讲与练04 非谓语动词要点考查攻略(原卷版)---2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练(版).docx

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1、2022年高考英语大二轮复习讲与练(通用版)04非谓语动词要点考查攻略【高频考点回顾】高频考点非谓语动词【真题再现】语法填空1. (2018全国卷 I )You dont have to run fast or fbr long (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die) early by running.2. (2018 BII )The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice

2、(improve) water quality.3. (2018-:HII )China9s approach to protecting its environment while (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,says the banks Juergen Vbegele.4. (2018-15#111)1 quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid(look) directly into hi

3、s eyes so he doesnt feel (challenge).5. (2019全国卷 II )A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” fbr (be)Britain,s oldest full-time employee 一 still working 40 hours a week.6. (2019全国卷 II )When we got a call (say)she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.答案:1 .dying2.to improve3.feeding4

4、.looking ; challenged 5.being 6.saying【关键技法点拨】语法填空解题策略1 .巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且正在进行，要想到用现在分词形式(血加g);若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表完成，要想到用过去分词形式3。伏)；(3)若非谓语动词表将来的动作，作状语表示目的，在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等, 要想到用不定式形式曲)。2 .掌握非谓语动词的句型公式3+形容词+伪/7/*5。. do sth, ;Its no good/use/pleasure doing sth, md/think/be

5、lieve/coitsider+it+ adj, +to do sth. omethod of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school. She 96. (think) that reading comprehension is important, but we speak a lot in class, too.Ms Shen wants to help us improve our spelling and handwriting. We do this in a fun way, wi

6、th 97. (spell)games and other activities. I like her attitude very much, and the 98. (behave) of the other students shows that they like her, too.There are sixty-five students in my classmore than my previous class in Junior High. Forty-nine of them are girls. 99. other words, there are three times

7、as many girls as boys. They say that girls are usually more hard-working than boys, but in this class, everyone is hard-working. For our homework tonight, we have to write a 100. (describe) of the school where we will work and live. Im looking forward to doing it!3 .牢记用动名词或不定式作宾语的动词4 .巧辨谓语动词和非谓语动词一个

8、句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语，一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词，则填谓语动词。谓语 动词要考虑时态语态主谓一致等；若句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词(并列连词或从句连词)时，则所给动词一定用作非谓语动词。非 谓语动词需要确定是-ing形式、过去分词形式还是不定式。【重点知识提示】一、非谓语动词做主语、宾语和表语1 .非谓语动词中能做主语的有动名词和不定式(1)动名词做主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作，不定式做主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做 的动作。(2)it做形式主语，代替真正做主语的动词不定式或动名词。常见句型有：It is/was no use/good+doing sth.

9、; It is/was useless doing sth.; Its a waste of time doing sth.; Its+a4/. + foi70f sb. + to do sth.等。2 .非谓语动词中能做表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。注意现在分词做表语意为“令 人感到的，而过去分词做表语意为“本身感到的、3 .非谓语动词中能做宾语的有动名词和不定式只能跟动名词做宾语的动词和短语：suggest、imagine、mind、admit、practise risk keep keep on avoid、 escape enjoy consider finish mis

10、s、 insist on look forward to feel like get down to、 object to 等。(2)只能跟不定式做宾语的动词和短语：wish、hope decide、refuse promise pretend、manage want plan fail choose would like 等。(3)既可跟动名词又可跟不定式做宾语的动词和短语：remember forget regret stop、go on try 等。forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事此事未做forget doing sth.忘记做过某事此事已做过或已发生stoptodost

11、h.停止、中断某件事，目的是去做另一件事stop doing sth.停止正在做的事remember to do sth.记住去做某事未做:remember doing sth.记得做过某事已做regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾常跟say、tell、 so/such . as to do 结构中做状语表目的。 He is such a good teacher as to be respected by all his students.他是个如此好的老师，以至于受到他所有学生的尊敬。（2）在only/just to do结构中，表示出乎意料的结果。 He rushed to

12、 the station, only to Hnd that the train had left.他匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。（3）在 be happy/glad/sorry/sad/surprised to do sth.结构中做状语表原因。 He was surprised to be informed of the news.被告知这一消息，他感到吃惊。2 .分词做状语（1）次一ing形式：现在分词做状语，用来表时间、条件、让步、原因、伴随、结果等。现在分词所表示 的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且含有进行之意。（2）v-ed形式：过去分词做状语，用来表时间、条件

13、、让步、原因、伴随等。过去分词所表示的动 作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且含有完成之意。源于系表结构的部分过去分词做状语，表示句子主语所处的一种状态。不表示被动关系，其前不用 being,常见的有：seated （坐着的）、hidden （躲着）、devoted （专注的）、lost/absorbed in （沉溺于）、born in （出 身于）、dressed in （穿着）、tired of （厌烦了）等。Following the teacher, some students entered the classroom.（动词follow与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关 系，与句中

14、谓语动词所表示的动作基本同时发生）-The teacher entered the classroom, followed by some students.（动词 follow 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾 关系，与句中谓语动词所表示的动作基本同时发生）（3）having done/having been done强调分词的动作发生在句子的谓语动词表示的动作之前。-Not having finished my homework, I had to stay at home.（动词 finish 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系， 且先于谓语动词表示的动作发生）（4）有些分词或不定式短语做状语，其

15、形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：generally speaking 一般来说frankly speaking 坦白地说judging from/by 根据来判断to tell （you） the truth 说实话to begin/start with 起初；开始to be honest 诚实地说to make things/matters worse让事情变得更糟糕的是四、非谓语动词做补语1 .有些动词和动词短语后接不定式做宾语补足语，形式为“动词（短语）+宾语+宾补（不定式户。如： advise、allow ask beg、cause encourage expect

16、、forbid force invite persuade teach remind、 warn wish call on、 depend on 等。The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.医生警告他不要吃太多的肉。2 .“五看二听一感觉”的感官动词和短语（see、watch observe notice look at hear listen to feel等）后面的宾语补足语常见的有三种非谓语动词形式（do/doing/done）do表主动和完成（被动句中to还原）, doing表主动或正在进行，done表被动或完成。3. make/h

17、ave/get/keep/leave + 宾语 + 补语宾补宾动词 X.+宾语to doingdonemake +宾语doXqkeep+宾语Xqhave +宾语do/to do（区别：have sb. do sth.意为“让某 人做某事”;have sth.表示主体使客体处 于某种状态或一直做 某事）4（表示让别人做某事 或让某事被做）to do意为“有某事要 做。to do做后置定 语）get+宾语leave +宾语Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.在飞机起飞前一个小时，克莱尔把行李进行了安检。4. “w

18、ith +宾语+宾补”结构(l)with+名词/代词+现在分词。现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行。He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky.他躺在草地上，眼望着天空。(2)with +名词/代词+过去分词。过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成。With his hair cut, he looked much younger.理了发，他看起来年轻多了。(3)with +名词/代词+不定式。不定式表示动作尚未发生。切记：不定式在任何情况下都用主动形式， 表示被动意义。With a lot of homework to do, I cant

19、 go skating with you.因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰。【高频考点强化】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1While driving alone through the countryside, Linda saw an old woman by the side of the road, reaching out her hand. L was getting dark and raining. I can t leave her out in this weather/9 Linda said to herself so she s

20、topped the car.“ Shall I offer youLinda asked. The old woman nodded and climbed into the car. After a whileLinda asked, Have you waited for iong? The old woman shook her head.工_ (strange)enough, the old woman didnt say a single word all the way. Her only L (respond) was always a nod of the head or s

21、omething else like that.Then Linda saw the ladys hands, 5 were very large and covered with thick hair. She realized the lady was a man! After (stop) the car, Linda said, “cant see that mirror. Would you mind cleaning it 8. me?” The lady nodded and opened the door. As soon as the “lady” was out of th

22、e car, Linda drove off quickly.When Linda arrived home, she found that the old lady 幺_ (leave) a handbag on the backseat. She opened itand let out a deep breath. Inside it 10. two sharp knives.Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class 11. March 1st on movable type. This is 12. a

23、ncient Chinese printing system.The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province has introduced the course in the new term. An expert in Chinese characters culture has been invited to the campus, 13. major responsibility is to teach students how 14. (use) the ancient printing technology. Students at

24、tend lectures on the history of mova type along with 15. (interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, 16. (apply) the knowledge theyve learned. One student printed her 17. (new) written essay Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or

25、their parents?18. (know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing 19. (invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the worlds first system of movable type printing.The school said the course is aimed at improving the students9 awareness of C

26、hinese characters and their20. (appreciate) of Chinese culture.3Weve all turned to sad music to make us feel 21. (good)at some point in our lives, but why does doubling down on the sadness help drag us out of the mire(泥沼 )?A new study sheds light on whats going on inside our brains 22. we match our

27、music to our feelings. It looks like sad music can be enjoyable -rather than 23. (simple) depressing- because it triggers positive memories that can help to lift our mood. Psychologist Adrian North from Curtin University in Australia says there 24. (be)two groups of possible25. (explain)for why we e

28、njoy listening to sad music like this: one from social psychology, and one from cognitive neuroscience(认矢口神经学).In terms of social psychology, one way of 26. (think) about this is that we feel much better about 27. (we) if we focus on someone whos doing even worse, a process known as downward social

29、comparison. Everythings going to be okay, because this person 28. (have) an even worse day than you are.Another theory from social psychology is that people like to listen 29. music that mirrors the tone of their current life circumstances -the songs act as 30. sort of tuning fork(音叉)for our own sit

30、uations and they resonate(共鸣)with us.A lot of films have tried to describe our memories of family members who have passed away. But few have done as3L (remark) as Coco, Disney-Pixars latest animation, 32. hit the big screen on Nov. 24 and won theOscar in 2018.33. (inspire) by the Mexican holiday of

31、Day of the Dead, the films production team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his family to understand his love of music. An accident takes him to the Land of the Dead. While there, Miguel has34. unforgettable and adventurous night.Its in this magical world35. Miguel gets to meet and discover th

32、e truth about his great-great-grandpa. To protect him from 36. (disappear), Miguel has to bring his photo back to the living world as soon as possible.While told with a wild imagination, the story 37. (convey) a clear and warm message. In an era when young people are so easily attracted by 38. (cele

33、brity), Coco reveals the emptiness of such adulation (谄媚)，teaching kids 39. (preserve) and respect the memory of their elders while reminding them that the source of true creativity is so often 40. (person) J wrote reporter Peter Debruge on Variety.5Do you know how41. is when you see someone yawn an

34、d you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently its because we have mirror neurons (神经元)in our brains.42. (put) simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that 43. we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it, whether o

35、r not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about 44. we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes 45. (far)： mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand o

36、ther people.Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Recently, researchers 46. (find) that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discove

37、red that 47. they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: The hand took hold of the ball), the same mirror neurons were triggered 48. when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with be

38、havior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully 49. (function). However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.Research does mirror that neurons seems to provide us with

39、 even more information concerning how humans behave and interact. Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent for neuroscience of what Einsteins theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge 50. (cough) in the cinema when someone else does-well, perhaps youll understand

40、why.6In many films, whenever Earth faces a disaster, the 51. (solve) is always fleeing the planet52, spaceship. But now the Chinese sci-fi movie, The Wandering Earth 53. (offer) a different and 54. (encourage) idea. In the film, Earth is being destroyed by the dying sun. In response, humans around t

41、he world work together 55. (build) a giant engine system, 56. will push Earth away from the sun. Thisambition” didn*t come from nowhere. Up to now homeland” 57. (have) a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people. This special cultural background 58. (probable) makes The Wandering Earth dif

42、ferent from other films.The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was 59. time when many people had just made the hard journey back to 60. (they) hometowns. So there is only one possible way to tell the story： Earth goes wherever humans go,because ifs our home.7For the fi

43、rst time in the history of Peking Opera, four women performed a piece in the China National Peking Opera Company(CNPOC)productions61May 27th at Shanghais Majestic Theater. The Peking Opera performance was one of the 5162. ( produce)showed at the 12th China Art Festival in Shang-hai. The CNPOC brough

44、t together three stories63. (base)on events (luring the Red Arrays Long March.They are stories about the64. (brave)of the Red Army during the Long March, “says Song Chen, head of the CNPOC. In the play, you can see65. these soldiers do to sacrifice themselves to help others. People will be66. (deep)

45、touched by their faith and devotion.One of the stories is about three women soldiers67. (stay)fbr a night at a farmers home in a village. They sleep in the home of a local woman named Xu Jiexiu, and feel sorry for her poor living conditions. When they leave the next morning, a soldier uses a pair of

46、 scissors68. (cut)up the only quilt she has, leaving half of it for the village woman.Peking Opera styles69. (develop)over hundreds of years, 70, creates a wide range of roles each featuring distinctive methods of performance and singing styles.8There are four ways 71, which British and American English differ from each other. The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary. There are a few 72. (differ) in grammar, too. The British say Have you got.? 73Americans prefer Do you have.? The British use prepositions 74. Americans sometimes omit them