甘肃省兰州市等5地2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末英语 Word版含解析.docx

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1、2023年高二第二学期期末学业质量监测卷英语试题本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考生注意:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写往答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡 o写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题

2、，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18. C. 9.15.答案是c。1. What does the woman want to do?A. Watch the concert. B. Make an advertisement. C. Get her money back.2. When does the woman plan to arrive at the aiiport?A. At 1:30. B. At 2:00

3、. C. At 3:30.3. Why does the woman talk with the man?A. To interview him. B. To get a book review. C. To publish a book.4. Where will the man go?A. To the bakers. B. To the supermarket. C. To the butchers.5. What made the man surprised?A. The womans diet. B. The womans height. C. The womans figure.第

4、二节（共15小题;每小题L5分，满分22.5分）technology worrying, Ayub said caregivers could readily use it. Moving forward, researchers will conduct user studies with people without disabilities, then people with dementia.12. What is the technology about according to Paragraph 1?A. Robots can help fetch objects that pe

5、ople need.B. Robots can help find objects people have lost.C. Robots can locate the lost people with dementia.D. Robots can accompany people with dementia.13. What does the underlined word “diminishes“ in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Improves.B. Adjusts.C. Highlights.D. Reduces.14. What is the basic and

6、most important part of the technology?A. A new artificial memory.B. A friendly companion robot.C. The object-detection camera.D. The lost objects names.15. What is the authors attitude towards the future of this technology?A. Disapproving.B. Challenging.C. Optimistic.D. Doubtful.【答案】12.B13. D 14. A

7、15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了滑铁卢大学的工程师们发现了一种新的方法，可以给机器人编程， 帮助痴呆症患者找到他们需要但丢失的药品、眼镜、手机和其他物品。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 u Engineers at the University of Waterloo have discovered a new way to program robots to help people with dementia（痴呆）locate medicine, glasses, phones and other objects they need but have lost.

8、（滑铁卢大学的工程师们发现了一种新的方法，可以给机器人编程，帮助痴呆症患者找到他们需要但 丢失的药品、眼镜、手机和其他物品。）”可知，这项技术是关于机器人可以帮助寻找人们丢失的物品。 故选Bo【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文提到的 “Many of these individuals repeatedly forget the location of everyday objects,（这些人中的许多人反复忘记日常物品的位置，）”和下文提到的“and places additional burdens on caregivers.（给照顾者带来了额外的负担。）”可知，痴呆症患者因为需要

9、经常寻找日常物品，从而降低了 他们的生活质量。所以diminishes为“减少；降低”之意。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段 u Engineers believed a companion robot with an occasional memory of its own could be a game-changer in such situations. And they succeeded in using artificial intelligence to create a new kind of artificial memory.（工程师们相信，在这种情况下，拥有

10、自己偶尔记忆力的伴侣机器人可以改变游戏规则。 他们成功地利用人工智能创造了一种新的人工记忆。）”可知，这种新的人工记忆是伴侣机器人最核心的 部分。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 u Tests have shown the system is highly accurate. And while some individuals with dementia might find the technology wonying, Ayub said caregivers could readily use it. Moving forward, researchers will c

11、onduct user studies with people without disabilities, then people with dementia.（测试表明， 该 系统具有很高的准确性。虽然一些痴呆症患者可能会发现这项技术令人担忧，但Ayub说，照顾者可以很 容易地使用它。展望未来，研究人员将对非残疾人士进行用户研究，然后对痴呆症患者进行研究。）”可 推断，“作者对该项技术充满乐观。故选C。第二节（共5小题海小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Teaching yourself to become mo

12、re grateful can make a huge difference in your overall happiness. Gratitude helps you experience more positive emotions, decrease depression, feel better about yourself, improve your relationships, and strengthen your immune system. 16Give sincere thanks to others. When someone goes above and beyond

13、 or does something to make your day easier, be quick to speak out your thanks and appreciation. 17 Its an instant reward to see how expressing gratitude makes a positive difference in someone elses day. It makes you realize that were all connected and that what you do matters.Keep a gratitude journa

14、l. 18 It may sound cheesy, but writing down the good things that happened to you during the day really works. Actually, keeping a gratitude journal is a powerful technique that instantly makes you feel happier, more connected to others, and genuinely appreciative.19 Think of someone who did somethin

15、g that changed your life for the better who you never properly thanked. Write a thoughtful letter of gratitude expressing what the person did, how it affected you, and what it still means to you. Then deliver the letter. Positive psychology expert Martin Seligman recommends reading the letter in per

16、son for the most dramatic increase in happiness.Find the positive in a negative event from your past. 20 Reevaluate a negative event from your past with an eye for what you learned or how you became stronger, wiser, or more sympathetic. When you can find meaning in even the bad things youve experien

17、ced, you will be happier and more grateful.A. Write a letter of gratitude.B. How can we express our gratitude?C. Positive reactions contribute to long-lasting gratitude.D. Here are some exercises you can practice to increase gratitude.E. Even the most painful circumstances can teach us positive less

18、ons.F. Make it a habit to regularly put down the things you have to be thankful for.G. Not only will it make the person feel good, but also it will give you a happiness lift, too.【答案】16.D17. G 18. F 19. A 20. E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可以让人变得感恩 一些具体做法。【16题详解】前文 u Teaching yourself to become more gratefu

19、l can make a huge difference in your overall happiness. Gratitude helps you experience more positive emotions, decrease depression, feel better about yourself, improve your relationships, and strengthen your immune system.（教会自己变得更加感恩，会对你的整体幸福感产生巨大的 影响。感恩能让你体验到更多积极的情绪，减少抑郁，自我感觉更好，改善人际关系，增强免疫系统。）” 解释变

20、得感恩的好处，后文的段落提供变得感恩的具体方法，D项uHere are some exercises you can practice to increase gratitude.（这里有一些练习，你可以实践来增加感激之情。）”符合语境,承上启下，其中的gratitude 和前文的Gratitude是同词复现。故选D。【17题详解】前文 “When someone goes above and beyond or does something to make your day easier, be quick to speak out your thanks and appreciation.

21、（当有人做了一些让你的一天更轻松的事情时，要迅速地表达你的感谢和感激。） 建议表达感谢和感激，后文 “Its an instant reward to see how expressing gratitude makes a positive difference in someone else，s day.（看到表达感激之情给别人的一天带来了积极的变化，这是一种即时的奖励。）”解释 去表达的好处，G 项 “Not only will it make the person feel good, but also it will give you a happiness lift, too. （

22、它不仅会让人感觉良好，也会给你一个快乐的提升。）”符合语境，同样是解释好处，承上启下，其中的让 指代前文的 be quick to speak out your thanks and appreciationo 故选 Go【18题详解】前文“Keep a gratitude journal.（写感恩日记。）”是段落主旨句，建议写感恩日记，后文“It may sound cheesy, but writing down the good things that happened to you during the day really works.（这可能听起来很俗气， 但写 下白天发生在你身上

23、的好事真的很有效。）”解释写日记的好处，F项Make it a habit to regularly put down the things you have to be thankful for.（养成习惯，定期记下你要感谢的事情。）”符合语境，展开说明记录感 恩的事情，承上启下。故选F。【19题详解】空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段落主旨句一样使用祈使句的形式。后文 “Think of someone who did something that changed your life for the better who you never properly than

24、ked. Write a thoughtful letter of gratitude expressing what the person did, how it affected you, and what it still means to you. （想想那些做了一些让你的生活变得更好的事情，而你却从未好好感谢过的人。写一封体贴的感谢信，表达 对方所做的事，这件事对你的影响，以及这件事对你的意义。）”具体介绍给未曾感谢过的人认真写感谢信， A项“Write a letter of gratitude.（写一封感谢信。）”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选A。【20题详解】前文“Find th

25、e positive in a negative event from your past.（从过去的消极事件中找至lj积极的一面。）”是段落 主旨句，建议从消极中看到积极的一面，后文 u Reevaluate a negative event from your past with an eye for what you learned or how you became stronger, wiser, or more sympathetic.（重新评估你过去的负面事件，看看你从 中学到了什么，或者你是如何变得更强大、更聪明或更有同情心的。）”具体介绍如何从消极中学到积极的 东西，E 项

26、“Even the most painful circumstances can teach us positive lessons.（即使是最痛苦的情况也能给我 们积极的教训。）”符合语境，说明痛苦的情况也有其价值，承上启下。故选E。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。To this day her kindness brings tears to my eyes.It was from more than 15 years ago and I felt like

27、Id always been too embarrassed to 21 her properly.I hope to share this so that there911 be more 22 in the office. I was the idiot （白痴）“ in the office and my23 was annoyed by my inability. I watched secretly from the comer as my manager 24 to the CFO （财务总监）about how I wasnt 25, and that I was extreme

28、ly slow to learn, before actually callingme an idiot. I believed what she said and felt 26.However, Teresa who was my managers assistant was so 27 to my trouble, and she would stay back each day to teach me ever so patiently. She knew of my personal 28, and would call me to make sure Ididnt 29 to my

29、 bad habit （which Im not yet ready to share here）. She never wanted attention, always30 me when no one is watching, and she had no agenda.With her help and the confidence she 3j in me, I finally advanced and doubled my salary after justover a year. Actually, I was 32 after my managers complaint but

30、got promoted a few times in the nextcompany. However, her biggest 33 to me was simply that she cared for me. So I had to believe in myself.Kindness is a gift. I hope to return the 34 to Teresa one day, and to 35 the same21. A. remindB. informC. thankD. replace22. A. sympathyB. enthusiasmC. ambitionD

31、. consideration23. A. colleagueB. managerC. assistantD. partner24. A. declaredB. demonstratedC. complainedD. introduced25 A. imaginativeB. unbelievableC. valuableD. teachable26. A. ashamedB. helplessC. scaredD.angry27. A. sensitiveB. relevantC. accessibleD. insensible28. A. standardsB. beliefsC. qua

32、litiesD. struggles29. A. leadB. devoteC. slipD. apply30. A. caring forB. believing inC. focusing onD. depending on31. A. taughtB. broughtC. passedD. placed32. A. blamedB. hiredC. firedD. praised33. A. benefitB. creditC. awardD. gift34. A. rewardB. favourC. gratitudeD. encouragement35. A. offerB. cat

33、chC. createD. grasp【答案】21.C22. A23. B 24. C25. D 26. B 27. A28. D 29. C 30. Aopportunity to others.31.D 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了十五年前作者在工作中遇到困难，学东西非常慢的时候，得到了 一位叫Teresa的同事的耐心帮助，感受到了她的关心和善良。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是15年前的事了，我觉得我一直都不好意思好好感谢她。A. remind提醒；B. inform 通知；C. thank 感谢；D. replac

34、e 替代。根据上文 “To this day her kindness brings tears to my eyes. ” 可知，作者直到今天还在被她的善良打动，因此是想感谢她。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望与大家分享这一点，这样办公室里就会有更多的同情。A. sympathy同情；B. enthusiasm热情；C.ambition野心；D.consideration考虑。根据下文作者被经理抱怨学东西慢，Teresa耐 心地帮助作者，非常关心她可知，Teresa展现了同情心，因此作者是想让办公室里有更多的同情。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是办公室里

35、的“白痴”，我的经理对我的无能很恼火。A.colleague同事；B. manager 经理；C. assistant 助理；D. partner 伙伴。根据下文 I watched secretly from the corner as my manager v 可知，作者的无能让她的经理很恼火。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在角落里偷偷地看着我的经理向财务总监抱怨我是如何的难以教育，我学得 非常慢，然后才真正地叫我白痴。A. declared声明；B. demonstrated演示；C. complained抱怨；D. introduced 介绍。根据下文“that I

36、was extremely slow to learn”可知，作者学得非常慢，因此经理是在向财务总监抱 怨。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在角落里偷偷地看着我的经理向财务总监抱怨我是如何的难以教育，我学 得非常慢，然后才真正地叫我白痴。A. imaginative富有想象力的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. valuable 有价值的;D. teachable可教的。根据下文“that I was extremely slow to learn”可知，作者学得非常慢，因 此经理会觉得作者难以教育。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信了她的话

37、，感到很无助。A. ashamed羞愧的；B.helpless无助的；C. scared受惊的；D.angry生气。根据上文“I believed what she said”和常识可知，作者相信了经理对她的评 价，认为自己难以教育，是个“白痴”，作为一个职场新人，作者在这种情况下应该会觉得非常无助。故 选Bo【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的经理助理Teresa对我的烦恼非常敏感，她每天都会留下来耐心地 教我。A. sensitive敏感的；B. relevant相关的；C.accessible平易近人的；D.insensible昏迷的。根据下文 “ she would st

38、ay back each day to teach me ever so patiently ” 可知，Teresa 每天都会留下来耐心地教作者，因 此是对作者的烦恼非常敏感，察觉到了作者的烦恼，be sensitive to是固定短语，意为“对敏感”。故 选Ao28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道我的个人挣扎，并会打电话给我，以确保我没有滑向我的坏习惯（我还 没有准备好在这里分享）。A. standards标准;B. beliefs信念；C qualities品质；D. struggles挣扎。根据下文 uand would call me to make sure I didnt 9

39、 to my bad habit” 可知，Teresa 会给作者电话，让作者不被坏习惯影响，由此推知，她应该是知道作者在挣扎的时候会做不好的事情。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道我的个人挣扎，并会打电话给我，以确保我没有滑向我的坏习惯（我还 没有准备好在这里分享）。A.lead导致；B.devote奉献；C.slip陷入；D.apply应用。根据下文“tomybad habit”可推知，slip符合语境，slip to是固定短语、意为“滑向”，表示在某种情况下，无意中或不经意地 进入或陷入某种状态，句中表示作者在这种职场上很困难的时候滑向坏习惯。故选C。【30题详解】考查动

40、词短语词义辨析。句意：她从不想要（受到）关注，总是在没人注意、而且她没有任何日程的时候 关心我。A. caring for 关心；B. believing in 相信；C. focusing on 专注于；D. depending on 依靠。根据下文“she cared for me”可知,Teresa总是在关心作者。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的帮助和对我的信任下，我终于在一年多后获得了晋升，薪水翻了一番。A. taught 教;B. brought 带来；C. passed 传递；D. placed 放置。根据上文 “theconfidence” 和下文 “in m

41、e” 可知，placed “放置”符合语境，place confidence in sb.是固定短语，意为“信任某人”，表示Teresa相信 作者。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，我是在经理抱怨后被解雇的，但在下一家公司得到了几次提升。A. blamed 责备；B.hired 雇用；C.行red 解雇；D. praised 称赞。根据下文 “after my managers complaint” 可推知，在 经理的抱怨下，作者被解雇了。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她给我最大的礼物就是她关心我。A. benefit利益；B. credit信用；C.

42、 award 奖；D. gift礼物。根据下文“Kindness is a gift.”可知，作者把Teresa的善良当作一份礼物，因此gift “礼 物”符合语境，契合文章的主旨，表示她给了作者关心这个礼物。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望有一天能回报Teresa,并为他人提供同样的机会。A. reward奖励；B. favour 恩惠；C. gratitude感恩；D. encouragement鼓励。根据上文作者被经理抱怨学东西慢，Teresa耐心地帮助作 者，非常关心她可知，作者会想报答Teresa, return the favour是固定短语，意为“报答，回报”

43、。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望有一天能回报Teresa,并为他人提供同样的机会。A. offer提供；B. catch 抓住；C. create 创建；D. grasp 握紧。根据上文 uHowever, her biggest 13 to me was simply that shecared for me.v和下文uthe same opportunity v可知，作者得到了 Teresa的关心，心存感激，会想要和她一 样做一个善良的人，为他人提供同样的机会。故选A。第二节（共10小题海小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的

44、正确形式。The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Summer(Chinese Pinyin: Li Xia), the 7th term of the year, 36 (begin) on May 6 and ends on May 20 this year.The term Start of Summer 37 (originate) at the end of the Warring States Period (239BC). Since it is a

45、 crucial time for the harvest of summer crops, ancient Chinese emperors in different 38 (dynasty) attached great importance 39 the Start of Summer.In the Zhou Dynasty (1050-221 BC), the emperor encouraged his residents 40 (seize) the key time to do farm work. Its said 41 most of the decorations were

46、 arranged in the color red, 42 (include) the emperor and the officials dress, the horses and the flags, in order to show respect to the god of summer and pray for 43 good harvest.According to Chinese traditional medicine, Start of Summer is a key time to moisten(湿润)the heart. When the weather grows

47、44 (hot) than before, dampness and heat can affect human health. Food rich in vitamins and cool in nature is 45 (high) recommended. Vegetables, such as cucumbers, tomatoes, watercress and fruits that include watermelons, pears and strawberries are top recommendations.【答案】36. begins37. was originated

48、38. dynasties39. to 40. to seize41. that 42. including43. a 44. hotter45. highly【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国24节气之一一一立夏的由来和习俗。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：中国传统的农历把一年分为24个节气。立夏(汉语拼音：立夏)是一年中的第七个节 气，从5月6日开始，到今年5月20日结束。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语Start of Summer是第三 人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填begins。【37题详解】考查时态和语态。句意:“立夏” 一词起源于战国末期(公元前239年)。根据时间状语at the end of the Warring States Period(239BC)可知，用一般过去时。动词 originate 是及物动词，与主语 The term Start of Summer之间为被动关系，