2022年[新概念大学英语4课文翻译]新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记.docx

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1、2022年新概念大学英语4课文翻译新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记新概念英语作为一套世界著名的英语教程，以其全新的教学理念，好玩的课文内容和全面的技能训练，深受广阔英语学习者的欢迎和宠爱。为了便利同学们的学习，本站为大家整理了面的新概念其次册课文翻译及学习笔记，希望为大家的新概念英语学习供应帮助!新概念英语其次册第88课 Trapped in a mine 困在矿井里 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。Why is the rescue taking so long?Six men have been trapped i

2、n a mine for seventeen hours. If they are not brought to the surface soon they may lose their lives. However, rescue operations are proving difficult. If explosives are used, vibrations will cause the roof of the mine to collapse. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the

3、 mine. They intend to bring the men up in a special capsule. If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go. Meanwhile, a microphone, which was low

4、ered into the mine two hours ago, has enabled the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives. Though they are running out of food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that they will get out soon. They have been told that rescue operations are progressing smoothly. If they knew how di

5、fficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart. 6个人被困在矿井里已有17个小时了。假如不把他们尽快救到地面上来，他们就有可能丧生。然而，事实证明营救工作特别困难。假如用炸药爆破，振动会引起矿顶塌落。因此，营救人员在矿井的北侧钻了一个洞。他们打算用一种特制的容器把这6个人救上来。假如不是因为土壤下面有一层坚硬的岩石，他们的营救工作仅用几个小时就可以完成了。实际状况是，他们已连续钻了16个小时了，但离钻透还早着呢。与此同时，两个小时以前放下井去的一只麦克风使井下的人可以与其亲属保持联系。虽然他们的食物和饮

6、料都快消耗尽了，但这些人的心情很好，坚信他们很快就会出去。他们始终被告知营救工作进行得特别顺当。假如他们知道了钻透那坚硬的岩石有多么困难，他们会丢失信念的。 trap v. 陷入，使陷于逆境surface n. 地面，表面explosive n. 炸药vibration n. 振动collapse v. 坍塌drill v. 钻孔capsule n. 容器layer n. 层beneath prep. 在.之下lower v. 放下，降低progress v. 进展，进行smoothly adv. 顺当地 1.trap既可作动词也可作名词 n. 捕动物的器具或陷阱a mouse-trap老鼠夹

7、lay/set up a trap for.设置捉.陷阱caught in a trap 落入陷阱例句：The foxs leg was caught in a trap.狐狸的脚被捕兽夹夹住了。 n. 圈套，阴谋Ive told you it was a trap, it was intended for us!我早就告知过你这是个陷阱，这就是为我们俩设的局! v.陷入逆境be trapped 陷入逆境trap sb into sth/doing sth 用计捕获某人或使某人上当例句：They were trapped in the burning hotel.他们被困在着火的旅馆里。2.

8、mine 除了表示代词“我的”还可作名词表示“矿井，巷道，水雷”，或是动词“开矿，采矿”。a mine of information about/on sb/sth 学问的宝库;信息的源泉A good encyclopaedia is a mine of information.一部好的百科全书是一座学问宝库。3. lose ones life 丧生 save ones life 救命4. rescue operations are proving difficult.事实证明营救工作特别困难。rescue operations 营救工作系动词look, sound, feel, smell,

9、 taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep+形容词/名词构成系表结构His plan proved (to be) successful.他的安排很胜利。5. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.因此，营救人员正在矿井的北侧钻一个洞。therefore与so的区分therefore表示“因此”“所以”等。它是副词，在句子中的位置敏捷，它既可以独立运用，也可以位于动词或形容词前。

10、so表示“因此”“所以”时通常是连词。例如：He got yearend bonus several days ago, and he was therefore able to buy a car.因为前两天拿了年终奖，所以他买得起一辆车。=He got yearend bonus several days ago, therefore, he was able to buy a car.(therefore前后都可以有逗号，so后面通常不用逗号)He got yearend bonus several days ago, so he was able to buy a car.(so 表示

11、“所以”、“因此”时不放在动词前)6.If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours.假如不是因为土壤下面有一层坚硬的岩石，他们的营救工作仅用几个小时就可以完成了。上面这个句子是if引导条件状语从句表示虚拟语气。从句谓语动词形式表达的是跟事实相反的状况(假如不是因为土壤下面的一层坚硬岩石，事实是有这层岩石)，就会怎么样。虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 也就是说，虚拟语气的几种常见用法是：表示和现在事实相反的假设：条件句用

12、动词的过去式，但be (包括There be) 各人称一律用were; 主句则用should/ would /could/ might+动词原形。表示与过去事实相反的假设：条件句用动词的过去完成时(had +过去分词);主句则用would + have +过去分词。表示与将来事实相反的假设：条件句用should+动词原形或动词过去式，或were to+动词原形，主句的谓语则用should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形。以下分别举例说明：If I were you, I would tell her the truth.假如我是你，我就告知她事实真相。If you had

13、 followed my advice, you would have got the ticket.你要是当时听我的，现在就拿到票了。If it should snow tomorrow, I would stay at home.假如明天下雪的话我就呆在家里。7. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.实际状况是，他们已连续钻了16个小时了，但离钻透还早着呢。as it is 事实上，事实上(也可以用as it was)。I thought she h

14、ad finished the book. As it was, she had just read a few pages.我以为她把这本书看完了，事实上她只看了几页。I intended to go home tomorrow. As it is, I have some extra work tomorrow.我原来准备明天回家，但事实上明天我还要加班。have a long way to go 路还长着呢;离还早To realize common prosperity, we still have a long way to go.要实现共同富有，我们还有一段路。have been d

15、rilling for sixteen hourshave been doing 是现在完成进行时，其功能主要有三种。a. 表示从过去某时起先，始终持续到现在的动作，并且还将接着下去。比如文中句子，钻洞已经持续了16个小时，但还将接着下去。b. 表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作。We have been waiting for you for two hours.我们都等你俩小时了。c. 表示从过去起先持续到现在，包括现在在内反复发生的动作。例如：She has been playing the piano since 6 years old.她从6岁起先就在弹钢琴。8. .has enabl

16、ed the men to keep in touch with their closest relatives.前缀en-加在名词或形容词前可以使这个词成为动词，如endanger (危及，使遭遇危急)，enlarge(扩大，扩展，扩充)，enslave(奴役，使成为奴隶)，entrap(使.入陷阱/圈套，欺瞒)。keep in touch with 表示“与.保持联系”，等同于stay in touch with。 get in touch with sb. 与取得联系Remeber to keep in touch with us when you are abroad.去国外了记得跟我

17、们保持联络。9. run out of=use up用完，耗尽lose heart 为固定搭配，表示“丢失信念/志气”、“泄气”、“灰心”。新概念英语其次册第89 A slip of the tongue 口误 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。Who made the only funny joke that evening and why?People will do anything to see a free show - even if it is a bad one. When the news got r

18、ound that a comedy show would be presented at our local cinema by the P. and U. Bird Seed Company, we all rushed to see it. We had to queue for hours to get in and there must have been several hundred people present just before the show began. Unfortunately, the show was one of the dullest we have e

19、ver seen. Those who failed to get in need not have felt disappointed, as many of the artistes who should have appeared did not come. The only funny things we heard that evening came from the advertiser at the beginning of the programme. He was obviously very nervous and for some minutes stood awkwar

20、dly before the microphone. As soon as he opened his mouth, everyone burst out laughing. We all know what the poor man should have said, but what he actually said was: This is the Poo and Ee Seed Bird Company. Good ladies, evening and gentlemen! 人们总要想尽方法看不花钱的演出哪怕是拙劣的演出。当“皮尤”鸟食公司将在我们当地影院演出喜剧节目的消息传开后，我

21、们都抓紧跑去观看。我们不得不排了好几个小时才进得场去。在演出起先前场内确定已有好几百人了。不幸的是，这次演出是我们看过的最乏味的演出了。那些没能进到场内的人没有必要感到悲观，因为许多应当出场的专业演员都没有来。那天晚上好玩的事情是节目起先时那个报幕员的开场白。他明显特别惊慌，局促担心地在麦克风前站了好几分钟。但他刚一开口说话，人们便哄堂大笑起来。我们都明白那个可怜的人应当说些什么，而他实际说的却是：“这是浦伊鸟食公司，好女士们，晚上和先生们!” slip n. 小错误comedy n. 喜剧present v. 演出;adj. 出席，到场的queue v. 排队dull adj. 枯燥，无味a

22、rtiste n. 艺人advertiser n. 报幕员 1.a slip of the tongue 说走了嘴，失言slip 表示“不经心的错误”、“失误”、“疏漏”When I get nervous, I would sometimes make a slip of tongue.当我惊慌时，有时候我会出现些口误。2.When the news got round that a comedy show would be presented at our local cinema by the P. and U. Bird Seed Company, we all rushed to s

23、ee it.当“皮尤”鸟食公司将在我们当地影院演出喜剧节目的消息传开后，我们都抓紧跑去观看。when 引导的这个时间状语从句，而the news that.是这个同位语从句，news即指后面的a comedy show would be.。这里是时间状语从句里面嵌套了一个同位语从句。因为that引导的同位语从句较长，所以将之放在谓语动词之后，与它所修饰的news隔开，以免句子头重脚轻。同位语从句中用到了被动语态的过去将来时形式(would be presented)。get round 在这里表示“消息传开来”，另外，还可表示走动;旅行;劝服;避开People were horrified w

24、hen the news got round that the bank robber was hiding in this city.当银行抢劫犯躲藏于此的消息传开时人们都吓坏了。present 含义丰富n. 礼物，现在adj. 出席的，现在的，当前的，存在的v. 提出，赠送，呈现在上面的句子里则是作动词表示“呈现，展示”。The snow here presents a peaceful atmosphere.这里的雪景让人感觉很平和。Some members of the association are not present at the meeting.一些会员没有到会。rush t

25、o 奔赴;火速赶往;急着做When hearing her idol is coming, she rushed to see him.当听到她偶像前来的消息时，她火速冲出去见他。3.We had to queue for hours to get in.我们不得不排了好几个小时才进得场去。queue n. 长队，行列queue time 等待时间，排队时间不及物动词 排队She has to queue for the bus every morning.她每天早上都得排队等公共汽车。(通常与for 连用)get in 进入，参与，到达，设法做4. Those who failed to g

26、et in need not have felt disappointed, as many of the artistes who should have appeared did not come.那些没能进到场内的人没有必要感到悲观，因为许多应当出场的专业演员都没有来。Those who failed to get in need not have felt disappointed这是个定语从句，先行词those，关系代词who引导的定语从句修饰those。disappointed adj. 令人悲观的 用来修饰人，相对应地 disappointing adj. 悲观的 用来修饰物ne

27、ednt have done 原来不须要做什么事但实际却做了should have done 本应当做什么事事实上却没做e.g. I neednt have bought this book, it didnt help me.我原来不该买这本书的，它对我一点儿用也没有。I shouldnt have shouted at her.我真不该对她吼的。5.As soon as he opened his mouth, everyone burst out laughing.但他刚一开口说话，人们便哄堂大笑起来。as soon as. 一就意思相当于A事情发生了，就做B这件事。口语和书面语当中通用

28、，在句子中的位置比较敏捷。与hardlywhen和no soonerthan意思接近。I gave my mother a call as soon as I got off the train.我一下火车就给我妈妈打电话了。no soonerthan 一般用于描述过去的事情，不能表示将来，且no sooner后面的成分要倒装。例如：No sooner had the concert started, it began to rain heavily.演唱会刚起先天空就下起了暴雨。hardlywhen一般用于过去完成时，有时when可改为before。Hardly had she steppe

29、d into the room when the door bell rang.她还没踏进房门就听到门铃响了。burst out+doingburst into+n.Suddenly, people burst out laughing.突然，人群中爆发出一阵笑声。新概念英语其次册第90课 Whats for supper? 晚餐吃什么? First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。What kind of fish are they?Fish and chips has always been a favourite dish

30、 in Britain, but as the oceans have been overfished, fish has become more and more expensive. So it comes as a surprise to learn that giant fish are terrifying the divers on North Sea oil rigs. Oil rigs have to be repaired frequently and divers, who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet unde

31、r water, have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work. Now they have had special cages made to protect them from these monsters. The fish are not sharks or killer whales, but favourite eating varieties like cod and skate which grow to unnatural sizes, sometimes

32、 as much as twelve feet in length. Three factors have caused these fish to grow so large: the warm water round the hot oil pipes under the sea; the plentiful supply of food thrown overboard by the crews on the rigs; the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs. As a result, the fish just e

33、at and eat and grow and grow in the lovely warm water. Who eats who? 油煎鱼加炸土豆片始终是英国人宠爱的一道菜，但是随着海洋里的滥捕滥捞，鱼已经变得越来越昂贵。因此，听说北海石油钻井平台上的潜水员受到巨型鱼类的恐吓，的确很让人惊讶。钻井平台须要常常修理，潜水员经常要在水面100英尺以下摸黑工作，他们曾在工作时被撞到他们身上的大鱼吓得惊惶失措。现在他们有了特制的笼子，用来爱护他们免受大鱼的侵袭。这些鱼并不是鲨鱼或逆戟鲸，而是深受人们宠爱的食用鱼品种，如鳕鱼和鳐鱼，只不过它们长得稀奇地大，有时长达12英尺。这些鱼能长得这么大是由3

34、个因素造成的：海底热的输油管道旁边的暖和的海水;钻井平台工作人员抛到海里足够的食物;钻井平台四周根本没有捕鱼船只。结果是，这些鱼就在可爱的暖和的水流中吃呀吃，长呀长。原委谁吃谁呢? chip n. 油煎土豆片overfish v. 过度捕捞giant adj. 巨大的terrify v. 吓，使恐怖diver n. 潜小员oil rig 石油钻塔wit n. (复数)理智，头脑cage n. 笼shark n. 鲨鱼whale n. 鲸variety n. 品种cod n. 鳕wskate n. 鳐factor n. 因素crew n. 全体工作人员 1. Fish and chips has

35、 always been a favourite dish in Britain油煎鱼加炸土豆片始终是英国人宠爱的一道菜。fish and chips 油煎鱼加炸土豆片 这是英国的一种家常菜，被看做是一盘菜，因此要用has。2. divers, who often have to work in darkness a hundred feet under water, have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work.潜水员经常要在水面100英尺以下摸黑工作，他们曾在工作时被撞

36、到他们身上的大鱼吓得惊惶失措。这是个非限定性定语从句，对主句中的名词进行补充说明，因此这个从句与主句用逗号隔开。be frightened out of their wits 被吓昏了，被吓得惊惶失措。out of ones wits表示“失去理智”、“惊惶失措”e.g. She was frightened out of wits by the gunshot outside door.她被门外的枪声吓得惊惶失措。bump into 无意中遇到，碰上It is social etiquette to say sorry when you bump into somebody.无意间碰撞别人要

37、说“对不起”，这是社交礼节。3. Now they have had special cages made to protect them from these monsters.现在他们有了特制的笼子，用来爱护他们免受大鱼的侵袭。have为使役动词，表示“使”，have+名词或宾格代词+动词的过去分词表示“使某物成一种的状态”I had my bike repaired yesterday.昨天我把自行车修好了。protect sth. from/against 爱护某物不受的侵害This medicine will protect you against cold.这种药能帮你预防感冒。4

38、. favourite eating varieties 深受宠爱的食用的品种eating既可以作动词eat的现在分词，其本身也可以作形容词，表示“可食用的;进餐用的”These are eating vegetables.这些都是可生吃的蔬菜。5. which grow to unnatural sizes, sometimes as much as twelve feet in length.只不过它们长得稀奇地大，有时长达12英尺。grow to 长成;增长至as much as 多达 后面既可加表示详细活模糊的数量，又可指程度或常常性。例如：表数量：They spent as much

39、 as 1 million dollars for the wedding.他们的婚礼耗费一百万美元之巨。表程度Im sorry I havent done as much as I promised.很愧疚我没有做到承诺的那么多。表频率：Do you go shopping as much as you did when abroad.你还像在国外一样常常出去购物血拼吗?6. the warm water round the hot oil pipes under the sea; the plentiful supply of food thrown overboard by the cr

40、ews on the rigs; the total absence of fishing boats around the oil rigs.海底热的输油管道旁边的暖和的海水;钻井平台工作人员抛到海里足够的食物;钻井平台四周根本没有捕鱼船只。几个常见短语我们来学习一下under the sea 海底下 深海底supply of sth. 某物的供应absence of 缺少;不存在7. as a result 结果是He lost his ID card, as a result, he cant board a train.他把身份证丢了，结果上不了火车了。第20页 共20页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页