2022年高考新课标II卷D篇解析讲义--2024届高三英语一轮复习.docx

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1、2022年高考新课标n卷D篇难度分析+答案解析+词汇积累+长难句分析+全文翻译DAs we age, even if were healthy; the heart just isnt as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who dont exercise, the changes can start even sooner.Think of a rubber b

2、and. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken, says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. Thats what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you havent been a

3、n enthusiastic exerciser; getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program

4、 of nonaerobic （无氧）exercisebalance training and weight trainingthree times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.We took these 50-year-ol

5、d hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts/1 says Levine. And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump （泵送）a lot more blood during exercise, But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didnrt

6、change, he says.“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you havent already is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility/1 Levine says. nWe put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswom

7、an for the American Heart Association, says Levines findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest 做 determine 的宾语，该宾语从句中，which aspects of an exercise routine为主语。

8、【译文】但是这项研究规模较小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定锻炼程序的 哪些方面产生最大的差异。【全文翻译】随着我们的年龄增长，即使我们很健康，心脏在处理氧气方面的效率也不如过去了。 在大多数人中，第一个迹象出现在50岁或60岁初。对于那些不锻炼的人，变化可能会更 早开始。想想橡皮筋。一开始，它很有弹性，但如果放在抽屉里20年，它就会变得干燥 且容易断裂，德克萨斯大学的心脏专家Dr. Ben Levine说。这就是心脏发生的情况。幸运 的是，对于那些中年人，Levine发现即使你过去不是一个热衷于锻炼的人，现在开始锻炼 可能会帮助改善你老化的心脏。Levine和他的研究团队挑选了 45到6

9、4岁之间的志愿者，他们没有进行太多的锻炼, 但其他方面都很健康。参与者被随机分为两组。第一组每周三次参与非有氧锻炼计划一一 平衡训练和体重训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周四天或更多天进行高强度有氧运动。两 年后，第二组在心脏健康方面取得了显著的改善。“我们拿到这些50岁的心脏，并将时钟倒回到30岁或35岁的心脏，”Levine说。他 们之所以变得更强更健康，是因为他们的心脏现在能够更好地填充并在锻炼中泵送更多的 血液。但是，那些参与低强度锻炼的人的心脏并没有发生变化，他说。生命中开始锻炼的最佳时机，如果你还没有开始的话，是在中年晚期，那时心脏还具 有弹性，Levine说。“我们让健康的70岁老人

10、进行了为期一年的锻炼训练，但他们什么都 没有发生。美国心脏协会的女发言人Dr. Nieca Goldberg说，Levine的发现是一个很好的 开始。但是这项研究规模较小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定锻炼程序的哪些方 面产生最大的差异。difference.32. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?A. The right way of exercising.B. The causes of a heart attack.C. The difficulty of keeping fit.D. Th

11、e aging process of the heart.33. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?A. Diet plan. B. Professional background.C. Exercise type. D. Previous physical condition.34. What does Levines research find?A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.B. High-int

12、ensity exercise is more suitable for the young.C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.35. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?A. Making use of the findings. B. Interviewing the study participants.C. Conducting further rese

13、arch. D. Clarifying the purpose of the study.【难度分析】1欧标CEFRC1 （雅思7）词汇A2;句式Cl2文本可读性相当于美国9-10年级学生水平Flesch Kincaid Grade 7.05Gunning Fog Index 9.183阅读分级指难针：【文本结构分析】段落内容概述关键细节说明1描述了随着年龄的增长，即使是健康的人，心脏在处理氧气方面的效率也会下降。并 指出不锻炼的人可能会更早体验到这种变化。年龄与心脏效率随年龄增长，心脏处理氧气的效率会减弱。首个迹象出现的时间大多数人在50或60岁初开始出现这种迹象。不锻炼的影响不锻炼的人可能

14、会更早体验到这种变化。2Dr. Ben Levine比喻心脏的老化过程，并指出中年人通过锻炼可以改善其老化的心脏。Dr. Ben Levine 的比喻心脏的老化过程就像放置了 20年的橡皮筋。锻炼的好处即使之前不经常锻炼，现在开始也能帮助改善老化的心脏。3描述了 Levine和他的研究团队如何选择和分组参与者，以及他们发现的结果。研究参与者的条件45至64岁，健康，但之前锻炼不多。研究的两个分组1）无氧锻炼；2）有氧锻炼。研究结果进行有氧锻炼的组在心脏健康方面有显著的改善。4Levine描述了研究结果的具体影响，并强调了开始锻炼的最佳时期。有氧锻炼的益处使心脏更强壮，血液循环更好。最佳的锻炼开

15、始时期中年晚期，当心脏仍然有一定的灵活性。70岁者的锻炼效果经过一年的锻炼，他们的心脏并没有发生变化。5Dr. Nieca Goldberg对Levine的发现给予了认可，但也指出研究的局限性。Dr. Nieca Goldberg 的观点Levine的发现是一个良好的开端。研究的局限性研究规模小，需要在更大的人群中重复以确定哪些方面的锻炼最为有效。【答案解析】32-35 DCAC32题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章中的句子Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20

16、years and it will become dry and easily broken/1 says Dr. Ben Levine. Thats what happens to the heart.（想想一个橡皮筋。开始时， 它是灵活的，但如果你把它放在抽屉里20年，它会变得干燥且容易断裂，”Dr. Ben Levine 说。这就是心脏发生的情况。）可推知，Levine通过提及橡皮筋是为了解释心脏的老化过程。 故选D。【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中的句子Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first gr

17、oup participated in a program of nonaerobic （无氧） exercisebalance training and weight trainingthree times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.（参与者被随机分为两组。第一组每周参与三次的无氧运动一一平衡训练和重量训 练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天或更多的高强度有氧运动。）可推知，两

18、组在研究 设计上的差异是运动类型。故选C。【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中的句子We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts/1 says Levine. uAnd the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump （泵送）a lot more blood during exercise.（我们拿这些

19、50岁的心脏，把时间倒转到30岁或35岁 的心脏，”Levine说。而他们变得如此强壮和健康的原因是，他们的心脏现在可以在运动 期间更好地填补并泵送更多的血液。”）可推知，Levine的研究发现中年的心脏通过有氧运 动可以变得更年轻。故选A。35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章中的句子Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levines findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated

20、 with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.（美国心脏协会的发言人 Dr. Nieca Goldberg说，Levine的发现是一个很好的开始。但这项研究规模较小，需要在更大 的人群中重复，以确定哪些运动习惯的方面产生了最大的差异。）可推知，Dr. Nieca Goldberg 建议进行进一步的研究。故选C。【重点单词】B2级别WordPart of Speech Pronunciation Chin

21、ese Translation efficient adjective /Ifif.snt/ 高效的 有弹性的 volunteernoun/ar.lantir/ 志愿者balance training noun phrase /bcel.ons trei.mi/ 平衡训练processverb/proo.ses/ 处理otherwiseadverb否则；在其他方面 guidancenoun /gai.dans/ 指导 参与trainernoun/trei.nar/ 训练者 intense adjective /intens/ 强烈的Cl级别：WordPart of Speech Pronunc

22、iation Chinese Translation aerobic adjective /earoo.bik/ 有氧的 nonaerobicadjective/.nDn.earoo.bik/无氧的high-intensityadjective/hai intEnsiti/高强度的pumpverb/pAmp/泵送【重点语块】1 .as we age:随着我们的老化2 .process oxygen:处理氧气3 .the first signs:第一迹象4 .think of a rubber band:想象一个橡皮筋5 .heart specialist:心脏专家6 .enthusiastic

23、 exerciser:热衷于锻炼的人7 .get in shape:保持身体健康8 .participants were randomly divided:参与者被随机分组9 .nonaerobic （无氧）exercise:无氧锻炼10 .high-intensity aerobic exercise:高强度有氧运动11 .remarkable improvements in heart health:心脏健康显著改善12 .turn the clock back:倒退时光13 .fill a lot better and pump （泵送）a lot more blood:更好地装满并泵送

24、更多的血液1.1 1ess intense exercise:强度较低的运动1.5 sweet spot in life:生活中的最佳时期1.6 start exercising:开始锻炼17 .the heart still has flexibility:心脏仍然有弹性18 .spokeswoman for the American Heart Association:美国心脏协会的女发言人19.need to be repeated with far larger groups:需要在更大的人群中重复【长难句分析】1 Fortunately for those in midlife, L

25、evine is finding that even if you havent been an enthusiastic exerciser; getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.【分析】that even if. your aging heart”为that引导的宾语从句，做is finding的宾 语。其中，又嵌套着even if引导的让步状语从句。【译文】幸运的是，对于那些中年人，Levine发现即使你过去不是一个热衷于锻炼的 人，现在开始锻炼可能会帮助改善你老化的心脏。2 Levine and his rese

26、arch team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy.【分析】“who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy”为 who 引导的定语 从句。此处，otherwise意为在其他方面。aged between 45 and 64为后置定语，修饰 volunteers o【译文】Levine和他的研究团队挑选了 45到64岁之间的志愿者，他们没有进行太 多的锻炼，但其他方面都很健康。3

27、 And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump （泵送）a lot more blood during exercise.【分析】they got so much stronger and fitter为省略了关系副词why的定语从句（先 行词为 the reason） o【译文】他们之所以变得更强更健康，是因为他们的心脏现在能够更好地填充并在锻 炼中泵送更多的血液。4 But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.【分析which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference”为宾语从句，