专题06完形填空20题（名校真题精练）（牛津译林版）（解析版）.docx

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1、专题06 完形填空20题（名校真题精练）完形填空解题技巧解题步骤 1. 通读全文，了解大意。 通读全文时，要跳过空格快速阅读，弄清文章的基本含义。可以先快速阅读全文，这样我们对文章的整体结构和中心思想有个基本的了解。有利于进一步把握全文所讲内容、篇章结构及时态语态的变化，为后面的答题创造条件。 2. 重视首句的开篇启示作用。 完形填空所采用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的首句通常可以点明短文的性质，如叙事、议论等，这是我们探索短文全貌的窗口。可以以首句的时态、语态为立足点进行思考，判断文章的体裁，推测全文的大意及主题。所以应该重视首句的启示作用。 3. 抓住关键词，根据上下文解题。 解题时，要遵循

2、忠于全文大意和主题这一原则，联系上下文展开逻辑推理分析，要迅速找出那些在短文中起重要作用的关键词，了解所提问题的特定语境，语篇中的内在关系。 在解题过程中，应遵循先易后难的原则，遇到个别难题不易判断时，可先跳过去，先去解决那些靠上下文能确定的、比较直接明确的问题。随着下文的展开和文章的深入，或许在前面难以判断的题，下文就有暗示，甚至有明确的暗示。因此，在选择答案时，应特别注意联系前后句，充分利用上下文为确定答案提供的有用信息。 4. 重读全文，验证答案。 在全部空格补全以后，一定要根据填好的答案重读全文，看文章是否流畅，前后是否矛盾，语法结构是否无误。如果发现哪些地方读起来不流畅，这就说明那里

3、有毛病，就要进行仔细推敲、订正。二、技巧点拨 1. 充分利用首句作为解题的突破口。 完形填空的首句往往是完整的、不设空的。而首句又常常是全文的中心句，因此，应充分重视完形填空的首句，通过它大致把握全文的大意和作者的意图，利用它作为解题的突破口。依据首句的提示，捕捉文中关键信息，通览全文，了解文章的题材、体裁、结构、背景、内容大意、前因后果、情节发展、论点论据等基本信息。同时，可以对有些空格要填的词做试探性猜测，为下一步选择最佳选项做好准备。 2. 根据上下文的逻辑意义确定答案。 文章是一个具有内在联系的整体，而上下文则是营造语境的基础，也是逻辑推理的依据。通读全文，理顺大意，根据上下文找出信息

4、词，是做好完形填空的技巧之一。完形填空的命题设计正朝着深层化和语境化方向发展，逐渐淡化单纯的语言分析考查，而越来越侧重对逻辑推理判断的考查。词语在特定语境中所表达的隐含信息大都无法从字面或个或几个句子的表面理解传达出来，这就大大增加了干扰项的迷惑性，从而提高了试题难度。因此，要想解决这类题目，只有借助上下文乃至全文语境的提示。 3. 从词汇的意义和用法方面考虑。 做好完形填空必须具备较大词汇量，并结合上下文确定词义。完形填空在命题过程中，淡化基础句型结构，语法规则和短语搭配，侧重词汇的活用。应该加强对词汇合乎情景需求的判断的训练，加深对基本词汇的感受能力和应用能力，提高完形填空题的解题技能。4

5、. 积累习惯用法和固定搭配。 完形填空题中考查习惯搭配和固定用法的题目也占有一定比重，这就需要平时记忆和积累，做到脱口而出。这类题属于较容易的，一般在初选时就能确定。 5. 依据作者的态度和观点。 作者写一篇文章必有他的意图和目的，作者在表达情感时总是选择特定的词汇，因此文章字里行间不可避免地渗透了作者的情感。做完形填空时，应该留心捕捉作者的情感信息。 6. 注意分析句子结构。 通过句法、语法，能把复杂的句子变得简单，使得意义清晰，信息透明。 7. 依据生活经验和常识。有些空涉及到我们应该具备的常识，是否合乎情理是我们选择的依据。名校真题20题精析（2021江苏南师附中新城初中黄山路分校八年级

6、期末）One Saturday morning, every boy in town was happy, except Tom Sawyer. Toms aunt gave him a _1_ of painting the fence (篱笆). It was 30 yards long and three yards high. He painted one board and _2_ his progress（进展）, and then he sat down to have a rest.Tom began to think of the games that he wanted t

7、o play. He knew other boys who were free would soon come along and make fun of him. Just then, he had an idea. He _3_ his brush and went back to work.Ben Rogers came along the road. He was singing happily and carrying _4_.“Im going swimming,” said Ben. “Do you want to come? Oh, you have to work, don

8、t you? What a pity!”“Work?” said Tom. “This isnt work. Im enjoying myself. Does a boy get a _5_ to paint a fence like this every day?” Then he went on painting.Ben watched Tom in silence. He became more and more _6_.After a while, he said, “Tom, will you let me do some painting?”Tom said, “No, Ben,

9、I cant. Aunt Polly _7_ me to do it well. Im the _8_ person that can do it right.”“Oh, please, Tom,” said Ben. “I can do it. Ill be really careful. Ill give you half my apple. Wait, Ill give you all of it.” “Thats a deal,” said Tom. “But you must be careful.”Tom gave Ben his brush with worry on his f

10、ace _9_ joy in his heart. He sat down again and started to eat the apple.When Ben got tired, Billy Fisher was waiting. He gave Tom a kite for the chance to paint. Then Johnny Miller _10_ him two toy soldiers.Soon Tom had got many new toys, and the fence got three coats of paint. Aunt Polly was so pl

11、eased that she gave him a big apple!1AtimeBtaskCvolunteerDprize2AsurveyedBfoundCtookDchose3Aset upBtook upCmade upDpicked up4Aa bookBan appleCa brushDa kite5AtrainingBplaceCchanceDaunt6AsurprisedBinterestedCnervousDconfident7AwarnedBadvisedCallowedDdecided8AsameBimportantCfirstDonly9AandBsoCbutDor10

12、AprovidedBofferedCtreatedDsold【答案】1B2A3D4B5C6B7C8D9C10B【解析】本文介绍了汤姆的姨妈让汤姆油漆篱笆，因为篱笆太长，他就想出了让别人帮助油漆篱笆的主意。1句意：汤姆的姨妈让他油漆篱笆。time时间；task任务；volunteer志愿者；prize奖励。根据“painting the fence (篱笆).”可知，这是一项任务。故选B。2句意：他油漆了一块篱笆，观察自己的进度，然后坐下来休息。 surveyed查看；found发现；took拿；chose选择。根据“He painted one board andhis progress（进展

13、）,”可知，此处应该是查看自己的进度。故选A。3句意：他拿起刷子继续工作。set up设置；took up开始；made up编造；picked up拾起。根据“and went back to work.”可知，应该是拿起刷子继续工作。故选D。4句意：他高兴地唱着歌，手里拿着一个苹果。a book一本书；an apple苹果；a brush刷子；a kite风筝。根据“Ill give you half my apple.”可知，手里拿的是苹果。故选B。5句意：一个男孩每天都有机会油漆这样的篱笆吗？training训练；place位置；chance机会；aunt阿姨。根据“paint a f

14、ence like this every day?” 可知，应该是有机会做这样的事情吗。故选C。6句意：他变得越来越感兴趣。surprised惊讶的；interested感兴趣的；nervous焦虑的；confident自信的。根据“Tom, will you let me do some painting?”可知，本应该是对此感兴趣，才提出这样的要求。故选B。7句意：波莉姨妈允许我把它做好。warned警告；advised劝告；allowed允许；decided决定。由上文的“一个男孩每天都有机会油漆这样的篱笆吗”可知，此处应该是姨妈允许我这样做。故选C。8句意：我是唯一能做好的人。same

15、相同的；important重要的；first第一；only唯一的。上文说“姨妈允许我这样做”是因为“我是唯一能做好的人”。故选D。9句意：汤姆让本油漆，脸上带着忧虑，心里却充满了喜悦。and和；so所以；but但是；or或。根据“He sat down again and started to eat the apple.”可知，这是汤姆第二次休息，他让本帮助他油漆，因此表面上不情愿，但是内心是高兴的。故选C。10句意：然后约翰尼米勒自愿给了他两个玩具士兵。provided提供；offered自愿给予；treated治疗；sold出让。由上文知道，本累了，由Billy Fisher油漆栅栏，等

16、到了Johnny Miller 时，他给了汤姆两个玩具士兵。故选B。（2021江苏淮安市淮安区教师发展中心学科研训处八年级期末）Many years ago, a rich man and his young son were interested in collecting art. They travelled around the world, collecting wonderful works of art. When the war broke out (爆发), the son left to serve (服役) his country. The father was _11_

17、 of his son and wanted him to be a brave soldier (战士). _12_, a few weeks later, the old man _13_ a letter saying his son had died while taking another soldier to a hospital. The man cried sadly. He even thought his life would not be meaningful. The next day, a soldier visited the old man and gave hi

18、m a picture of his son. _14_ the world would not think it a great work, the picture was important to the man. The following spring, the old man got seriously ill and died soon after. All of his paintings would be sold at an auction (拍卖). The auction began with the picture of the old mans son. “Who w

19、ill open the price at $ 100?” the auctioneer asked. No one spoke or _15_ their hand. Someone said, “Who cares about that _16_? Lets move on to the good ones.”More people _17_. “No, we must sell this one first,” answered the auctioneer. “Now, who will take the picture of the son?”Finally, a good frie

20、nd of the old man spoke, “Will you take $10 for the picture? Thats all I have.”“Will anyone give a _18_ price?” said the auctioneer. No one answered. The auctioneer continued, “Going once.going twice.sold!” The auctioneer looked at these people and _19_ that the auction was over. “According to the f

21、athers idea, whoever takes the sons picture will get the _20_ collection,” the auctioneer said.Because of the fathers love, whoever took the picture of the son got it all. For parents, their children are priceless.11AtiredBafraidCproudDangry12ALuckilyBUnluckilyCHappilyDHopefully13AsentBwroteCreceive

22、dDprinted14ABecauseBTillCSoDThough15AshookBthrewCput upDopened16ApictureBtrickCpriceDcolour17ArefusedBagreedCdisagreedDdecided18AhigherBlowerCsmallerDfewer19AsaidBansweredCtalkedDspoke20AmainBwholeCbestDmost【答案】11C12B13C14D15C16A17B18A19A20B【解析】本文主要讲述了一个爱收藏艺术品的富有老人在儿子服役去世后，得到了一张儿子珍贵的照片，在老人去世后，拍卖会上开始

23、拍卖老人的收藏品，从儿子的照片开始，老人的一位朋友用所有的钱买下了这张照片，遵循老人的遗愿，谁买下了这张照片谁就会得到所有的收藏品。11句意：父亲为儿子感到骄傲，希望他能成为一名勇敢的士兵。tired疲惫的；afraid害怕的；proud骄傲的；angry生气的。根据“wanted him to be a brave soldier ”可知，父亲以此为傲，故选C。12句意：不幸的是，几个星期后，老人收到一封信，说他的儿子在送另一名士兵去医院的时候死了。Luckily幸运地；Unluckily不幸地；Happily开心地；Hopefully有希望地。根据“his son had died”可知，

24、儿子死了，这是一件不幸的事，故选B。13句意：不幸的是，几个星期后，老人收到一封信，说他的儿子在送另一名士兵去医院的时候死了。sent发送；wrote写；received接收；printed打印。根据“a letter saying his son had died”可知，老人收到了一封信，故选C。14句意：虽然世人不会认为这是一部伟大的作品，但这张照片对他来说很重要。Because因为；Till直到；So因此；Though尽管。根据“the world would not think it a great work, the picture was important to the man”

25、可知，前后句是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句，故选D。15句意：没有人说话，也没有人举手。shook摇动；threw扔；put up举起；opened打开。根据“All of his paintings would be sold at an auction”及常识可知，在拍卖会上要举手拍价，故选C。16句意：谁在乎那张照片？picture照片；trick把戏；price价格；colour颜色。根据“The auction began with the picture of the old mans son”可知，没人关注这张照片，故选A。17句意：更多的人同意。refused拒绝；

26、agreed同意；disagreed不同意；decided决定。根据“Lets move on to the good ones”可知，更多的人同意直接下一个，故选B。18句意：有人给出更高的价格吗？higher更高的；lower更低的；smaller更小的；fewer更少的。根据“Will you take $10 for the picture? Thats all I have”可知，询问是否还有人出更高的价格，故选A。19句意：拍卖师看了看这些人，说拍卖结束了。said说；answered回答；talked谈论；spoke说。根据“that the auction was over”可

27、知，此处指拍卖师说的内容，故选A。20句意：根据父亲的想法，谁拍下儿子的照片，谁就能得到全部藏品。main主要的；whole全部的；best最好的；most最多的。根据“Because of the fathers love, whoever took the picture of the son got it all”可知，拍下儿子照片的人就可以得到全部的收藏品，故选B。（2021江苏扬州中学教育集团树人学校八年级期末）My 3-year-old daughter was running through the living room and fell. It was a short _21

28、_, but Im sure you know what happened nextso many tears! “Mommy, pick me up!” Then this phrase“If you dont make a big deal (大惊小怪) out of it, they wont, either” went through my _22_. Im sure Ive _23_ this before in some form of parenting advice. It seems logical (符合逻辑的) enough, so I _24_ practice it.

29、My reply was, “Youre fine; it is just a little fall, dear. You can _25_ up.” “I cant! Pick me up!” “Dear, you can come here; youre _26_.” “I cant walk!” “Look, youre not even hurt; its okay. Lets go play!” “My legs are broken!” This back and forth (来回) _27_ for a long, funny amount of time. Each tim

30、e, my not-actually-injured daughter _28_ that her injury (受伤) was worse and worse, and I tried to convince (说服) her she was fine.All of the parents are kind, loving parents who want the best for their kids. They try to _29_ their children to deal with any problems they face, but what Ive learned is:

31、 that should all be _30_ two. Step one should always be: listen to _31_. Be with them at that moment. Sit with them in that pain, without _32_ trying to get out of it. When people feel heard and understood, they _33_ the strength to solve problems on their own, face their own _34_, and carry on in t

32、he face of that pain. So lets stay with our children _35_ and be with them in their pain. And if were really lucky, theyll know that theyll never be alone, and that our comfort will give them a guiding light.21AfallBjumpCturnDdrop22AfaceBnoseCmouthDmind23Alistened toBguarded againstCheard ofDgone wi

33、th24AsuddenlyBquicklyCsurelyDimmediately25AgetBsitClieDrise26AwrongBokayCrightDcareful27AleftBarrivedCcameDcontinued28AcriedBlaughedCinsisted (坚持)Dtold29AaskBhelpCwantDwish30AstepBtipCskillDtrick31AexplainBargueCcomplainDunderstand32AeverBevenConceDsimply33AgainBloseCmissDneed34AriskBpainCfactDtruth

34、35AbetterBtighterCcloserDfarther【答案】21A22D23C24C25A26B27D28C29B30A31D32D33A34B35C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的孩子摔倒，虽然作者反复安慰，但她仍然认为自己伤得很厉害。由此作者意识到孩子真正想要的首先是父母的倾听，然后父母才可以帮助他们想出解决问题的方法。21句意：这只是一次小小的摔倒，但我相信你知道接下来发生了什么太多的眼泪！fall跌倒；jump跳跃；turn转动；drop掉落。根据第一句中的“fell”可知，孩子经历的是一次“摔倒”。故选A。22句意：然后这句话“如果你不小题大做，他们也不会这么做。”进入我

35、的脑海。face脸；nose鼻子；mouth嘴巴；mind大脑。根据“Then this phrase.”可知，此处表示面对孩子的要求，作者想起了以前听到的一句话，也就是说这句话出现在了作者的“脑海”中。故选D。23句意：我相信我以前在一些育儿建议中听说过这个。listened to听；guarded against防止；heard of听说；gone with与同行。根据前面的“this phrase rang”可知，当时作者想到的是从别人那里“听到”过的一句话。故选C。24句意：这似乎很符合逻辑，所以我肯定会实践它。suddenly突然；quickly迅速地；surely确切地；immed

36、iately立即地。作者认为“If you dont make a big dealout of it, they wont, either”这句话很合理，因此一般会按照这句话中的建议去做。故选C。25句意：你可以起来了。get得到；sit坐；lie躺；rise升起。根据“Youre fine; it is just a little fall, dear.”可知，作者认为只是一次小小的摔倒，孩子可以自己“站起来”。get up起来，故选A。26句意：亲爱的，你可以来这里；你没事的。wrong错的；okay好的；right正确的；careful小心的。根据本段第一句中的“Youre fine”

37、可知，作者认为孩子是“可以的”。故选B。27句意：这种反反复复持续了很长一段有趣的时间。left离开；arrived到达；came回来；continued继续。根据“This back and forth”可知，此处表示作者反复安慰，而孩子一直没有冷静下来，即这种情况“持续”了一段时间。故选D。28句意：每一次，我没有受伤的女儿都坚持说她的伤势越来越严重，我也试图让她相信她没事。 cried哭；laughed笑；insisted坚持；told告诉。根据前文中的“I cant walk!” 以及“My legs are broken!”等都是孩子在向作者“坚持说”自己的伤更重了。故选C。29句意

38、：他们试图帮助他们的孩子处理他们面临的任何问题。ask要求；help帮助；want想要；wish希望。根据“All of the parents are kind, loving parents who want the best for their kids.”可知，父母总是想把最好的给孩子，也想“帮助”他们解决他们遇到的问题。故选B。30句意：这应该是第二步。step步骤；tip建议；skill技巧；trick诡计。根据后面句中的“Step one”可知，作者认为帮助孩子解决问题应是给孩子提供帮助的第二“步”。故选A。31句意：第一步应该是：注意倾听。explain解释；argue争论；c

39、omplain抱怨；understand理解。根据后文中的“When people feel heard and understood”可知，父母倾听孩子的诉说是为了更好地“理解”他们。此处是建议父母去听，所以这时候父母要做的不是张开嘴解释、争论或试图说服对方。故选D。32句意：和他们一起承受痛苦，而不是简单地试图摆脱它。ever曾经；even甚至；once曾经；simply只，简单地。根据“Sit with them in that pain”可知，作者认为父母不应该“只”想着如何帮助孩子摆脱困境，而要倾听他们真正的心声。故选D。33句意：当人们感到被倾听和理解时，他们就会获得自己解决问题的

40、力量，面对自己的痛苦，并在痛苦面前坚持下去。gain获得；lose失去；miss错过；need需要。根据“the strength to solve problems on their own”可知，父母倾听和理解孩子其实是帮助孩子“获得”独立解决问题的能力。故选A。34句意：当人们感到被倾听和理解时，他们就会获得自己解决问题的力量，面对自己的痛苦，并在痛苦面前坚持下去。risk冒险；pain疼痛；fact事实；truth真理。根据后文中的“in the face of that pain”可知，此处表示孩子面对自己的痛苦。故选B。35句意：所以，让我们与孩子们保持更亲密的关系，在他们的痛苦中

41、陪伴他们。better更好；tighter更紧；closer更近；farther更远。本句中的“be with them”说明作者认为父母在孩子遇到问题时要离他们“近”一些，要和他们在一起。故选C。（2021江苏南京八年级期末）Like it or not, plastic is everywhere. We sit on it, store our food in it, drink from it, text with it, type with it, and wear it. Americans buy 50 million plastic water bottles every ye

42、ar, and we _36_ away enough plastic items each year to go around the Earth four times. But still it is _37_ to live without it at present.What can you do about it?Broadreach has _38_ a Plastic-Free Day. This is your chance to make a _39_ by living without plastic for one day. Heres _40_:First, dont

43、buy anything made of plastic. It is clear that items like water bottles and many kids toys are made of plastic. _41_, there are some other items that may contain（含有）hidden plastic.Second, just say _42_ to single-use plastics like straws（吸管）, cups and bags. Many people love to drink from a straw or u

44、se plastic bags to carry things, but they are really an environmental disaster.Third, bring your own utensils（器具）if youre _43_ to eat outside. This one can be hard to remember. Just put a pair of chopsticks in your bag before you leave home.Fourth, take a water bottle with you. You know youre going

45、to need some water to get you _44_ your day. So take a bottle with you. That will help you _45_ plastic bottles.36AputBtakeCthrowDget37AnaturalBdifficultCnecessaryDcomfortable38AorganizedBcelebratedCsupportedDprovided39AdecisionBdifferenceCconclusionDconversation40AwhenBwhereCwhyDhow41AInsteadBMoreoverCHoweverDOtherwise42AnoByesChelloDsorry43AexpectingBtryingCwaitingDplanning44AforBthroughCagainstDwith45ArecycleBreuseCavoidDpick【答案】36B37B38A39B40D41C42A43D44B45C【解析】本文倡导人们在日常生活中尽可能少地或避免使用塑料制品来保护环境，并介绍了避免使用塑料的方法。