投诉某事=01310 a complaint(n.) to sb about sthcomplain (to sb) that (向某人)抱怨(2)school fees 学费/legal fees 律师费/membership fees 会费/entrance fees 门票/charge a fee 收费5. respond(vt.)回答；回复(vi.)作出反应；

18、回应response(n.)反应；回答；回复She responded, z/rd rather stay single to study all my life!她回答：,我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医! ”=She responded (to her brother) that she would rather stay single to study all her life.respond/react to laying off with strike/by going on strike 以罢工来应又寸裁员I knocked on the door but he made no res

19、ponse/reply.我敲了 门，但是他没回答。provoke an angry response 弓I 起了 人们的愤怒in response to customer demand 为了满足顾客的需要respond t。sb/sth (口头或书面)回答某人，回复某事respond to sth with sth/by doing sth用方式作出反应/响应make a/no response to 0,响应/没有回答，响应；对作出反应/对没有作出反应 in response to响应；回答；对作出反应6. reject(vt)拒绝接受 to refuse to accept or cons

20、ider sth；不录用 to refuse to accept sb for a job, position,etc. rejection(n.)拒绝接受；否决Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer.但是，林医生谢绝了邀请。reject an argument/a decision/an offer/a suggestion 拒绝接受一个论点/一个决定/一项提议/一个建议He wanted to join the army but was rejected because of poor health他想参军，但因身体欠佳未被录取。Her proposal m

21、et with unanimous rejection.她的建议遭到 了一致否决。painful feelings of rejection 受冷落的痛苦感受reject sth=refuse sth/to do sth; turn sth down; decline sth/to do sth 拒绝某事 meet with rejection 遭到否决7. appoint(vt.)任命；委派叩pointment(n.)约会，预约，约定；任命，委任In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed (as) d

22、irector of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. 1941年，林医生被任命为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是仅仅数月以后，女产科就因为 战争而关闭。She has recently been appointed to the committee.她最近获得委任成为委员会成员。They appointed him (as) captain of the English team,

23、他们任命他为英格兰队队长。A lawyer was appointed to represent the child.一名律师被指定为这个孩子的代理人。A date for the meeting is still to be appointed.会议日期尚待确定。her appointment to the post/as principal她获此职位的任命/担任校长的任命appoint sb to sth/appoint sb (as)职务/appoint sb to do sth 任命；委派appoint sth (time/place)安排，确定(时间、地点)at the appoin

24、ted time 在约定的时间make an appointment with sb for sth/to do sth 为了(做)某事与某人预约8. tend(vt.)照顾；照料(vi.)倾向；趋于tendency(n.)倾向，偏好；趋势She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors.她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的

25、医生。well-tended gardens精心照料的花园Doctors and nursed tended (to) the injured.医生和护士护理受伤者。Women tend to live longer than men.女人往往比男人长寿。On the matter I tend towards your opinion.在这个问题上，我倾向于你的观点。I have a tendency to talk too much when Km nervous.我紧张时总爱唠叨。tend (to) sb/sth照料；照管；护理=attend to sth/sb处理；照料二care fo

26、r sb照顾，照料;喜欢 tend to do sth易于做某事；往往会发生某事tend to/towards sth倾向于have a tendency to do sth/there is a tendency (for sb/sth) to do sth 有做某事的倾向9. retire(vi.&vt.)退休；退职；退出retired(adj.)已退休的retirement(n.)退休；退职；退出Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983.林医生坚守在岗位上不退休，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。reti

27、re as the greatest basketball player from the sport 作为最伟大的篮球运动员退出体坛 a retired doctor 退休医生retirement age 退休年龄/take early retirement 提前退休retire as从职位上退休retire from从退休/退出10. scare(vt.)惊吓；使害怕(vi.)受惊吓scared(adj.)害怕的；对感到惊慌或恐惧的scary(adj.)She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how

28、 she should respond to the questions. 她在面试时很跑怕以至于完全忘了该如何回答这些问题。Nian is said to be a scary/frightening/terrifying(恐怖的； 吓人的)animal that people are all scared of, so people set off firecrackers in order to scare it away.据说“年”是一种可怕的动物，人们都害怕它，于是人们 放鞭炮来吓跑它。(scare sb away/off把吓跑)It scared me to think I was

29、 alone in the building.想到楼里只有我一个人，怪害怕的。cause a major scare引起严重恐慌(n.恐慌;恐惧)be scared of (doing) sth/ to do sth/ that.害怕做某事=be frightened/of (doing) sth/to do/that.=be afraid of sth/to do sth= be terrified at sth/of (doing)sth/that.be scared/frightened to death 吓得要死=be scared/frightened/terrified out o

30、f your wits 吓得魂不附体=be very scared/frightened/terrifiedscare/frighten/terrify sb; It scares/scared sb to do sth 做某事让某人害怕frighten/scare sb to death=frighten/scare the life out of sb 把某人吓得要命；吓得某人魂不附体11. replace(vt.)接替；取代；更换replacement.)替换；替换物；替代者The student union will hold a special meeting in January

31、to elect someone to replace the secretary.学生会将在一月份举行一次特别会议，选举一个人来代替秘书。Teachers will never be replaced by Al in the classrooms.课堂上人工智能永远不会取代老师。It is a tendency to replace plastic bags with cloth ones用布袋代替塑料袋是一种趋势。Our monitor will take the place of our head teacher to attend the meeting.=Our monitor w

32、ill attend the meeting in place of our head teacher.=Our monitor will replace our head teacher to attend the meeting.我们的班长将代替我们班主任参加会议。be replaced by 被取代replace A with/by B 用 B 代替 A“代替”的多种表达:replace, take the place of, take ones place, in place of, in ones place12. throughout her life 在她的一生中13. to i

33、llustrate the point 为了说明观点 an illustrated book 有插图的书14. at age 18= at the age of 18 18 岁时15. follow the traditional path of marriage 走上婚姻这一传统道路16. stay single 保持单身17. win a scholarship 赢得奖学金18. be hired as a resident(n.) physician 被聘任为住院医师19. be named a chief resident physician 被任命为住院主任医师(name sb (a

34、s)任命；委任)20. serve the women and children at home 服务祖国的妇女和儿童21. open a private clinic 开私人诊所22. charge very low fees to treat patients向病人收取极低的治疗费用23. At times she was seen riding a donkey to faraway (=distant) villages to provide medical care.有时,人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病。24. The new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.新中国见证了林巧稚医生发挥出重要的作用。25. be elected to the first National Peoples Congress 当选为第一届全国人大代表 be elected as deputy to NPC 被选为全国人大代表 (elect sb to sth; elect sb (as) sth)