MarcoAnnunziata_2013S[马可.安农齐亚塔][欢迎来到物联网时代].pdf

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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件(Applause)Thank you.(Applause)Einstein said that I neverthink about the future?it comes soon enough.(掌聲)謝謝大家(掌聲)爱因斯坦曾说过:“我从来不去想未来,因为它来得已经够快的了。”745326And he was right,of course.当然,他说得对。00:17So today,Im here to ask you to think of how the future ishappening now.今天我站在这里就是要让大家思考 未来如何正在我们眼前展

2、开。00:19Over the past 200 years,the world has experienced twomajor waves of innovation.在过去的200年里,人类经历了 两波巨大的创新。00:25First,the Industrial Revolution brought us machines andfactories,railways,electricity,air travel,and our lives havenever been the same.第一波是工业革命 给我们带来了机器、工厂、铁路、电能、飞机,从此我们的生活大不相同。00:29The

3、n the Internet revolution brought us computing power,data networks,unprecedented access to information andcommunication,and our lives have never been the same.最近的互联网革命 给我们带来了强大的运算能力、数据网络、和史无前例的获取信息和进行沟通的能力,和史无前例的获取信息和进行沟通的能力,从此我们的生活大不相同。00:39Now we are experiencing another metamorphic change:theindu

4、strial Internet.如今,我们正在期待 另一场质的变化:物联网。00:52It brings together intelligent machines,advanced analytics,and the creativity of people at work.它将不同的智能机器、先进的分析技术、和人类的创造力结合在一起,进行工作。00:58Its the marriage of minds and machines.它是大脑和机器的结合。01:05innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法 factories:n.工厂,车厂(factory复数形式)unprecedente

5、d:adj.空前的;无前例的metamorphic:adj.变质的;变性的;变态的 analytics:n.化学数分析学;解析学And our lives will never be the same.从此我们的生活将大不相同。01:08In my current role,I see up close how technology isbeginning to transform industrial sectors that play a hugerole in our economy and in our lives:energy,aviation,transportation,heal

6、th care.我目前的工作使我可以近距离地看到 科技正在改变 那些在我们的经济和生活中 扮演了重要角色的工业部门,比如能源、航空、交通、医疗保健等等。01:10For an economist,this is highly unusual,and its extremelyexciting,because this is a transformation as powerful as theIndustrial Revolution and more,and before the IndustrialRevolution,there was no economic growth to spe

7、ak of.对一个经济学家来说,这是非比寻常 更是让人极度兴奋的,因为这是和工业革命一样强大 甚至更强大的转型,在工业革命之前,完全无经济增长可言。01:26So what is this industrial Internet?那么这个物联网究竟是什么？01:40Industrial machines are being equipped with a growingnumber of electronic sensors that allow them to see,hear,feel a lot more than ever before,generating prodigiousamo

8、unts of data.工业机器正被装上 越来越多的传感器,这使得它们能够具备视觉、听觉和其它感觉 比以前强大多了,它们可以产生惊人的数据量。01:43Increasingly sophisticated analytics then sift through thedata,providing insights that allow us to operate themachines in entirely new ways,a lot more efficiently.接着日益成熟的分析技术 对这些数据进行过滤,从而给我们提供了 全新的、更有效率的 操作机器的方法。01:56sector

9、s:n.部门;分区;扇区数(sector的复数)/v.把划成扇形;把分成部分(sector的三单形式)equipped:v.装备;预备(equip的过去分词);整装 sensors:n.自传感器,感应器;感测器(sensor的复数)generating:adj.产生的;生成的/n.产生;发生/v.计生成;引起(generate的现在分词)prodigious:adj.惊人的,异常的,奇妙的;巨大的 sophisticated:adj.复杂的；精致的；久经世故的；富有经验的/v.使变得世故；使迷惑；篡改(sophisticate的过去分词形式)sift:vt.筛选;撒;过滤;详查/vi.筛;详查

10、;撒下;细究 insights:n.洞察力;眼力;深刻见解(insight的复数)efficiently:adv.有效地;效率高地(efficient的副词形式)And not just individual machines,but fleets of locomotives,airplanes,entire systems like power grids,hospitals.不仅仅是单一的机器,还有整列火车、飞机、甚至整个电网、医院等等。02:07It is asset optimization and system optimization.它可以做到资源和系统的最优化。02:15Of

11、 course,electronic sensors have been around for sometime,but something has changed:a sharp decline in the cost当然,传感器 已经存在了一段时间了,但是不同的是,感应器价格的急剧下降 还有多亏了云计算的发展,储存和处理数据的价格 大大下降了。02:19TED演讲者：Marco Annunziata|马可.安农齐亚塔演讲标题：Welcome to the age of the industrial internet|欢迎来到物联网时代内容概要：Everyone.s talking abou

12、t the Internet of Things,but what exactly does that meanfor our future?In this thoughtful talk,economist Marco Annunziata looks at how technology istransforming the industrial sector,creating machines that can see,feel,sense and react-sothey can be operated far more efficiently.Think:airplane parts

13、that send an alert when theyneed to be serviced,or wind turbines that communicate with one another to generate moreelectricity.It.s a future with exciting implications for us all.每个人都在讨论物联网，究竟这对我们的未来意味着什么?在这个发人深思的演讲中，经济学家马可.安农齐亚塔讲述了技术如何改变工业，那些能够看、感觉和反应的机器正被创造出来，也因此提高了效率。想象一下:会自动发送维护提醒的飞机部件，会互相沟通并产生更

14、多电的风力涡轮机。这是一个会给我们每个人都带来激动人心的变化的未来。time,but something has changed:a sharp decline in the costof sensors and,thanks to advances in cloud computing,arapid decrease in the cost of storing and processing data.展,储存和处理数据的价格 大大下降了。02:19So we are moving to a world where the machines we workwith are not just

15、intelligent;they are brilliant.所以我们正进入这样一个世界:那里与我们打交道的机器 不仅聪明,而且绝顶聪明。02:36They are self-aware,they are predictive,reactive and social.它们能感知自我,有预测能力,反应迅速,可以社交。02:44Its jet engines,locomotives,gas turbines,medical devices,communicating seamlessly with each other and with us.飞机引擎、火车、燃气轮机、医疗器械可以互相之间、以及和

16、我们流畅地沟通。02:50fleets:n.军舰队(fleet的复数)/v.掠过(fleet的第三人称单数形式)locomotives:n.铁路机车;铁路火车头(locomotive的复数)airplanes:n.(美)航飞机(airplane的复数)grids:n.数网格(grid的复数形式);栅格 asset:n.资产;优点;有用的东西;有利条件;财产;有价值的人或物 optimization:n.最佳化,最优化 storing:n.储存;保管/v.储存;供应(store的ing形式)/adj.存储的self-aware:adj.有自知之明的 predictive:adj.预言性的;成为前

17、兆的 reactive:adj.反应的;电抗的;反动的 turbines:n.动力涡轮;动力涡轮机(turbine的复数);动力汽轮机 seamlessly:adv.无缝地Its a world where information itself becomes intelligent andcomes to us automatically when we need it without havingto look for it.在这个世界,信息变得 如此聪明,它会在我们 需要它的时候自动出现,而不需要我们去寻找。02:59We are beginning to deploy througho

18、ut the industrialsystem embedded virtualization,multi-core processortechnology,advanced cloud-based communications,a newsoftware-defined machine infrastructure which allowsmachine functionality to become virtualized in software,decoupling machine software from hardware,and allowingus to remotely and

19、 automatically monitor,manage andupgrade industrial assets.我们已经开始在 整个工业系统中进行部署 嵌入式虚拟化技术,多核处理器技术,先进的基于云的通信技术,新的软件定义的机器基础设施 这使得机器 成为虚拟化软件,使机器的软件和硬件脱钩,并允许我们远距离地、自动地 监测、管理以及升级工业设备。03:08Why does any of this matter at all?这些与我们有任何关系吗？03:40Well first of all,its already allowing us to shift towardspreventiv

20、e,condition-based maintenance,which meansfixing machines just before they break,without wasting timeservicing them on a fixed schedule.首先,它已经使我们 能够转向预防性的、基于条件的机器维护,也就是在机器即将坏掉之前 就把它修理好,而不是浪费时间 按照固定日程进行检修。03:43automatically:adv.自动地;机械地;无意识地/adj.不经思索的 embedded:adj.嵌入式的;植入的;内含的/v.嵌入(embed的过去式和过去分词形式)pro

21、cessor:n.计处理器;处理程序;加工者 functionality:n.功能;数泛函性,函数性 decoupling:n.去耦/v.去耦(decouple的现在分词)remotely:adv.遥远地;偏僻地;(程度)极微地,极轻地 upgrade:vt.使升级;提升;改良品种/n.升级;上升;上坡/adv.往上/adj.向上的 assets:n.资产;宝贵的人材;有益的品质;经财产;有利条件(一项)财物;资产(asset的名词复数);(商店,破产者等的)财产;遗产;有价值的人或物 first of all:adv.首先 preventive:n.预防药;预防法/adj.预防的,防止的 s

22、ervicing:n.维修/v.为服务(service的ing形式)And this,in turn,is pushing us towards zero unplanneddowntime,which means there will be no more poweroutages,no more flight delays.而这意味着 零计划外故障时间,也就是说,再也不会停电、再也不会有飞机延误。03:58So let me give you a few examples of how these brilliantmachines work,and some of the example

23、s may seem trivial,some are clearly more profound,but all of them are going tohave a very powerful impact.那么让我给大家举几个 这些绝顶聪明的机器如何运作的例子,有些例子可能看上去微不足道,有些看上去则明显更深远,但是所有的都会产生非常巨大的影响。04:09Lets start with aviation.让我们从航空业开始。04:20Today,10 percent of all flights cancellations and delays aredue to unscheduled

24、 maintenance events.现今,10%的航班 取消或延误 是由于临时的维护事件。04:22Something goes wrong unexpectedly.突然有个部分出问题了。04:30This results in eight billion dollars in costs for the airlineindustry globally every year,not to mention the impact onall of us:stress,inconvenience,missed meetings as we sithelplessly in an airpor

25、t terminal.每年全球的航空业要因此 遭受80亿美元的损失,更不用提这些事件对我们的影响了:压力,不方便,无助地坐在机场航站楼,眼睁睁地错过会议。04:32unplanned:adj.意外的;在计划外的;未经筹划的 downtime:n.(工厂等由于检修,待料等的)停工期;电子故障停机时间outages:n.储运损耗;中断供应;运行中断 cancellations:n.取消;删除 unscheduled:adj.事先未安排的;不按计划的unexpectedly:adv.出乎意料地,意外地 not to mention:更不必说;不必提及 inconvenience:n.不便;麻烦/vt

26、.麻烦;打扰helplessly:adv.无助地;无能为力地So how can the industrial Internet help here?那物联网在此能起到什么作用呢？04:46Weve developed a preventive maintenance system whichcan be installed on any aircraft.我们开发了一套预防性的维护系统,它可以被安装在任何一架飞机上。04:50Its self-learning and able to predict issues that a humanoperator would miss.它有自学的能力

27、,能否预测 容易被人类操作员忽视的问题。04:54The aircraft,while in flight,will communicate withtechnicians on the ground.飞机在飞行过程中,会跟地面的技术人员保持沟通。05:01By the time it lands,they will already know if anything needs等到降落的时候,他们就已经知道 是否有任何部分需要维护。05:05By the time it lands,they will already know if anything needsto be serviced.需

28、要维护。05:05Just in the U.S.,a system like this can prevent over 60,000delays and cancellations every year,helping seven millionpassengers get to their destinations on time.仅在美国,这样一个系统就可以预防 每年超过6万次的延误和取消,帮助700万的乘客 准时到达他们的目的地。05:10Or take healthcare.再以医疗行业为例:05:22Today,nurses spend an average of 21 minu

29、tes per shiftlooking for medical equipment.今天,护士们平均要花 每轮21分钟 寻找医疗设备。05:23That seems trivial,but its less time spent caring for patients.这看上去微不足道,但这却让病人得到照顾的时间变少了05:29St.Lukes Medical Center in Houston,Texas,which hasdeployed industrial Internet technology to electronicallymonitor and connect patient

30、s,staff and medical equipment,has reduced bed turnaround times by nearly one hour.位于德克萨斯休斯敦的圣路加医疗中心 已经利用了物联网技术 来监测,以及连接 病人、工作人员和医疗设备,这使得其床位周转时间 减少了近一个小时。05:36aircraft:n.飞机,航空器 communicate with:沟通;通话 technicians:n.劳经技术员(technician的复数);工作人员serviced:v.服务(service的过去分词);保养;维修 destinations:n.目的地,终点;抵达站(de

31、stination的复数形式)healthcare:n.医疗保健;健康护理,健康服务;卫生保健 deployed:v.部署(deploy的过去式);展开 electronically:adv.电子地turnaround:n.转变;转向;突然好转;回车道If you need surgery,one hour matters.如果你急需做手术,一个小时很重要。05:51It means more patients can be treated,more lives can besaved.这意味着更多的病人可以得到治疗,更多的生命可以被拯救。05:54Another medical center

32、,in Washington state,is piloting anapplication that allows medical images from city scannersand MRIs to be analyzed in the cloud,developing betteranalytics at a lower cost.另一个在华盛顿州的医疗中心,正在试验一项应用,这项应用使得 CT扫描和核磁共振的结果 能够在云端进行分析,分析的效果更好 价格也更低。05:59Imagine a patient who has suffered a severe trauma,andne

33、eds the attention of several specialists:a neurologist,acardiologist,an orthopedic surgeon.想象一下 一位刚刚遭受了重创的病人,他需要多个领域专家的会诊:神经科医师,心脏病专家,整形外科医生。06:14If all of them can have instantaneous and simultaneousaccess to scans and images as they are taken,they will beable to deliver better healthcare faster.如果

34、他们可以即时地在同一时间看到 扫描结果和图像,他们就能够提供更好更快的医疗。06:23So all of this translates into better health outcomes,but it canalso deliver substantial economic benefits.所有的这些都意味着更好的健康,同时还可以产生可观的经济效益。06:34piloting:n.领港;近岸航行法;地标领航;半工厂性检查/v.驾驶(pilot的ing形式);领航 scanners:n.电子扫描器(scanner的复数)trauma:n.外科创伤(由心理创伤造成精神上的异常);外伤 sp

35、ecialists:n.专家(specialist的复数);专科医生;特种经纪人neurologist:神经学家;神经科专门医师 cardiologist:n.心脏病学家;心脏病科医师 orthopedic:adj.整形外科的(等于orthopaedic)instantaneous:adj.瞬间的；即时的；猝发的 simultaneous:adj.同时的；联立的；同时发生的/n.同时译员Just a one-percent reduction in existing inefficiencies couldyield savings of over 60 billion dollars to

36、the healthcareindustry worldwide,and that is just a drop in the seacompared to what we need to do to make healthcareaffordable on a sustainable basis.现有的低效率仅减少1%就可以节约全球医疗行业600亿美元,而这只是沧海一粟,要打造价格实惠的可持续的医疗,我们需要做的还有很多。06:40www.XiYuS锡育软件Similar advances are happening in energy,includingrenewable energy.同

37、样的技术进步也正被能源行业发生着,包括可再生能源。06:58Wind farms equipped with new remote monitorings anddiagnostics that allow wind turbines to talk to each otherand adjust the pitch of their blades in a coordinated way,depending on how the wind is blowing,can now produceelectricity at a cost of less than five cents per k

38、ilowatt/hour.装有新的遥控监测和诊断的风电场,风力涡轮机之间可以互相沟通 并根据风的情况协调 调整其叶片的角度,现在每产生一度电 成本可以降低到5美分07:02Ten years ago,that cost was 30 cents,six times as much.十年前,这需要30美分,是现在的6倍。07:21The list goes on,and it will grow fast,because industrial dataare now growing exponentially.其他的例子还有很多,并在不断增加,因为物联网的数据正以指数型增长。07:25By 20

39、20,they will account for over 50 percent of all digitalinformation.到2020年,物联网产生的数据会占到 电子数据总量的50%以上。07:30inefficiencies:无能 affordable:adj.负担得起的 sustainable:adj.可以忍受的；足可支撑的；养得起的；可持续的renewable:adj.可再生的;可更新的;可继续的/n.再生性能源 diagnostics:n.诊断学(用作单数)blades:n.机刀片(blade的复数);机刀刃;扁叉 coordinated:vt.调整;使调和(coordina

40、te的过去分词);调节;整理/adj.协调的 exponentially:adv.以指数方式 account for:对负有责任;对做出解释;说明的原因;导致;(比例)占But this is not just about data,so let me switch gears and tellyou how this is impacting already the jobs we do every day,because this new wave of innovation is bringing about newtools and applications that will all

41、ow us to collaborate in asmarter and faster way,making our jobs not just more但这不仅仅是关于数据,下面我要跟大家说说这已经正在影响 我们每天做的工作,因为这新一波的创新 给我们带来了新的工具和应用,使我们能够更聪明 更快地合作,不仅让我们的工作更有效率,也更有价值。07:36smarter and faster way,making our jobs not just moreefficient but more rewarding.Imagine a field engineer arriving at the w

42、ind farm with ahandheld device telling her which turbines need servicing.想象一下一个来到风电场的现场工程师,她带着一个手持式装置,她已经知道 哪个涡轮需要维护。07:57She already has all the spare parts,because the problemswere diagnosed in advanced.她已经带来了所有需要的部件,因为问题已经事先被诊断过了。08:04And if she faces an unexpected issue,the same handhelddevice w

43、ill allow her to communicate with colleagues at theservice center,let them see what she sees,如果她碰到了意料之外的问题,这个手持式装置使得她可以 和在服务中心的同事沟通,让他们看见现场,08:08transmit data that they can run through diagnostics,andthey can stream videos that will guide her,step by step,through whatever complex procedure is needed

44、 to get themachines back up and running.给他们发送用于诊断的数据,然后他们可以现场视频指导她,一步一步,不管程序多复杂,最终修好机器并使其成功运转。08:17gears:n.机齿轮,机传动装置(gear的复数形式)/v.以齿轮连起,安排(gear的三单形式)impacting:力冲击/力撞击/物碰撞(impact的现在分词)collaborate:vi.合作;勾结,通敌 handheld:adj.掌上型;手持型 diagnosed:v.诊断;被诊断为(diagnose的过去分词)run through:跑着穿过;浏览;刺;挥霍 step by step:

45、adv.逐步地And their interaction gets documented and stored in asearchable database.他们的这个互动过程被记录下来 并存储在一个可搜索的数据库里面。08:27Lets stop and think about this for a minute,because this is avery important point.让我们停下来思考一下,这里有个非常重要的点。08:34This new wave of innovation is fundamentally changing theway we work.这新一轮的创

46、新正在从根本上 改变我们工作的方式。08:37And I know that many of you will be concerned about theimpact that innovation might have on jobs.我知道你们很多人?可能会对工作机会带来的影响。08:42Unemployment is already high,and there is always a fearthat innovation will destroy jobs.失业率已经很高了,而创新会消灭工作机会的担忧总是挥之不去。08:47And innovation is disruptive.

47、创新是颠覆性的。08:52But let me stress two things here.但是让我强调两点。08:54First,weve already lived through mechanization ofagriculture,automation of industry,and employment hasgone up,because innovation is fundamentally about growth.首先,我们已经经历过了 农业机械化,工业自动化,最终就业率上去了,因为创新是刺激增长的根本动力。08:56It makes products more affo

48、rdable.它让产品的价格更实惠,09:05It creates new demand,new jobs.它创造了新的需求,新的工作。09:07documented:adj.备有证明文件的 searchable:adj.可被搜查的;透过搜查能找到的 for a minute:一会儿 disruptive:adj.破坏的;分裂性的;制造混乱的 mechanization:n.机械化;机动化 automation:n.自动化;自动操作Second,there is a concern that in the future,there will onlybe room for engineers,

49、data scientists,and other highly-specialized workers.第二,有人担心未来 会只需要工程师、数据科学家,以及其他高度专业化的劳动者。09:10And believe me,as an economist,I am also scared.相信我,作为一个经济学家,我也很害怕。09:18But think about it:Just as a child can easily figure out how tooperate an iPad,so a new generation of mobile and intuitiveindustrial

50、 applications will make life easier for workers of allskill levels.但是你想想:正如一个小孩很容易就搞清楚 如何操作一个iPad,新一代的移动的直观的 工业应用会让不同技术程度的 工作者的生活都变得更容易。09:21The worker of the future will be more like Iron Man than theCharlie Chaplin of Modern Times.未来的工作者会更像一个钢铁侠,而不是“摩登时代”中的查理卓别林。09:35And to be sure,new high-skille