Unit 6Sunshine for all第 2 课时 Reading（教师版）-八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）.docx

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1、Unit 6 Sunshine for all 第2课时 reading八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）知识精讲1. task n. 任务，工作 【例句】How long will it take to finish this task? 完成这项任务需要多少时间? 典型例题 The_（任务）are a bit difficult, but we will try our best. 2. background n. 背景【例句】The mountains form a background to this photograph of the family. 这幅家庭照的背景是群山。典

2、型例题People will ask about your education_（背景）when you are in a job interview.3. Liu Ming did not know what to expect刘明不知道期待什么【考点聚焦】(1)表示“期待，期望”，通常用作及物动词Im expecting a telephone call from her.We should not expect success overnight.(2)expect它还可以表示“预计；预料”等。I expect a storm我预计会有场暴风雨。I expect to be back o

3、n Sunday. /I expect that l will be back on Sunday. 我预计周日回来。(3)其后可接不定式或不定式的复合结构，但不能接动名词。I expect to finish the work by Friday.我预计在星期五以前完成此项工作。He expected her to go with him.化期望她同他一起去。(4)其后可接that从句，若从句谓语为否定，注意否定的转移。I dont expect that he has arrived so early.我预料他不会到得这么早。典型例题 用所给单词的适当形式填空What did he exp

4、ect you_ (do)?I do_（期望）to have some time for myself in the evening.4.many events similar to those in the Olympics 很多与奥运会类似的项目【考点聚焦】短语similar to those in the Olympics为后置形容词短语， 用于修饰events。similar 意思是“相似的，类似的”。be similar to 意为“与相似 / 相仿”。His teaching style is similar to that of most teachers. 他的教学风格和多数教

5、师相似。【拓展】be similar in 表示“在某方面相似 / 相仿”。The two houses are similar in shape. 这两个房子在形状上相似。典型例题1) Your views on education are similar _ Mr. Wangs.2) The two cars are similar only _ color.5.necessary adj. 必须的；必要的【例句】It is necessary to remember these facts. 记住这些事实是很有必要的。【拓展】句型“Itsadj.(for sb.)to do sth.“结

6、构。当形容词修饰后面的动词不定式时，如necessary, difficult/hard, tiring, easy, (im)possible等时，介词用for；当形容词修饰人（的内在品质时），如generous, kind, good/great, polite等时，介词用of。典型例题1Its good_ us to keep_. Youre never too old to learn. A. with; learning B. for; to learn C. of; to learn D. for; learning2在公交车上给让座是很有礼貌的。6. achieve vt. “达

7、到，取得”，指经过努力取得胜利、成功，实现目的、目标等。【例句】You will achieve your ambition if you work hard. 如果你努力，你的抱负是可以实现的。典型例题People will ask about your education_（背景）when you are in a job interview.achieve7. Volunteering for the Special Olympics World Games 为夏季特奥会做志愿者【考点聚焦】(1)volunteer vi. & vt. 志愿做，义务做volunteer for . 志愿做

8、；主动做No one volunteered for cleaning the henhouse. 没有人主动去清理鸡舍。(2) volunteer to . 志愿做；主动提出He volunteered to water our plants. 他主动提出给我们的植物浇水。(3) volunteer n. 义务工作者；志愿者Zhalong Nature Reserve needs volunteers to count and describe birds. 学校需要义务工作者来数和描述鸟。 典型例题Many _ (volunteer) _ (volunteer) to help those

9、 people in Yaan Earthquake.8. The Special Olympics World Games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world. 特奥会给有智力缺陷的孩子和成人一个向全世界展示能力的机会。【考点聚焦】（1）句中的with intellectual disabilities 为后置定语，修饰children and adults。介词短语作定语一般要后置。The key to my bicycle is

10、 missing. 我的自行车钥匙丢了。（2）chance可作可数名词，意为“机会；机遇”。 Please give me a chance to explain. 请给我一个解释的机会。【拓展】by chance意为“偶然地；碰巧”。I met one of my old friends by chance yesterday.典型例题1) 你曾经给过他不止一次机会吗？Did you ever give him more than _ _?2) 这件事是偶然发生的。It happened _ _.3) It is an excellent chance for you_ (go) to Be

11、ijing.9. Over 40,000 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games.【考点聚焦】give up 意为“放弃”，其后可接动词-ing形式。Nicks father had to give up smoking because of his illness.give up后还可跟名词（短语）。Eds mother gave up her job to look after him.【注意】代词作give up的宾语时要放在give和up之间。This is a good cha

12、nce. I wont give it up.典型例题根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1) 杰夫已经放弃学法语了吗？ Has Jeff _ _ _ French?2) 请不要放弃他们。 Please dont _ _ _.10. Then they provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success. 然后志愿者们为运动员提供支持，使本届特奥会取得很大的成功。【考点解析】句中的support可以用作名词或动词，意思是“支持”。 【例句】Thank you for your support.

13、谢谢你的支持。 Thank you for supporting me. 感谢你支持我。典型例题他们为运动员们提供帮助和支持。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .11. He was born with intellectual disabilities.他生下来就有智力问题。【考点解析】短语be born with 意思是“生来具有”。【例句】He was born with a weak heart. 他生来心脏虚弱。 12. It was very brave of him to join the competition. 他参加竞赛真的很勇敢。【考点解析】句型Its + adj. + o

14、f sb. to do sth. 通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪。该句型中用作表语的形容词常见的有如下几类:1、表示聪明或愚蠢的形容词, 有clever, wise, foolish, stupid, silly, unwise, dumb(愚笨的), absurd (荒谬的)等。如：Its silly of him to do such a thing. 他竟干出这样的事，真是愚蠢！2、表示正确或错误的形容词, 有 right, wrong, correct, incorrect 等。如:It was right of her not to come here.

15、她没有来这儿，太对了！3、表示好坏等品性的形容词, 此类词较多, 有good, nice, kind, friendly, lovely, wonderful, bad, unkind, naughty等。 如: Its friendly of you to come and see me. 你能来看我，真够朋友！4、表示褒义或贬义色彩的形容词, 有brave, polite, careless, selfish等。如: It was brave of you to manage to do it. 你居然能做成这件事，真勇敢！典型例题 Its really nice_ you_ me wor

16、k out this maths problem. A. of; to help B. for; to help C. for; help D. of; help13. To Li Hai, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part.对李海来说，最重要的东西不是赢得一块金牌或银牌，而是参与。【考点解析】not but 不是而是【例句】PE is not my favourite, but Music. 我最喜欢的不是体育而是音乐。14. Li Hai tried his best an

17、d finished fourth. 李海尽了最大努力并取得第四名。【考点解析】当序数词表示名次时，其前面的定冠词通常可以省略。【例句】Who won (the) first prize? 谁获得了一等奖？ 15. Its fantastic to work as a volunteer! 作为一名志愿者工作真是太棒了！【考点解析】work as意为“担任；以身份而工作”。当序数词表示名次时，其前面的定冠词通常可以省略。【例句】He works as a head teacher in our school.他在我们学校担任班主任。典型例题他在第二中学担任校长。He_ _ a headmast

18、er in No.2 Middle School.16. To Li Hai, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part.【考点解析】win的用法如下：(1)用作不及物动词，意为“获胜，得胜，成功，达到”，与succeed同义，与fail相反。We won in the football match last week.在上周的足球比赛中我们赢了。(2)用作及物动词，意为“获得，博得”。He won the Nobel Prize for physics.他获得诺贝尔物理学奖。He w

19、on the first prize for his invention.他的发明获得了一等奖。【拓展】winsth.（赢的东西）；beatsb.（打败的人）We beat them.我们赢了他们。Who won the game，Li Ming or Liu Hai?谁赢了游戏，李明还是刘海？典型例题My cousin the maths competition at last.A. beat B. won C. beated C. beaten17. Athletes and volunteers from different backgrounds feel like part of o

20、ne big family.来自不同背景的运动员和志愿者感觉像一个大家庭的成员。【考点解析】feel like有两个意思：(1)意为“想要”，feel like doing意为“想要做某事”，相当于want/would like to do sth.I feel like eating this kind of food.我想吃这种食物。(2)意为“觉得像；摸起来像”。The cap feels like an animal这帽子摸起来像一个动物。典型例题1、 想看电影。I_ _ _ a film.2、 这玩具摸起来像狗。The toy_ _ a dog.18. Its great for u

21、s to work closely with these special athletes. 对于我们来说和这些特殊的运动员在一起紧密合作真好。【考点解析】work closely with意为“与紧密合作”。I often work closely with my deskmate.我经常和我的同桌紧密合作。典型例题你们经常和你的朋友紧密合作吗？Do you often_ _ _ your friend?能力拓展一、 完成句子1对这个懒惰的小男孩来说在清晨出发是件很困难的事情。It is difficult _ the lazy boy _ _ _ in the early morning.

22、【答案】for to start off【详解】固定句型“It is adj for sb to do sth”表示“做某事对某人来讲是的”，不定式作主语。start off表示“出发”。故填for；to；start；off。2选定要穿哪一条裙子去舞会是必要的。_ necessary _ _ _ which dress to wear for the ball.【答案】Its to decide on【详解】根据句意可知，此句用“固定句型：Its adj. to do sth.”；决定：decide on；故填Its；to；decide；on。3It is_.(在公共场合盯着别人看和相互大声嚷

23、嚷是不礼貌的)【答案】impolite to stare at others and shout at each other in public【详解】根据stare at others盯着别人，shout at 对-大喊，in public 在公共场合，its+形容词+to do sth做某事是怎样的；故填 impolite to stare at others and shout at each other in public4别放弃！你会成功的。Dont _ up ! You will succeed.【答案】give【详解】give up“放弃”，助动词dont后接动词原形，故填giv

24、e。5所有的国家正在紧密合作，一起对抗这场灾难。(work with.)All nations _ each other to fight against the disaster.【答案】are working closely with【详解】根据题干，可知考查：work closely with和紧密合作；由汉语可知，时态是现在进行时（be doing）。主语是复数，be动词用are；故填are working closely with。分层提分题组A 能力提升练二、完型填空China welcomed an important visitor this week. He is Kofi

25、Annan, Secretary General of the United Nations. Annan stayed in China _6_ five days. This is his fifth visit. He talked with Chinese leaders about _7_the UN would change in the new century. He also visited hospitals and talked with students.“To the grown-ups in this room, I would say: let us not mak

26、e children _8_ our mistakes any more,” Annan said. He also told the children at the meeting that they all had the right to _9_ and good health care.Annan was born in West Africa in 1938. He studied in Europe and the United States. He _10_ to work for the World Health Organization when he was 24. Ann

27、an is the first Black African Secretary General._11_ he became Secretary General in 1997, Annan has been trying hard to make the world _12_ and to help poor people. “We have to find out what people _13_ and do something for them,” said Annan.The 66-year-old man is not only head of the UN, but also t

28、he father of three children. During Annans second_14_ as Secretary General, the UN opened its first meeting on children in New York. Sixty world leaders and about 250 child delegates (代表) took part in the meeting. The leaders _15_to childrens ideas and are now trying to make the world better for the

29、m.6AinBforCwithDon7AhowBwhatCwhenDwhere8Alook forBwork forCsearch forDpay for9AdevelopmentBhikingCeducationDtraveling10AmovedBstudiedCtraveledDstarted11ASinceBUntilCAfterDBefore12AbiggerBsaferCcleanerDsmaller13AsayBdoCneedDoffer14AtermBchanceCexperienceDtime15AtalkedBlistenedCwroteDturned【答案】6B7A8D9

30、C10D11A12B13C14A15B【分析】本文主要介绍了联合国秘书长科菲安南。本周，中国欢迎重要的客人-联合国秘书长科菲安南。安南在中国呆了五天。这是他的第五次访问。他与中国领导人谈了联合国在新世纪如何改变。他还参观了医院并与学生交谈。安南1938在西非出生。他在欧洲和美国学习。他24岁时开始为世界卫生组织工作。安南是第一位黑人非洲秘书长。自从1997担任秘书长以来，安南一直在努力让世界变得更安全和帮助穷人。这位66岁的老人不仅是联合国的首脑，也是三个孩子的父亲。在安南担任秘书长的第二个任期内，联合国在纽约召开了第一次关于儿童问题的会议。六十位世界领导人和大约250名儿童代表参加了会议。领

31、导们听取了孩子们的意见，现在正努力让世界变得更好【解析】6句意：安南在中国呆了五天。A. in在里，in+时间段，一般指在这段时间以后，用于一般将来时；B. for为了，对于，给，for+时间段表示做某事做了多长时间；C. with和，随着，拥有；D. on在上，具体某一天用介词on。本题后面跟的时间段，且是一般过去式，结合句意和语境可知选B。7句意：他与中国领导人谈了联合国在新世纪如何改变。A. how怎样，如何；B. what什么；C. when什么时候；D. where哪里，在什么地方。change：改变，及物动词和不及物动词；我们知道联合国在美国，根据语境不可能“什么时候改变/在哪里改

32、变/改变什么”，“如何改变”比较符合语境，故选A。8句意：让我们不再让孩子为我们的错误付出代价。A. look for寻找；B. work for为而工作，效劳；C. search for搜寻，访求；D. pay for赔偿，为付钱。根据下文“他们都有受教育和良好医疗的权利。”所以“不再让孩子为我们的错误付出代价。”结合选项和语境可知选D。9句意：他还在会上告诉孩子们，他们都有受教育和良好医疗的权利。A. development发展，进化，成长；B. hiking徒步旅行；C. education教育；D. traveling走步（篮球运动，旅行。根据句中“the children”和语境可知

33、“孩子有受教育的权利”，选C。10句意：他24岁时开始为世界卫生组织工作。A. moved移动；感动；B. studied学习；C. traveled旅行；D. started开始。根据上文“He studied in Europe and the United States.（他在欧洲和美国学习。）”可知上完学开始参加工作，故选D。11句意：自从1997担任秘书长以来，安南一直在努力让世界变得更安全和帮助穷人。A. Since自从以来，一般用于现在完成时；B. Until直到，在以前；C. After在以后；D. Before在.以前。Since自从以来，一般用于现在完成时，根据下文Anna

34、n has been trying hard to（现在完成进行时），结合语境可知选A。12句意：自从1997担任以来，安南一直在努力让世界变得更安全和帮助穷人。A. bigger更大；B. safer更安全；C. cleaner更干净；D. smaller更小。作为联合国的秘书长应“让世界变得更安全”，根据语境可知选B。13句意：我们必须找出人们需要什么，为他们做点什么。A. say说；B. do做；C. need需要；D. offer提供。根据上文“to help poor people.（帮助穷人）”可知填need，因为“只有知道了需要什么，才能为他们做点什么”，选C。14句意：在安南担

35、任秘书长的第二个任期内，联合国在纽约召开了第一次关于儿童问题的会议。A. term任期，学期；B. chance机会；C. experience经历，经验；D. time时间。我们知道联合国秘书长任期为五年，结合语境可知选A。15句意：领导们听取了孩子们的意见，现在正努力让世界变得更好。A. talked谈话，说话；B. listened听；C. wrote写；D. turned使转动，旋转。根据上文“Sixty world leaders and about 250 child delegates (代表) took part in the meeting.（六十名世界领导人和大约250名儿

36、童代表参加了会议。）”可知开会时“领导们听取了孩子们的意见”，结合选项和句意可知选B。点睛：完型填空是一卷难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。 解题的方法第一要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。（1）考查词义辨析：名词辨析，形容词副词辨析，冠词辨析，介词连词辨析等，做此类型题时，要知道每一个词的意义，然后结合上下文背景语境，选择适合语境的选项。（2）考查句子时态，语态，要根据语境，选择正确的时态和语态的选项。（3）考查从句（宾语从句，定语从句，主语从句等），结合句意和语境作出正确的选择。（4）根据固定句型或短语结合语境选择正确的选项。三、阅

37、读单选AIf you take part in a fund-raising walk, it is important that you receive some training before you start the event. We hope you can enjoy the experience instead of worrying about your fitness! During the training, youd better keep the following advice in mind.Start slowly and then walk longer an

38、d faster. If you start too fast, you will hurt yourself in the first few weeks of training and you will need to rest for some time. This will reduce your final fitness. It is not good for your walk.Eat healthily. Doctors recommend that you should eat vegetables every day and enough carbohydrates (含碳

39、水化合物的食物) such as bread, brown rice, beans and peas. Drink moderately (适量地). While training, drink a small amount of water each time if you feel thirsty. Its a mistake that you dont drink any water in order not to go to the toilet often. Make sure your shoes fit well. Dont forget to wear socks to pre

40、vent blisters (水泡). If you want your shoes to be comfortable for training, youd better start training in the shoes that you will be wearing when you take part in the event.16_ is important before we take part in a walking event according to the passage.AGoing out for a tripBDoing some trainingCHavin

41、g a good sleepDDrinking lots of water17What will happen if we start too fast during the training?_AWell worry about our fitness.BWell get hungry easily.CWell reduce our final result.DWell hurt ourselves.18It is wrong that _ during the training according to the passage.Awe dont drink any waterBwe eat

42、 vegetables and carbohydratesCwe always wear socksDwe eat fruit or sandwiches little and often19We should _ during the training according to the passage.Achange our shoes often .Bnot wear the shoes for the eventCmake sure our shoes fit wellDnot wear comfortable socks20How many pieces of advice about

43、 training does the passage give?_AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.【答案】16B17D18A19C20D【分析】短文大意：参加募步慈善活动之前接受一些培训是很重要的。在培训过程中，作者提出了四条建议：刚开始要慢走；健康饮食；适度饮水；确保穿上合适的鞋子。【解析】16细节理解题。根据开头的句子If you take part in a fund-raising walk, it is important that you receive some training before you start the event.可知，在捐步活动之前接受一些培训

44、是很重要的。答案为B。17细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子If you start too fast, you will hurt yourself in the first few weeks of training and you will need to rest for some time.可知，如果我们在训练中开始走得太快，会受伤的。故答案为D。18细节理解题。根据文中句子While training, drink a small amount of water each time if you feel thirsty. Its a mistake that you dont drink any water in order not to go to the toilet often.可知，在训练中不喝水是个错误的做法，故答案为A。19细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中的句子Make sure your shoes fit well.可知，我们应该确保我们的鞋子在训练期间穿得很合脚。故答案为C。20细节理解题。根据短文内容可知，作者在训练中共提出了四点建议：刚开始要慢走；健康饮食；适度饮水；确保穿上合适的鞋子。故答案为D。BMike was in trouble these days. He drov