初中英语状语从句和练习题(含答案).docx

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1、状语从句的分类 一、时间状语从句时间状语从句表示时间，引导词有：when, while, as, till, until before, after, since等。时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同，要注意把握不同引导词所表示的不同时间关系， 以及它在具体句子中对应的时态、语态等问题。注意：as （在时候，因为），since （自从，因为），它们可以引导时间从句，并强调主句 和从句的动作同事发生。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如：（1） While my mother was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. （read 是延续性

2、的动 词，read和watch同事发生）I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球,而你喜欢打篮 球。（对比）（2） when （当的时候），引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。 从句动作可与主语动作同事发生，也可在其后发生。I was reading a book when she came into my room, （come 是瞬间动词，只能用 when 引导，不 能用while）I often missed my home when （while） I lived in NewY

3、ork. （live 是延续性动词，when 可用 while代替）（3） when和while的区别还在于：while引导的时间状语从句多用于进行时态,而when引导的 时间状语从句多用于一般时态。While they were talking, the bell rang.正在他们谈话的时候,上课铃响了。（4） as译作“一边一边”、“随着”，侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。有时可与 when, while 通用。We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边一边）As you grow, you will know more and more。随着年

4、龄的增长，你会懂得越来越多。2 . till或until引导的时间状语从句till, until （直到才）：一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。till 不可以在句首，而until可以放在句首。注意：如果主句中的的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续 性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。例如：I didn t go to bed until （till） my father came back,直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。（go to bed是瞬间动词，主句用否定形式）I talked until he came back.我工

5、作到他回来为止I didn，t work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前等我。3 . since引导的时间状语从句Since （自从）：引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，也可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下, 从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动作用现在完成时。但在It is+时间+since从句的句型 中，主句多用一般现在时。例如：I have been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开以来，我一直在北京。Where have you been since I la

6、st saw you?自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。4 .由before和after引导的时间状语从句注意：（1） before （在之前）：引导的从句不再用否定的谓语。（2）当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时。则主句 动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。（3） after （在之后）：表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。如果主句用的是过去时，则从 句多用过去完成时。例如：It will be four days b

7、efore they come back.他们要过四天才能回来My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去 加拿大了。After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了（从句用过去完 成时，主句用一般过去时）5 .由 as soon as , immediately, directly , instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute,等引导的时间状语从句:这些连词都表示“一就”。例如

8、：I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。The moment I heard the news, I went to the school.我一听到消息，马上赶到了学校。As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。注意 hardly （scarcely, rarely） when, before, no sooner than 相当于 as soon as 之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时态。当hardly, sca

9、rcely, rarely和no sooner位于句 首时，主句应用倒装语序。例如：Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in，我刚坐下，他就进来了。二、原因状语从句原因状语从句表原因，常见的引导词有：because （因为），since （既然），as （既然），for （因为）1. becausey引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，because表示直接原因，语气最强，回答 why引导的疑问句必须使用becauseoI do it because I like it.Why didn t he come yesterday?Because he ha

10、d something important to do.注意“notbecause结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句，例如：Thecountry is not strong because it is large.国强不在大.2. Since引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句之前，表示已知的、显然的理由。通常被翻译成“既 然”，较为正式，语气比because弱。Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics,既然今天你休息, 你最好帮我补习数学。3. as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方

11、已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较正式，位置 较灵活，常放于主句之前。As it is raining, you d better take a taxi,既然在下雨，你最好乘出租汽车。4. for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明， for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。He could not have seen me, for I was not there.他不可能见过我，因为我不在那里。三、条件状语从句引导条件句常用的连词有if （如果），unless （如果不，除非）等，条件状语从句和时间状语从 句一样，表

12、示将来要用一般现在时态。We won t let you in unless you show your pass.If you fail again this time, what will you do?（1） if引导的条件状语从句表示将来时，要用一般现在时代替，主句仍使用一般将来时态。（2）将if引导的宾语从句和状语从句进行混淆考查，宾语从句中的if表示“是否”，可以使 用一般将来时。四、让步状语从句让步状语从句表示“虽然，即使，尽管”。引导词有although, though, even though, even if 都表示“虽然，即使，尽管”之意。主句中不能用but,但可用yet

13、、Though和although语气较弱（其中的though比although通俗，不如although正式），even if和even though带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如：Although they are poor , they are happy yet.虽然他们很穷,但很快乐The article is very important though it is short.那篇文章虽然很短,但很重要。Even though it was raining, she walked to work.即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。I 11 visit him this evening

14、even if I can stay only a few minutes,今晚我将去拜访他, 即使我只能停留一小会儿。注意though引导的让步状语从句的用法比较特殊，它可以倒装，也可以不倒装。五、地点状语从句地点状语从句常由where和wherever引导，通常可置于主句之前或之后。如:We should go where (ver) we are most need如，我们要去最需要我们的地方。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。六、目的状语从句目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that引导，所引导的从句通常放在

15、主句后面。目的状 语从句中的谓语常含有may (might), can (could), shall ,will等情态动词。如：He always takes a seat in the first row so that/in order that he can hear better.=In order that he can hear better, he always takes a seat in the first row.为了听得 更清楚，他总是坐前排的座位。七、结果状语从句结果状语从句常由so that, sothat, suchthat等引导，放在主句之后，sothat与 s

16、uchthat句型在一定条件下可转换。如：He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.=He made so excellent a speech that everyone admired him.他的演讲如此精彩以至于每个人都很钦佩他。注意so that引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句的辨别so that从句之前有个逗号的常为结果状语从句，因表示某一行为带来的结果，从句中的时态常 为过去式；so that从句中有may (might) , can (could) , should, will等情态动词的通常是目的状语从

17、 句。如：I wrote as clearly as possible, so that I got high marks.(目的)我尽可能地写清楚些, 这样可以得高分。He went to the lecture early so that he could get a good seat.(目的)他很早就去听报 告了，以便可以找到一个好座位。He went to the lecture early, so that he got a good seat.(结果)他很早就去听报告了， 这样他就找到一个好座位。八、比较状语从句1 .比较状语从句常由asas, not so (as) , tha

18、n引导。比较从句部分常为省略句。如：His brother is as handsome as he (is)/him.(非正式英语中可用宾格him)他弟弟和他一 样英俊。He swims faster than any other student in his class (does) .他比班上其他任何人都游得快。2 .通常把the more the more结构也归为比较从句,意为：“越越”。如：The harder you work, the greater progress you 11 make.你越努力学习，就会取得越大 的进步。The less she worried, the

19、 better she worked.她担心得越少,就工作得越好。九、方式状语从句1 .方式状语从句常由（just） as （像），as if/though （好像）引导，表示动作的方式。如：Do exactly as the doctor says.一定要按照大夫的话去做。He walked slowly as if/though he had hurt his leg.他慢慢地走着，仿佛是腿受了伤。注：在非正式问题中有时会用like代替as引导方式从句。2 . as if/though引导的状语从句，若描述非事实情况，常用虚拟语气，若描述的是实际情况，用 陈述语气。如：She treats

20、 the orphan as if/though he was her own child.她对待孤儿就像是她自己的 孩子一样。（他是孤儿，当然就不是她亲生孩子，故用虚拟语气。）It looks as if/though it s going to rain.看起来天像是要下雨了。（本句用的是陈述语气, 说明天真象是要下雨了。）实战演练（2X50）计分：1. I don t know if it tomorrow , if it we won t go on a picnic.A. rains; rainsB. will rain; rainsC. will rain; will rain2.

21、 We can t go to the zoo the weather is fine tomorrow.A. unless B. ifC. because3. Just work hard, your dream will come true.A. butB. andC. or4. Don t cross the street the traffic lights are green.A. afterB. untilC. when5. they may not succeed, they will try their best.A. Though B. Because C. Unless6.

22、 We will have no water to dink we don t protect the earth.A. until B. before C. if7. Luckily, all the students got out of the teaching building if fell down.A.untilB.beforeC. after8. My grandma didn, t go sleep I got back home.A.whereB.untilC. as soonas9. Uncle Wang gave all his savings to the Hope

23、School he himself was not rich.A. becauseB. asifC. though10. You 11 do better you are more careful with your spelling.A . if B. before C. although11. The sports meeting will continue it rains this afternoon.A. if B. since C. unless12. I? 11 give her the message she comes back.A. till B. before C. as

24、 soon as13. Jim is going to be a doctor when he .A. will grow upB. growsupC. grow up14. Did you catch what the teacher said?No. She spoke so fast I couldn t hear her very clearly.A . whichB. thatC. when15. The teacher speaks very loudly all the students can hear her.A. so that B. because C. since16.

25、 Study hard, you will catch up with your classmates.A. andB. orC. but17. Several days has passed the terrible earthquake happened in Japan.A. afterB. sinceC. as18. It s raining outside. Don t leave it stops.A. When B. since C. until19. it s difficult to make her dream come true, but she never gives

26、up.A. ThoughB. /C. Because20. you go to the party, you will have a good time.A. IfB. ThoughC. Because21. Is WuDong at school today ?No, he is at homehe has a bad cold.A. WhenB. ThoughC. Because22 .There are many books on math in the bookshop that he can t decide which to choose.A. so B. too C. such2

27、3 . He got up early he could get to school on timeA. even thoughB. as if C. so that24. She isshortshe cant reach the buttons of the liftA . so, thatB. such, thatC. too, to25.Mum, whatdid the doctor say ?He askedme to livetheair is fresher.A. whereB. whenC.because26.The piano inthe other shop willbeA

28、. cheaper ;not as betterB.more cheap;not asbetterC. cheaper ;not as good27. All of us haven t seen Mikehe left ourcity.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.A. when B. until C. sincethey are poor, yet they are very honest.A. BecauseWhat wasWonderful.A. afterB. Although C. Whenthe party like?It s yearsB. before

29、Why do you want a new jobA. thatB. whereYou will be lateA. unlessB. untilI enjoyedC. sinceWe won t giveA. even ifupB. sincemyself so much.you got such a good one already?C. whenyou leave immediately.C. ifwe may fail ten times.C. whetherThe new secretaryA. will arriveis supposed toB. arrivesThe volle

30、yball match willA. will rainB.It rained heavily thatA.asB. toobe putrainsreport to the manager as soon as sheC. is arrivingoffif itC. rainedthey didnC. sooften visited Tian an Men Squarecome.I was staying in Beijing.37. He always thinks I m wrong,I may say.A. no matter whateverB. whateverC. what38.

31、the rain has stopped, let s continue to work.A. Because B. IfC. That39. They waited it was darkA. untilB for C. because40. You will catch a cold put on more clothes.A. if you don tB. if you will notC. until you41. We had hardly got to the station it began no rain.A. untilB. sinceC when42. They were

32、surprised that a child should work out the problem _they themselves couldn t.A. onceB. thenC. while43.My name is Robert,most of my friendscall me Bob for short.A. thenB. insteadC. however44. Hurry up,you will be late.A. andB. orC. but45. Several days has passedA . afterB. sinceC. asthe terrible eart

33、hquake happened in Japan.46. he is young, he knows a lot.A. ThoughB. /C. Because47. My friends always go shopping when .A. it is sunnyB. it will be sunnyC. it is rainingtaxi.48. We are not sure if the bus on time. If it on time , we will take aA. comes; doesn t come B. will come; won t comeC. will come; doesn t come49. Lucy came to the library earlyshe borrowed her favorite book.A. sinceB. forC. so that50. We couldnt get to school on timeit was raining heavily.A. because ofB. becauseC. though参考答案 15BABBA 610CBBCA 1115CCBBA 1620ABCBA21-25CACAA 2630CCBCC31 35AABBC 3640CBAAA 41 45CCCBC 4650AACCB