第15讲阅读理解推理判断题（精讲）-2024年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考）.docx

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1、【一轮复习讲义】2024年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考通用） 第15讲阅读理解推理判断题（精讲）题型目录一览推断隐含意义推断作者写作意图推断作者态度或者语气推断文章出处入知识点梳理推理判断属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通 过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层含义 及隐含意义。高考对于推理判断的考查要求考生根据文章所提供的事实及自己的一些常识进 行合理的推断，判断作者的意图、人物的动机及性格特征和事件发生的前因后果等。解答该 类型题目时要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面含义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息

2、间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外音”。技巧点拨1 .推断隐含意义，题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude等标志性词语，根据题 干内容，在文中找到定位词或句，理解信息句的字面意思，结合已有常识，进行符合情理的 推断。2 .推断作者的观点和态度，要注意作者或文中人物的措辞及表达情感、态度或观点的 词语、句子，明确是问谁对什么事的态度，明确是作者或文中人物的观点而非主观臆断。3 .推断写作意图，要通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。4 .推断文章出处或读者对象，需要根据文章体裁、题材、内容、措辞判断，这类问题 应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处

3、。题型一推断隐含意义【典例1例1（2022全国甲卷）formso borrowers may have to refresh the site page or keep checking back. The application will be available through Dec. 31, 2023What the application asks for: It requires only basic information, including name, birth date, Social Security number, phone number and an e-mail

4、 address. Borrowers will not need whafs known as an FSA ID to log into the application, nor will they need to upload any documents, including tax records.Will borrowers need to prove they meet the plans income requirements? Instead of providing documents that confirm you, as an individual, earned $1

5、25,000 in 2020 or 2021 or, as a couple, less than $250, 000, the application simply asks borrowers to check a box to guarantee under the laws that all information provided on this form is true and correct.How long will it take to process each application? A matter of weeks. The department wants to r

6、elieve as many debts as possible before student loan payments restart in January.9. What is the text?A. An advertisement.B. A loan handbook. C. An official report. D.Adepartment work plan.【解析】A。推理判断题。根据第一段“A new version of a student loan forgiveness application will be officially launched by the Edu

7、cation Department later this month.（教育部将于本月晚些 时候正式推出新版学生贷款减免申请）”以及每段粗体字部分“How long the application will be up （申请将持续多长时间广;“What the application asks for （申请要求广;“Will borrowers need to prove they meet the plans income requirements?（借款人需要证明他们符合该计划的收入要求 吗？）”以及How long will it take to process each appli

8、cation?（处理每份申请需要多长时间？）“可 知，本文主要介绍了学生贷款减免申请相关事项，所以是一篇广告。6.Cory, aged 30, was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy （脊髓性肌萎缩症）at a very young age. Because of his condition, he began using a wheelchair at age 4. His mother, Sandy Gilbreath, raised him as a single parent. Although taking care of a child

9、 with a disability was challenging, she ensured that Cory didnt miss out on the fun things in life. Sandy took him on road trips during summer breaks throughout his childhood. The exciting experiences of exploring new places inspired him to set a lifelong goal of visiting all seven continents.Fortun

10、ately, Cory was able to do that just before the COVID-19 started. He and his mother traveled to Antarctica in February, just before the borders closed. It was the seventh and final continent off his list. He became the first-ever wheelchair user to visit all the seven continents!According to Cory, t

11、raveling in a wheelchair requires a wide range of planning and research. He starts his research six to twelve months before each trip, making sure that there are accessible transportation options in the location. He would also call up hotels or rental homes to confirm if they are truly as accessible

12、 as they claim to be.When Cory started going on adventures, there weren*t many online resources discussing accessible travel. To help other travelers with disabilities explore the world as he does, he decided to share his knowledge in his blog. Aiming to promote representation of the wheelchair-usin

13、g community, Coiy and his mother wrote a childrens book, titled Lets Explore with Cor Cor, which is about a boy who travels around the world in his powered wheelchair.Traveling to all seven continents wasn*t something I was sure was going to be possible/ he said. nBut if you stay determined and keep

14、 a positive attitude, the opportunities are limitless. 12. What worries Cory most about a trip?A. Rental fees.B. Local attractions.C. Accommodation.D. Transportation.【解析】选 Do 推理判断题。由第三段中的“According to Cory, traveling in a wheelchair requires a wide range of planning and research. He starts his resea

15、rch six to twelve months before each trip, making sure that there are accessible transportation options in the location.（科里认为，坐轮椅 旅行需要进行广泛的规划和研究。他在每次旅行前的六到十二个月开始他的研究，确保在这 个地方有方便的交通选择。），可知科里因为身体原因要坐轮椅旅行，所以在每次旅行前他研 究耍去的地方有没有方便的交通选择，可得出科里旅行时最担心的是交通问题。故选D项。 13. What can we learn from Cory*s story?A. Not

16、hing can prevent a determined heart. B. Disability can turn into an opportunity, C. Travelling shapes a positive attitude.D. Mom is the creator of childrens dreams.【解析】选 Ao 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Cory, aged 30, was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy （脊髓性肌萎缩症）at a very young age. Because of his condition,

17、he began using a wheelchair at age 4丁（科里今年30岁，在很小的时候就被诊断为脊髓性肌萎缩症。因为他的 身体状况，他从4岁开始使用轮椅第二段中的“He became the fkst-ever wheelchair user to visit all the seven continents!”（他成为有史以来第一个访问所有七大洲的轮椅使用者！）和最 后一段 “Traveling to all seven continents wasn,t something I was sure was going to be possible/1 he said. nB

18、ut if you stay determined and keep a positive attitude, the opportunities are limitless.,?（他说：“去所有七大洲旅行并不是我能确定的事。“但如果你保持坚定和积极的态度，机会 是无限的。），可知科里从小坐轮椅，但因为保持着坚定和积极的态度，他才能完成游览所 有七大洲的目标，可得出即使残疾，坚定的心也能帮助人们实现梦想，所以没有什么能阻止 一颗坚定的心。故选A项。7.Amazing FestivalsYi Peng Lantern Festival, ThailandThis wonderful unique

19、 Festival is celebrated in Chiang Mai, in November, every year. It is held on the full moon of the twelfth lunar month every year. Locals believe that this is the time when the moon is at its brightest and the rivers are filled to their fullest, so this is the best time to light a lantern or set a f

20、loating kratong“ off on the Ping River and make a wish.Holi Festival, IndiaHoli is a Hindu festival, which marks the beginning of spring. The holiday symbolizes the victory of good over evil, end of winter and it is celebrated as a thanksgiving for a good harvest.Day of the Dead MexicoThe origins of

21、 the Day of the Dead go back in time some 3000 years. Upon dying, a person was believed to travel to the Land of the Dead. The belief is that spirits return to the world of the living, for one day. The spirits are greeted with offerings of their favorite food and drinks.Carnival of Venice, ItalyThe

22、origins of the Venice Carnival are found in two different ancient traditions: the Latin Saturnalia and the Greek Dionysian cults-major religious festivals involving the use of masks and symbolic representations. They are made of leather, porcelain or using the original glass technique. The Carnival

23、ends with an important Christian event, the start of Lent, 40days before Easter.14. In which section of the Internet can we find this text?A. Culture.B. Economy.C. Well-being.D.Advertisement.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据可Amazing Festivals知，文章主要介绍了几个世界各地有 意思的传统节日，所以推断属于文化范畴。故选A。8.Along the coastline in northeaster

24、n Australia, many flying foxes are infected with a deadly disease. Thafs where Pam Tully comes in.Many mother flying fbxes fall from the trees and die. Pam walks miles in the rainforest, collecting babies still clinging （依偎）to their dying mothers. Ifs very tiring work. Pam relies on a few volunteers

25、 to help rescue the flying fbxes during the migration season. Usually, they are college students who come Down Under for a semester of life in the rainforest. Canace came from America to lend a hand to her aunt Pam, and to look fbr some kind of purpose in life after her mother passed away.Losing you

26、r mother is never easy, but for a teenage girl, the loss at a time of emotional need and guidance is particularly affecting. Going off to live in wilderness half a world away seemed a good thing to do. Pam accepted her with open arms and invited Canace to stay as long as she wanted. After all, she d

27、id need the help. So Pam taught Canace to feed the baby flying foxes, keep them wrapped in nappies, nurse them back to health and take them back into the wilderness to rejoin their families.Day after day, Pam led Canace through the rainforest, collecting babies and bringing them back to the shed whe

28、re they were treated by an animal doctor, fed every two hours by bottle and even taught to fly. Each flying fox released back into the wild was a victory. And each time one winged away, the loss Canace felt seemed just a little bit less.We never really get over the loss of a love done, but when we t

29、ake care of a weak creature, or reach out to somebody else who is hurting, the wound heals just a little bit, and the hurt becomes a memory of being loved.15. What do we know about Canace?A. She was expert at studying wildlife.B. She needed a new environment.C. Her major was related to tourism.D. Sh

30、e had rich experience in the wild.解析选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Many mother flying foxes fall from the trees and die. Pam walks miles in the rainforest, collecting babies still clinging （依偎）to their dying mothers.（许多狐妈妈从树上掉下来死掉了。Pam在雨林里走了几英里，收集那些还抱着垂死 母亲的婴儿）及Canace came from America to lend a hand to her aunt

31、Pam, and to look for some kind of purpose in life after her mother passed away.（Canace 从美国来帮助她的阿姨 Pam, 并在她母亲去世后寻找生活的目标广及下文内容可推知，Canace需要一个新的环境，以走 出失去亲人的阴影。故选B。16. Which can best describe Pam and Canaces job in the forest?A. Significant and rewarding.B. Colorful and amusing.C. Boring and disappointin

32、g.D. Dangerous and challenging.【解析】选Ao推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Many mother flying foxes fall from the trees and die. Pam walks miles in the rainforest, collecting babies still clinging （依彳畏）to their dying mothers许多狐妈妈从树上掉下来死掉了。Pam在雨林里走了几英里，收集那些还抱着垂死 母亲的婴儿）及Canace came from America to lend a hand to her aunt Pa

33、m, and to look fbr some kind of purpose in life after her mother passed away.（Canace 从美国来帮助她的阿姨 Pam, 并在她母亲去世后寻找生活的目标广及下文内容可知，全文讲述了 Pam和Canace在森林中 拯救那些失去母亲的小飞狐，同时Canace又能从失去亲人的阴影中走出来。由此推知，她 们的工作意义重大，同时也是非常值得的。故选A。9.Magic is a form of entertainment that is based on pretending to do things that are imp

34、ossible. The magician is a specially trained actor. He tries to make the audience believe that he has the power to do things which are against the laws of nature.Magic shows are entertaining as long as the audience does not discover how the tricks are done. The magician usually depends on his skill

35、with his hands, on his knowledge of psychology, and, sometimes, on mechanical devices （机械装置）.Since magic performance is meant to trick people, the use of psychology is important. The magician must keep people firom noticing all the movements of his hands and from thinking about the secret parts of h

36、is equipment. He must also lead the audience to draw false conclusions. The magicians success depends on the fact that many things seen by the eye are not the things that matter.Two basic magic tricks are making objects seem to appear and making objects seem to disappear. A combination of these two

37、tricks makes for some interesting effects. For example, the magician puts a small ball under one of several cups. The ball then seems to jump from one cup to another or to change colour. What actually happens is that the magician, employing quick hand movements or a mechanical device, hides one ball

38、. While doing this he talks to the audience and waves a brightly coloured cloth with one hand. The audience is too busy watching the cloth and listening to the magicians words to notice that his other hand is hiding the ball.Another favourite trick is to cut or bum something, and then make it appear

39、 whole again. What actually happens is that the magician makes the cut or burned object disappear by quickly hiding it while the audience watches something else. Then he “magically“ makes it appear whole again by displaying （展示）another object that has not been cut or burned.28. What is the authors m

40、ain purpose in writing the text?A. To promote a magic show.B. To teach people to be magicians.C. To explain the art of magic.D. To praise the talents of magicians.分析：纵观全文，前两段概括介绍魔术师变魔术的原理所在，后两段通过举例具体介绍变魔 术的技巧方法。因此，通过对本文大意的理解可推断出本文的写作目的是向读者解释魔术的 艺术。故选C。10.Take a view, the Landscape （风景）Photographer o

41、f the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today*s most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the veiy best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competiti

42、on fbr photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.Mike Shepherd（201 l）Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, England It was an extremely cold winters evening and freezing fbg hung in the air.T climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though

43、it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west.I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black-and-white image （图像）.Timothy Smith

44、（2014）MacclesfieldForest Cheshire, England I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow.Th

45、e small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from theforeground right through into the forest.23. Where can the text be found?A. In a history book.B. In a novel.C. In an art magazine.D. In a biography.分析：通读文章可知，本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了英国的Take a view 年度风景摄影师奖,并给出了两幅获奖作品的相关信息。摄影

46、属于艺术范畴, 故选C项。As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins（企鹅）longing to say hello.These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a

47、deep love for travel.Throughout her career（职业）as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Relate

48、d Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland.”】 jus

49、t decided I wanted to go J she says. had no idea about what Id find there and I wasn!t nervous, I just wanted to do it.And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers shed never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica/Trom seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing.