2023年祁门县考研《英语一》深度预测试题含解析.docx

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1、2023年祁门县考研英语一深度预测试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Jeans father was a farm plane pilot in the little farming community in Northern California where she was raised, and 1J

2、ean was totally attracted by airplanes and flying.In her senior year of high school, her English teacher was Mrs. Dorothy Slaton. Mrs. Slaton was a 2 demanding teacher with high standards and a low 3 for excuses. She refused to treat her students like 4 instead expecting them to behave like the 5 ad

3、ults they would have to be to succeed in the real world after graduation. Jean was 6 of her at first but grew to respect her firmness and fairness gradually.One day Mrs. Slaton gave the class a written 7nWhat do you think youll be doing 10 years from now? Jeans dream was to be a pilot like her fathe

4、r, but as the years went by, she had been beaten down by the 8 and negative words she got whenever she talked about her career, so she unwillingly gave it up and wrote something else. Mrs. Slaton collected the papers and nothing more was said. Two weekslater, the teacher handed back the assignments,

5、 9 the students to face it down on the desk, and asked this question: If you had enough finances and unlimited 10 what would you do? Please write it onthe 11 of your previous assignment paper.When the students stopped writing, the teacher asked, How many of you wrote the same thing on 12 sides of th

6、e paper?nNot one hand went up.The next thing that Mrs. Slaton said changed the course of Jeans life. The teacher leaned forward 13 her desk and said, nI have a little secret for you all. You do have 14 abilities and talents. You do have access to the finest schools, and you canaiTange plenty of fina

7、nces if you want something 15 enough. This is it! When you leave school,16 you dont go foryour dreams, no one will do it for you. You can have 17 you want if you want it enough.What her teacher said touched Jean so much! In the following years, she tried her best to realize her dream of becoming a p

8、ilot.Although it didnt happen 18 she finally became one of the first three female pilot trainees ever 19 by UnitedAirlines. Today, Jean Harper is a Boeing 737 captain.It was the power of one well-placed 20 word that gave that uncertain young girl the strength and faith to pursue her1、A. soB.therefor

9、eC. besides2、A. hard-workingB.kindC. strict3、A. interestB.toleranceC. courage4、 A. childrenB.boysC. girlsdream.D. otherwiseD. lazyD. helpD. students4. A5. A6. D7. B8. D9. A10. B11. B12. D13. C14. B15. B16. A17. B18. A19. C20. DSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. D2. B3. D4. A3、1. C2. C3. A4. B4、1.

10、D2. A3. D4. B5、1. A4. A 6、1. most popular2. among/ with3. . unhealthy4. a5. . that/ which6. another7. consists8. . dressed9. creative10. combining7、1. which2. . deaths3. . However4. an5. . extremely6. , more7. injured8. lay9. between10. to recoverSection III Translation8、1. C2. G3. D4. B5. E9、1. F2.

11、 C3. G5、A. responsibleB. notableC. knowledgeableD. capable6、A. boredB frustratedC. tiredD. scared7、A. homeworkB. assignmentC, paperD. lecture8、A. approvingB. inspiringC. indifferentD. discouraging9、A. requiringB. suggestingC. demandingD. hoping10、A. workB. chancesC. moneyD. problems11、A. titleB. bac

12、kC. rightD. front12、A. sameB. differentC. neitherD. both13、A. inB. onC. overD. under14、A. limitedB. unlimitedC. countableD. reasonable15、A. hardlyB. badlyC. impossiblyD. likely16、A. ifB. unlessC , whetherD. until17、 A. thatB . whatC. whichD. when18、A. overnightB. some dayC. the other dayD. fortnight

13、19、A. realizedB , receivedC. acceptedD. accomplished20 A. encouragedB. sensitiveC. meaningD. positiveSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1

14、Microsoft has developed a new smartphone app that interprets eye signals and translates them into letters, allowing peoplewith motor neurone disease to communicate with others from a phone.The GazeSpeak app combines a smartphones camera with artificial intelligence to recognize eye movements in real

15、 time and convert them into letters, words and sentences.For people suffering from ALS (渐冻症),also known as motor neurone disease, eye movement can be the only way they are able to communicate.Current eye-tracking input systems for people with ALS or other motor impairments are expensive, not robust

16、undersunlight, and inconvenient to operate and carry,“ said Xiaoyi Zhang,a researcher at Microsoft who developed the technology.“To overcome the drawbacks, we created GazeSpeak, which is designed to be low-cost, robust, portable and easy to learn.”The app is used by the listener by pointing his smar

17、tphone at the speaker. A chart that can be stuck to the back of the smartphone is then used by the speaker to determine which eye movements to make in order to communicate.The sticker shows four grids of letters, which each corresponds to a different eye movement. By looking up, down, left or right,

18、 the speaker selects which grids the letters they want belong to. The artificial intelligence system is then able to predict the word or sentence they are trying to say.Zhangs research, Smartphone-Based Gaze Gesture Communication for People with Motor Disabilities, is set to be presented at the Conf

19、erence on Human Factors in Computing Systems in May.1、Whats the major function of Paragraph 1?A. To arouse the readers concern.B , To summarize the whole passage.C. To state how GazeSpeak app works.D. To introduce the topic of the passage.2、The GazeSpeak app is designed to .A. convert eye movements

20、into letters, words and sentencesB. help ALS sufferers communicate with othersC. use artificial intelligence to control a cameraD. be used by the people who talk with ALS sufferers3、The GazeSpeak app is an eye-tracking input system which is .A. expensiveB. inconvenientC. not robustD. Portable4、The a

21、rtificial intelligence system is able to predict the words by .A. selecting the right letters through eye movementsB. pointing smartphone at the speakerC - sticking a chart to the smartphoneD. showing four grids of letters to the listenersText 2Steve and I pulled trash for four solid hours continuou

22、sly, except for about five minutes when we stopped to talk. My shoulder hurt badly each time I put another full barrel on it, and my legs occasionally trembled as I was heading for the street. But the rest of me said, Go, trashman, go.”I could not have imagined there would be joy in this. Dump. Lift

23、. Walk. Lift. Walk. The hours flew by. Saturday meant many people were outdoors working in their gardens or greenhouses. Most of them looked approachable enough. There wasnt time for lengthy talks but enough to exchange greetings that go with civilized ways. But I was shocked to find that this wasnt

24、 the case.When I said hello to them, most often the response was either nothing at all, or a surprising stare because I had spoken.One woman in a housecoat was startled as I came around the corner of her house. At the sound of my greeting, she gathered her housecoat tightly about her and retreated q

25、uickly to the door. I heard the lock click.Steve complained angrily on the long ride to the dump: They dont realize were humans.I had originally planned to stay at this employment fbr only two days but now Im going to continue. I have decided, too, to keep saying hello in peoples yards. Tt doesnt do

26、 any harm, and it still feels right. Frankly, Im doing an essential task. I left this country a little cleaner than I found it this morning. Not many people can say that tonight.John Gardner wrote that a society which praises its philosophers and looks down on its plumbers （管子工）is in trouble. “Neith

27、er its pipes nor its theories will hold water J he warned. He might have gone a step further and called fbr respect fbr both our economists and our trashmen; otherwise, they91! both leave rubbish behind.1、How did the woman feel when she heard the authors greeting?A. Doubtful. B. Embarrassed.C. Frigh

28、tened. D. Pitiful.2、At the end of the passage, whafs the authors attitude to his job?A. He is ashamed of it. B. He is boastful about it.C. He is proud of it. D. He isnt serious about it.3、What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A. Both the facilities and the thoughts of society

29、may go wrong.B. Both the trashmen and the economists should not be respected.C. Both practice and theories are important.D. Both the pipes and the theories make sense.4、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. An Experience as a Trashman B. The TrashmanC. Economists and Trashmen

30、D. MisunderstandingText 3Patients in the early stages of Alzheimers disease often struggle to remember recently learned information, meaning they forget things like important appointments or where they left their keys. But it seems that these memories are not lost. They are still filed away in the b

31、rain somewhere; they just cant be easily accessed.Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimers. The method relies on a technique that uses light to control genetically modified neurons （转基因神经元）.Currently it is too early to be used in human

32、 trials as it involves inserting light emitting （发光）equipment into the subjects brains, but the same principles still apply, the researchers said.“The important point is that this is evidence of concept. That is, even if a memory seems to be gone, it is still there. Ifs a matter of how to get it bac

33、k,“ said senior researcher Susumu Tonegawa.The team took two groups of mice, one genetically engineered to develop Alzheimers and one healthy. They then placed them into a room and gave them a mild electric shock. All of the mice showed fear when put back in an hour later. When placed in the room a

34、third time several days later, the Alzheimers mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock.The researchers were then able to bring back the memory of the shock by activating （激活）the cells in which the memories were stored. Even when the mice were put into an unfamiliar room, they showed fear wh

35、en the cells associated with the shock were activated.Short-term memory seems to be normal, on the order of hours. But for long-term memory, these early-Alzheimer mice seem to be damaged J said lead researcher Dheeraj Roy. Directly activating the cells that we believe are holding the memory helps th

36、em get it back. This suggests that it is indeed an access problem to the information, not that theyre unable to learn or store this memory.1、What can we learn about the researchers at MIT?A. They are the pioneers of brain research.B. They have used the method in human trials.C. They can cure Alzheim

37、ers using the new method.D. They can get back memories in mice with Alzheimers.2、Why did the Alzheimers mice behave normally a third time?A. They failed to remember the electric shock.B. They were accustomed to the situation.C - They managed to overcome the fear.D. They activated the association.3、F

38、or long-term memory, the early Alzheimers mice.A. can activate their blood cellsB. cant learn new tricks wellC , can easily get back their memoryD. cant access the information stored4、The main purpose of the text is to.A. introduce a method of a researchB , report the latest discovery about a diseas

39、eC , give advice on how to improve memory D , explain how our brain stores information Text 4New research in monkeys may provide a clue about how the brain manages vast amounts of information and remembers what it needs.The researchers found that when monkeys were taught to remember computer clip ar

40、t pictures, their brains reduced the level of detail by sorting the pictures into categories for recall, such as images that contained people,” buildings,” flowers J and animals. The categorizing cells were found in the hippocampus, an area of the brain that processes sensory information into memory

41、. In the experiment each monkey was shown one clip art picture, and after a delay of one to 30 seconds, picked the original out of two to six different images to get a juice reward.By recording cell activity during hundreds of these trials in which the pictures were all different, the researchers no

42、ticed that certain cells were more active when the pictures contained similar features, such as images of people - but not other objects. They found that different cells coded images that fit different categories. The category cells grouped images based on common features - a strategy to improve mem

43、ory. For example, the same cell responded to both tulips and daisies because they are both flowers.n“While such categorization is a highly efficient memory process, it may also have a downside/9 said Deadwyler Ph.D., “when the trials included more than one picture with people in it, instead of diffe

44、rent images, the monkeys often confused the image with a picture of other people.1 So learning more about how the brain remembers could have far-reaching benefits. nIf we can understand in advance how the brain works when decisions are made, we can predict when the brain will make a mistake, and cor

45、rect it, said Tim Pons, Ph.D.This finding about how large amounts of information are processed by the brain will help us to ultimately achieve that goal.11、The purpose of the experiments on monkeys is to find out.A. how the brain processes amounts of information into memoryB , the area of the brain

46、that processes sensory information into memoryC. how the monkeys respond to different thingsD. what is the monkeys most likely to remember2 The research indicates numerous information can be remembered more easily by.A. remembering the detailsB , separating it into categories C , showing a lot of pi

47、ctures D. remembering all features3、According to the research, which of the following images may confuse the monkeys? A. Books, toys and carsB. Plants, animals and people C. Tulips, daisies and roses D. People, buildings and flowers 4、What can we learn from the last paragraph? A , Further study on h

48、ow the brain remembers has more benefits B. Categorization is the best way to improve memory C. We can predict when the brain will make a mistake D. How the brain remembers has been found out Part B Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A