JonathanTepperman_2016T[乔纳森·特普曼][在危机中前行的政治].pdf
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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件The conventional wisdom about our world today is that thisis a time of terrible decline.关于当今世界的传统观点认为:这是一个急剧衰退的时代00:12And thats not surprising,given the bad news all around us,from ISIS to inequality,political dysfunction,climate change,而这也并不令人奇怪,考虑到我们身边无处不在的坏消息 从伊斯兰国到不平等 政治机能失调、气候变化00:
2、19Brexit,and on and on.英国脱欧等等等等00:28But heres the thing,and this may sound a little weird.但我是这么想的,而我的想法可能听起来有些奇怪00:31I actually dont buy this gloomy narrative,and I dont thinkyou should either.我对那些沮丧的观点并不买帐 并且我希望你们也一样00:35Look,its not that I dont see the problems.并不是说我没有看到那些问题00:40I read the same he
3、adlines that you do.我也跟你们看一样的头条00:43What I dispute is the conclusion that so many people drawfrom them,namely that were all screwed because theproblems are unsolvable and our governments are useless.我所质疑的是很多人从这些头条中得出的结论 即我们把一切都搞砸了 因为这些问题都无解 而我们的政府又没有用00:46Now,why do I say this?那么我为什么要说些呢?00:57Its no
4、t like Im particularly optimistic by nature.并不是说我生性特别的乐观00:58dysfunction:n.功能紊乱;机能障碍;官能不良/vi.功能失调;出现机能障碍;垮掉 on and on:继续不停地 gloomy:adj.黑暗的;沮丧的;阴郁的 narrative:n.叙述;故事;讲述/adj.叙事的,叙述的;叙事体的 unsolvable:adj.不能解决的;不能溶解的 bynature:天生地;生性But something about the medias constant doom-mongeringwith its fixation o
5、n problems and not on answers has alwaysreally bugged me.而是媒体的那种不断地执拗于问题 而不是解决之道的悲观论调 一直困扰着我01:02So a few years ago I decided,well,Im a journalist,I shouldsee if I can do any better by going around the world andactually asking folks if and how theyve tackled their bigeconomic and political challenge
6、s.因此几年前我决定 嗯,既然我是一名记者 那么我应该看看是否可以通过 周游世界并问问各地的人们他们是否并且是如何解决他们所面临的大的经济和政治挑战的来做得更好01:11And what I found astonished me.而我的发现震惊了我01:26It turns out that there are remarkable signs of progress outthere,often in the most unexpected places,and theyveconvinced me that our great global challenges may not be s
7、ounsolvable after all.原来已经有了很多显着的进步的迹象 并且经常是在那些出人意料的地方 而这也使我确信我们面临的那些重大全球挑战 也许并不是那么的完全无解01:29Not only are there theoretical fixes;those fixes have beentried.这里不仅仅有理论上的修复 这些修复已经被投入试验01:43Theyve worked.并且是起作用的01:47And they offer hope for the rest of us.这也为我们其他人提供了希望01:49Im going to show you what I mea
8、n by telling you about howthree of the countries I visited-Canada,Indonesia andMexico-overcame three supposedly impossible problems.接下来我将会展示我所要表达的意思 通过讲述这三个我访问过的国家 加拿大、印度尼西亚和墨西哥 是如何战胜那些理应无法解决的问题的01:52fixation:n.固定;定位;定影 bugged:adj.装有窃听器的/n.装窃听器;打扰;把弄糊涂;除虫(bug的过去分词)tackled:解决,处理,对付(tackle的过去式和过去分词)as
9、tonished:adj.吃惊的 remarkable:adj.卓越的;非凡的;值得注意的 fixes:n.菲克斯类(一种烈酒)/v.修理(fix的三单形式)hope for:希望,期待 Indonesia:n.印尼,印度尼西亚(东南亚岛国)overcame:v.克服(overcome的过去式)Their stories matter because they contain tools the rest of uscan use,and not just for those particular problems,but formany others,too.他们的故事很重要,因为中间包含着
10、可以为我们所用的工具 不仅仅是对于那些特定的问题 而且对于多数的其它问题也一样02:02When most people think about my homeland,Canada,today,if they think about Canada at all,they think cold,theythink boring,they think polite.如今当大多数人想到我的祖国加拿大 如果他们真的想到加拿大的话 他们会想到寒冷、会想到无聊、会想到礼貌02:13TED演讲者:Jonathan Tepperman|乔纳森特普曼演讲标题:The risky politics of pro
11、gress|在危机中前行的政治内容概要:Global problems such as terrorism,inequality and political dysfunction arent easy tosolve,but that doesnt mean we should stop trying.In fact,suggests journalist JonathanTepperman,we might even want to think riskier.He traveled the world to ask global leadershow theyre tackling ha
12、rd problems-and unearthed surprisingly hopeful stories that hesdistilled into three tools for problem-solving.全球性问题如恐怖主义、不平等和政治失能等都不容易解决,但并不代表我们要停止尝试。事实上,记者乔纳森特普曼建议,我匀们也许可以从更冒险的角度去思考。他周游世界请教教各地的领导人,问他们是如何克服难题的 并且发现了出人意料的希望故事,而他从这些故事中提取出了三个解决问题的工具。They think we say sorry too much in our funny accents
13、.他们还会想到我们用滑稽的口音不停的说“不好意思”02:22And thats all true.而这些也都是真的02:26(Laughter)Sorry.(笑声)不好意思02:28(Laughter)But Canadas also important because of itstriumph over a problem currently tearing many othercountries apart:immigration.(笑声)但是加拿大也是很重要的 因为它战胜了一个目前 正在撕裂其它许多国家的问题:移民02:30Consider,Canada today is among
14、the worlds mostwelcoming nations,even compared to other immigration-friendly countries.想想看,当今的加拿大是世界上最热情好客的国家之一 即使跟其它的移民友好型国家相比也毫不逊色02:41Its per capita immigration rate is four times higher thanFrances,and its percentage of foreign-born residents isdouble that of Sweden.它的人均移民率比法国要高四倍 而它的外国出生居民的比例 是
15、瑞典的两倍02:49triumph over:击败;得胜;成功 tearing:adj.撕裂的;痛苦的;猛烈的/v.撕开;裂开(tear的ing形式)immigration:n.外来移民;移居 capita:n.头数(尤指牲口)foreign-born:adj.在国外出生的 residents:n.居民;住院医生(resident的复数);房客Meanwhile,Canada admitted 10 times more Syrian refugeesin the last year than did the United States.同时,加拿大去年接收的 叙利亚难民 比美国要多十倍02:
16、58(Applause)And now Canada is taking even more.(掌声)并且现在加拿大正在接收更多的难民03:05And yet,if you ask Canadians what makes them proudest oftheir country,they rank multiculturalism,如果你问加拿大人 他们的国家最让他们感到骄傲的是什么 他们会将“多元文化”这个03:14a dirty word in most places,second,ahead of hockey.在很多地方都带有贬义的词语 排在第二位 领先于曲棍球03:22Hocke
17、y.曲棍球03:27(Laughter)In other words,at a time when other countries arenow frantically building new barriers to keep foreigners out,(笑声)换句话说,当其它国家都在 疯狂地建造新的障碍阻挡外国人时03:28Canadians want even more of them in.加拿大人却想要引进更多的外国人03:37Now,heres the really interesting part.然而真正有趣的是03:41Canada wasnt always like t
18、his.加拿大也不是一开始就这样的03:43Until the mid-1960s,Canada followed an explicitly racistimmigration policy.直到1960年代中期,加拿大都奉行着一个明显带有种族歧视的移民政策03:45Syrian:adj.叙利亚的;叙利亚人的;叙利亚语的/n.叙利亚人;叙利亚语 refugees:难民 multiculturalism:n.多元文化论hockey:n.曲棍球;冰球 at a time:一次;每次;在某时 frantically:adv.疯狂似地;狂暴地 barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier
19、的复数形式)foreigners:n.外国人;外地人(foreigner的复数)explicitly:adv.明确地;明白地 racist:n.种族主义者/种族主义的They called it White Canada,他们叫称之为“白色加拿大”03:52and as you can see,they were not just talking about thesnow.而如你所知,他们并不是在谈论冰雪03:54So how did that Canada become todays Canada?那么彼时的加拿大是如何变成今日的加拿大的呢?03:59Well,despite what m
20、y mom in Ontario will tell you,theanswer had nothing to do with virtue.嗯,不管我住在安大略省的妈妈会如何跟你说 但我想说的是这个答案跟美德没有半点关系04:05Canadians are not inherently better than anyone else.加拿大人并不是天生的就比其他人心要好04:09The real explanation involves the man who became Canadasleader in 1968,Pierre Trudeau,who is also the father
21、 of thecurrent prime minister.真正的答案涉及到那个在1968年成为加拿大领导人的男人 皮埃尔特鲁多,他也是加拿大现任总理的父亲04:13(Applause)The thing to know about that first Trudeau is thathe was very different from Canadas previous leaders.(掌声)关于老特鲁多我们需要了解的是 他跟加拿大之前的领导都不一样04:21He was a French speaker in a country long-dominated by itsEnglish e
22、lite.在一个长期被说英语的精英统治的国家,他却是说法语的04:29He was an intellectual.他是一个知识分子04:34He was even kind of groovy.他也是那种时髦的人04:36I mean,seriously,the guy did yoga.我是说真的,他还练瑜伽04:38as you can see:正如你所看到的;你是知道的 Ontario:n.安大略湖(北美五大湖之一)had nothing to do with:与无关inherently:adv.内在地;固有地;天性地 groovy:adj.槽的;绝妙的;时髦的 yoga:n.瑜珈(意
23、为“结合”,指修行);瑜珈术;联想可360翻转的平板电脑He hung out with the Beatles.他跟披头士们一起玩04:41(Laughter)And like all hipsters,he could be infuriating attimes.(笑声)跟所有的潮人一样,他有时候也会愤怒04:42But he nevertheless pulled off one of the most progressivetransformations any country has ever seen.然而他却开启了 一个在任何国家都没见过的激进的转变04:48www.XiYuS
24、锡育软件His formula,Ive learned,involved two parts.他的公式,我了解到,包含两个方面04:56First,Canada threw out its old race-based immigration rules,and it replaced them with new color-blind ones thatemphasized education,experience and language skillsinstead.首先,加拿大抛弃原有的基于种族的移民法规 代之以新的无肤色歧视的法规 转而强调教育、经验和语言技能04:58And what
25、 that did was greatly increase the odds thatnewcomers would contribute to the economy.而这就极大的提高了 新移民对经济做出贡献的可能性05:10Then part two,Trudeau created the worlds first policy ofofficial multiculturalism to promote integration and the ideathat diversity was the key to Canadas identity.另一方面,特鲁多创造出了世界上 第一个官方
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