北京市房山区高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）.docx

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1、北京市房山区2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答 无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。Everybody knows I like new experiences. My uncle Tom arranged a tandem 1 for my eighteenth birthday. I was exc

2、ited and expected 2 to have several weeks to research skydiving online, but then I got a call from the skydiving company, asking me to come the next day. I couldn t believe my 3!Although we set off early to the airport, we were 15 minutes behind schedule because of the heavy traffic. The information

3、 and safety talk was already over and that did 4 me. Instead, I received a shorter version.The time of each person s skydive depended on the time they? d registered sofor me that meant a long wait. I watched the first group of skydivers 5,which was helpful. Twenty minutes later, I suddenly became un

4、easy when the first pair of skydivers 6 in the sky.My name was finally called. I pulled my 7 on and was introduced to my instructor. We walked towards the plane. The noise the plane made was enough to8 even the most relaxed flyer. However, once my instructor had double checked our equipment, my fear

5、 disappeared.When we reached the required height, the door opened and we moved towards it. Sitting in the doorway of the plane was probably the 9 moment. Then we moved forwards until we fell out. I was aware of the cold wind on my face and could see incredible views around me. My instructor opened o

6、ur parachute, and we went suddenly from free falling to slowly floating back down to the ground. It was a fantastic10 that I 11 never forget.the planting area of hybrid rice has reached 16 million hectares, or 57 % of the total planting area of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.Hy

7、brid rice has also been grown in over 40 countries, including the U. S. , Brazil, India, Vietnam, the Philippines and Madagascar. The total planting area of the hybrid rice has reached 8 million hectares overseas.Even after a great success, Yuan never held himself back from making new breakthroughs.

8、 In 2017, his team started to grow seawater rice in Qingdao. The rice was designed to grow in saline-alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater. His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be planted in 6. 67 million hectares of saline-alkaline land across C

9、hina to boost the country? s rice harvest by about 20 %. In 2018, Yuan s team was invited to plant the saline-alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields in Dubai, which achieved huge success. In June 2020, his team started to grow seawater rice on a farm at an altitude of 2,800 meters in northwes

10、t China s Qinghai Province. The experiment succeeded.Yuan had two dreams 一 to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than menv and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.24. What made Yuan Longping decide to study rice?A. A serious food shortag

11、e.B. Agriculture development.C. His interest in the rice experiment.D. His wish to plant the tallestrice in the world.25. From the passage, we know that Yuan Longping.A. developed a variety of hybrid riceB. worked as a scientist after graduationC. started to grow seawater rice in Dubai in 2017D. gre

12、w the first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 195326. We can infer from the passage that Yuan Longping s most outstanding qualities are.A. modest and outgoingB. honest and creativeC. generous and optimisticD. responsible and devoted【答案】24. A 25. A 26. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国农业科学家和教育家，以培育杂交水稻

13、品种 而闻名的袁隆平的个人经历以及所做出的突出贡献。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“In the 1960s, when a serious food shortage swept China, Yuan decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the yields of rice. ” （ 20 世纪60年代，当一场严重的粮食短缺席卷中国时，袁隆平决定致力于研究如何提高水稻产 量）可知，严重的食物短缺让袁隆平决定研究水稻。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 “Even after a great suc

14、cess, Yuan never held himself back from making new breakthroughs. In 2017, his team started to grow seawater rice in Qingdao. The rice was designed to grow in saline-alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater. His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be p

15、lanted in 6. 67 million hectares of saline-alkaline land across China to boost the countrys rice harvest by about 20 %. In 2018, Yuan s team was invited to plant the saline-alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields in Dubai, which achieved huge success. In June 2020, his team started to grow sea

16、water rice on a farm at an altitude of 2,800 meters in northwest China s Qinghai Province. The experiment succeeded. （即使取得了巨大的成功，袁隆平也没有放弃新的突破。2017年， 他的团队开始在青岛种植海水水稻。这种水稻可以在盐碱地中生长，即使完全浸泡在海水中 也能存活。他的团队计划开发一种海水水稻，这种水稻可以在全国667万公顷的盐碱地上种 植，从而使中国的水稻产量提高约20%。2018年，袁隆平的团队受邀在迪拜的试验田种植 耐盐碱水稻，取得了巨大成功。2020年6月，他的团

17、队开始在中国西北部青海省海拔2800 米的一个农场种植海水水稻。实验成功了）可知，袁隆平培育了各种各样的杂交水稻。故选 Ao【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Yuan succeeded in growing the world s first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per mu （about 0. 067 hectares）, rising from the previous yield of only 300 kg per mu. For

18、 the next four decades, he continued to work on research and development of hybrid rice, achieving increasingly higher outputs. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by Yuan s team achieved 1,500 kilograms per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record. （1973年，袁成功培育出了世界上首批高产杂交水稻品种，每亩产量超过500公 斤（约公顷），而此前每

19、亩产量只有300公斤。在接下来的40年里，他继续研究和开发杂交 水稻，取得了越来越高的产量。2020年，袁隆平团队培育的杂交水稻在两个生长季节内亩 产达到1500公斤，创造了新的世界纪录）以及最后一段“Yuan had two dreams 一 to uenjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.（袁隆平有两个梦想 ”享 受比人高的水稻作物下的凉爽

20、”，以及杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植，以帮助解决全球粮食 短缺）”可知，袁隆平长年致力于杂交水稻的培育，且梦想帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题，可 见他最突出的品质是负责任和献身精神。故选D。CIn this day and age, there seems to be a move towards secondary school subjects.For that reason, some parents and some students feel that the compulsory study of English literature is misguided and disadvanta

21、geous to students, particularly if they are second language learners of English. However, there are still good reasons for the study of English literature.Students of English language sometimes fail to see the point of studying English literature especially if they have no plans to study English or

22、translation atuniversity. But English literature can introduce students to a range of aspects, not only of the English language but also the culture of English-speaking countries.There are aspects of English culture that are summarised by English literature. Of course, this is quite obvious when stu

23、dying the works of Shakespeare or of writers, poets and playwrights of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It is, however, also true when studying other works of English literature. Students can learn about good stories and references to different aspects of English culture. They can also learn

24、 the context and meanings of famous quotes and phrases.Studying literature does not confine the students to the traditions of England but includes the possibility of introducing them to traditions which inform English literature, such as the study of Ancient Greek drama, and to literature in other c

25、ontexts, such as American literature.An enjoyment and appreciation of literature will give students the ability to develop this into an interest in books and reading as they move away from their studies and into the adult lives. They will have the confidence to approach and cope with new forms of bo

26、oks and writing, since they were exposed to a range of literature during their school days.When studying literature, students can learn not only language aspects such as vocabulary items but also the language aspects which can be used for specific purposes. For example, if the students are familiar

27、with the concepts of beat and rhythm of English poems, they can improve their own writing as they are able to appreciate and apply these ideas.Finally, the study of literature can provide students with a fresh and creative angle, from which the students can approach their studies in particular and t

28、heir lives in general.So the next time you are reading a newspaper article complaining of the lack of creativity and initiative in the local workforce, remember that in a small way the study of English literature can help to add a refreshing and further dimension to a person s life.27. The author ma

29、y agree that the study of English literature.A. has a long-lasting influence on studentsB. is misguided and has more disadvantagesC. is not necessary for second language learnersD. only allows the students to learn the traditions of England28. We can learn from the passage that . A schools fail to c

30、are about students needsB. learning English literature makes students smarterC. English culture is closely related to English literatureread literary works, the more you complainD. the more you29. What s the authors attitude towardsA. Critical.B. Cautious.Anxious.30. What s the best title of the pas

31、sage?A. Parents and Students DemandsC. English Culture and English LiteratureSchools【答案】27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B【解析】the study of English literature?C. Supportive.D.B. Why We Learn English LiteratureD. Suitable Courses for Secondary【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了学习英国文学的一些理由，列举了如英国文学可 以概括英国文化的许多方面、学习文学可以向学生介绍英国文学传

32、统、学习英国文学对学生 有长期的影响以及为学生提供一个新鲜和创造性的角度等理由。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“An enjoyment and appreciation of literature will give students the ability to develop this into an interest in books and reading as they move away from their studies and into the adult lives.（对文学的喜欢和欣赏将使学 生有能力在他们离开学业进入成年生活时，把这种兴趣发展成对书籍和阅读的兴

33、趣）”可知, 作者可能会同意“学习英国文学对学生有长期的影响”的观点。故选A。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“But English literature can introduce students to a range of aspects, not only of the English language but also the culture of English-speaking countries.（但英语文学不仅可以介绍英语语言的方方面面，还可以介绍英语国家的文 化）”以及第三段中There are aspects of English culture that are

34、 summarised byEnglish literature.（英国文学可以概括英国文化的许多方面）”可知，英国文化与英国文 学密切相关。故选C。【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Finally, the study of literature can provide students with a fresh and creative angle, from which the students can approach their studies in particular and their lives in general.（最后，文学的研究可以为学生提供一个新鲜 和创造

35、性的角度，学生一般从中可以接近他们的研究特别是他们的生活）”可推知，作者对 英国文学研究持支持态度。故选C。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“In this day and age, there seems to be a move towards secondary school subjects. For that reason, some parents and some students feel that the compulsory study of English literature is misguided and disadvantageous to students,

36、 particularly if they are second language learners of English. However, there are still good reasons for the study of English literature.（在这个时代， 似 乎有一种向中学学科发展的趋势。因此，一些家长和学生认为，强制性学习英语文学是一种 误导，对学生是不利的，特别是如果他们是英语的第二语言学习者。然而，对英国文学的研 究仍然有很好的理由）”以及结合文章主要说明了学习英国文学的一些理由，列举了如英国 文学可以概括英国文化的许多方面、学习文学可以向学生介绍英国文

37、学传统、学习英国文学 对学生有长期的影响以及为学生提供一个新鲜和创造性的角度等理由。可知，B选项“为什 么我们要学习英国文学”最符合文章标题。故选B。DFollowing the Famous Silk RoadsThe Silk Roads were a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. A key section of the Silk Roads is the Chang an-Tianshan corridor （走廊）,which

38、 stretches over a distance of around 5, 000 kilometres through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, covering a total of 8,700 kilometres of trade routes. The three countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage （遗产）status which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the c

39、orridor. This made history as the first successful multinational World Heritage application.The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Roads network is Xi an, in Shanxi Province. Further west on the Silk Roads, the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high, snow-capped mounta

40、ins to vast grasslands as the routes pass through the Tianshan Mountains and emerge in the valleys of Central Asia. Although the Chang? an-Tianshan corridor of the Silk Roads ends here, the network continues westwards until it reaches the Mediterranean.The corridor began to develop in the 2nd centur

41、y. Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. Following Zhang s efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time, with t

42、he routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire.Economic activities along the routes network were not limited to trade in silk. They contributed many other items to the marketplace of goods. The routes were busy with camels carrying loads of goods and businessmen selling everything imaginable.

43、 China s exports included silk, porcelain, ironware and tea, while horses, jewellery, spices and grapes were all imported over vast distances from the West.In addition to trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and m

44、any other areas in societies along the network. Astronomy and mathematics were introduced to China from India and Arabia; important Chinese inventions such as papermaking and printing were brought to the West.All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural excha

45、nges gave people access to new goods knowledge and ideas. These routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a shared development. The addition of the Chang an-Tianshan corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Roads as a crucial part

46、of humanity, s common heritage.31. The key section of the Silk Roads is.A. the MediterraneanB. Xi an, in Shanxi ProvinceC. Kazakhstan and KyrgyzstanD. the Chang an-Tianshan corridor32. The underlined word “stretches” in Paragraph 1 is close in meaning to. A. standsB. spreadsC. movesD. flies33. Zhang

47、 Qian travelled from Chang, an to Central Asia to.A. export silk, porcelain, ironware and teaB. purchase horses, jewellery, spices and grapesC. seek help from the most powerful western countriesD. build bridges between his country and other countries34. What was the role of the Silk Roads according

48、to the passage?A. It helped to change the wild deserts to grasslands.B. It was recognized by the UNESCO as China s heritage.C. It speeded up the development of the countries involved.D. It started a trade competition between countries along the way.【答案】31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界文

49、化遗产“丝绸之路”。丝绸之路不仅是中国与 其他国家的商贸之路，同时也是文化、科技的交流之路。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第一段提到A key section of the Silk Roads is the Chang? an-Tianshan corridor”可知，丝绸之路的重要组成部分是长安天山走廊。故选Do【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词上文A key section of the Silk Roads is the Chang an-Tianshan corridorv和 卜文 “over a distance of around 5, 000 kilometres through China, Kazakhstan an