初中英语语法专项学习之表语从句及其引导词用法.docx

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1、初中英语语法专项学习之表语从句及其引导词用法表语从句引导词及用法总结根据关联词来区分，表语从句可以分为六种：一、由that引导的表语从句The trouble is that he misunderstood me,麻烦的是他误解了我。有时，引导表语从句的连词that可以省略The truth is （that） I didn t finish my term essay.事实是我没有写完学期论文。二、由连接代（副）词引导的表语从句连接代i司 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever；连接副词 where, when

2、, how, whyoThat was what she said this morning in her bedroom.那就是她今天早晨在卧室 中说的。三、由关系代词型的what引导的从句I want to be a teacher. That, s what I want to be.我想当老师，那是我的志愿。四、关联词是连词because比较下面这两个句子：I was angry. That was because he didn t understand me.我生气是因为他不理解我。（表语从句强调原因）That s why he got fired from that firm.那

3、正是他被公司解雇的原因。（表语从 句强调结果）注意：reason作主语或主语中包含事件的起因时，后面的表语从句表示原因 时要用that来引导，而不用becauseThat is why是常用句型，其中why引导的从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说过的原因进行总结。1. That is the reason why .That is the reason why 与 That is why 是同义的, 但是从语法结构上讲，That is the reason why中的why引导的是一个定语从句，将其中的the reason去掉后则与That is why结构一样了2. That i

4、s because .That is because 也是一个常用句型。That is because句型中,连词because引导的从句作表语，That is because与That is why之间的不同在于That is because指原因或 理由，That is why则指由于各种原因造成的结果He did not read Harry Potter last night. That is because he had to help his mother to do the housework.昨天晚上他没有读哈里波特，那是因为他得帮助他妈妈做家务。五、关联词是从属连词 whet

5、her, as, as ifThe question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.问题是我们能否赢得大多数民众的支持。六.使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+ 动词原形”表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea 等。My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。表语从句：就

6、是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或 相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。表语从句是名词性从句的一种。表语从句的基本结构是：“主语+连系动词+关联词+表语从句”。连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever, whomever, whichever , whatever 等。例如：The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.His suggestion is that we should

7、stay calm.语序：从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”这种形式。时态：当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，从句可以是任何时态，而当主句 是一般过去时的时候，从句，从句时态必须是过去时范围的时态，即（一般过去 时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时）。连接词：当从句意思完整，主句意思肯定时，连接词用that,且可以省去，当从句意 思完整，主句意思不确定或含否定含意时，常用if或whether （是否），当从句 意思不完整时，连接词则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词。表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名 词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动

8、词一起构成谓语。连接表语从句的连接词有 that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever, whomever,whichever , whatever 等。例如：The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.His suggestion is that we should stay calm.表语从句中需要注意的地方：1 .表语从句一定要用陈述语序；2 .不可以用if,而用whether连接表语从句（as if例外）;3 .与宾语从句不同，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句

9、时态和从句时态可以不 一致。4 .连接词that 一般不能省略，但当主句中含动词do的某种形式时，that可 以省略。如：What I want to do is (that) I can go up to him and thank him.我想做的事是走 到身边去感谢他。5 . 当句子的主语是：advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish 等名词时，表语

10、从句须用虚拟语气，即：should+do。如:My advice is that you should go to apologize to him.我的建议是你应该去向他 道歉。表语从句语法提示：应注意的问题：1 .连系动词be, appear, seem, look等之后可以跟表语从句。It was because he didnt pass the exam.那是因为他没有通过考试。2 .引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类。1) wh-疑问词My question is who Ie化我想问的是谁离开了。2) whetherMy question is whether he Ie代(or n

11、ot)。我的问题是他是否离开了。注：if不能引导表语从句。3) thatThe fact is that he left.事实是他离开了。注：引导表语从句的连词that间或可以省略。The truth is (that) I didnt go there.事实是我没去那儿。4) because, as, as if, as thoughIts just because he doesnt know her.这是仅仅因为他不认识她。3 .表语从句要用陈述语序That is where the famous scientist was born.4 .that和what在引导表语从句时，作用和意义

12、都不相同。That本身没有词义，在句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分；what则表示 ”所的(人或事)”，在表语从句中充当主语或宾语等。That fact is that more than seventy percent of the earth s surface is covered by water.5.If与whether均意为“是否”，但引导表语从句时，只能用whether,不能 用ifoThe question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.6.As, if, though引导的表语从句时，从句谓语多用虚

13、拟语气。这是因为从句中的情况与事实不相符。具体来说，如果从句表示与现在事实 相反，谓语动词用一般过去式；如果从句表示与过去事实相反时，谓语动词要用“had +过去分词”，如果从 句表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might,could )+动词原形，如：Li Lei is now in a new jacket he looks as if he were an American boy.但是，如果as if,as though引导的表语从句所表示的与事实相符，从句则用 陈述语气，如：The clouds are gathering. It looks as if is going to rain.