If和whether的区别含讲解习题答案.docx

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1、If和whether的区分if和whether都可译为、是否,二者引导宾语从句时通常可以相互 替换,口语中多用 if 代替 whether.例如:Ask if/whether he plans to come to the meeting.而以下几种状况中，只能用whether:1 .强调两方面的选择,特别是句中有or not时.如：Let me know whether you can come or not.2 .宾语从句前置时.如：Whether this is true, I canJ t say.3 .引导主语、表语、同位语从句时.如：Whether the football gam

2、e will be played depends on the weather.（主语从句）The question is whether he can do it. （表语从句）The question whether we should go with them must be decided at once.（同位语从句）4 .在介词之后作介词的宾语时.如：I haven、 t settled the question of whether I 11 go back home.5 .在不定式前及不定式一起组成词组时.如：Whether to go or stay is still a q

3、uestion.6 .在discuss, decide等动词后作宾语时.如：We discussed whether we should go there by plane.值得留意的是：if还可以引导条件状语从句，是假如；假如之 意，而whether可以引导让步状语从句，是不管；无论之意.如：If you ask him, he will help you.I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home.一、if或whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲,常放在动词ask、 see、say、know和find out等后面.一般状况

4、下，两者常可换用, 在口语中多用if.如：例 1 Nobody knows whether (if) it will rain tomorrow. 没有人 知道明天是否下雨.例 2 Lucy asked whether (if) they had a cotton sweater .露西 问他们是否有棉制的羊毛衣.二、if或whether引导宾语从句时，要留意三个方面，即连词、语序 和时态.1 if或whether不能和that或其它连词(副词)同时运用，也不能 省去.如：例3我不知道他今日是否会来.误I don t know that if (whether) he will come he

5、re today .正I don，t know if (whether) he will come here today .例4他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病.误He came to see what if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .IE He came to see if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .2 if或whether引导的宾语从句时，虽具有疑问意义,但从句语序应用陈述句语序.如：例 5 Did you know the way to the hospital ? The old wo

6、man asked me .The old woman asked me . if (whether) I knew the way to the hospital .老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路.3 if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一样.即主句为 一般现在时,从句用任一种时态；主句为一般过去时,从句则用过去时 中的任一种时态.如：例 6 I don t know if (whether) he has come here .我不知道 他是否来过这儿.例 7 Tom asked if (whether) I had read the book .汤姆问我是 否看过这本书.三

7、、三和whether的区分:1在动词不定式之前只能用whether .如：例8 I can t decide whether to stay.我不能确定是否留下.2在whether ornot的固定搭配中.如：例 9 I want to know whether it s good news or not . 我想知 道是否是好消息.3在介词后，只能用whether.如：例 10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担忧是否会失去工作.4宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether .如：例 11 Wheth

8、er they can finish the work on time is still a problem .他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题.5用if会引起歧义时，只用whether.如：例 12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ?这句话有两种意思：“你能告知我是否知道答案吗？”或“假如你知道答案,请告知我,好吗？” .如用whether可避开歧义.if和whether专题1) I dont care your car breaks down or not.2) This depends upon we are determined t

9、o do it.3) It depends on he is ready.4) I am not interested in you 11 come or not.5) We havent settled the question of we 11 renew oursupplies of coal for factory.6) He doesnt know to stay or not.7) I am not sure I 11 have time to go with you.8) She doesnJ t know to get married now or wait.9) I dont

10、 know or not they will come for our help.10) We discussed we should make a change in our plan.11) He considered he shouldnt tell her the secret.12) It is unknown he will come.13) I dont know they will come to help us.14) I am not certain the train will arrive on time.15) the news is true remains a q

11、uestion.16) What we want to know is he will come to speak tous tomorrow.17) The question is they can take our advice.18) Let me know you can t meet me at Jackson andThroop Streets Wednesday afternoon at two o clock.19) We were discussing we should discuss the businesswith them.20) The question we 11

12、 build another lecture hasntbeen settled.21) The question he 11 come is unknown.22)Tell me it is not going to rain, please.23) I don t care he doesn t show up.24) Please let me know you intend to come.25) Let me know he has left for Shanghai.3) whether4) whether5) whether6) whether7) whether/if8) whether9) whether10) whether11)if12)whether13) whether/if14)if/whether15) Whether16)whether17)whether18)if19)whether20) whether21)whether22) if24)whether25) whether