2023年陕西省西安市雁塔区考研《英语一》统考试题含解析.docx

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1、2023年陕西省西安市雁塔区考研英语一统考试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWERSHEET. （10 points）完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）Its good to make mistakes, and here is why.First of all, mistakes are a clear 36 that you are

2、 trying new things. Its always 37 to try new things because when you are trying new things you are 38 . If you never try anything new, how can you 39 ? The simple answer is “You cant”. With few exceptions, every single detail of development is the 40 of someone trying something new.When you are maki

3、ng mistakes, you are 41 Edison failed 10,000 times before he 42 the light bulb. When asked how it felt to 43 that many times, he said that he hadnt failed 109000 times, but rather had learned 10,000 things that didnt _ 44.Finally, when you make a mistake you are much 45 to success. Why ?When all is

4、done, you will have tried some number of things before you succeed. 46 you make a mistake you eliminate （排除）one of those things and are one step closer.But this all doesnt mean that you should go ahead 47 considering the consequences of a mistake. Quite the contrary, when you try something new, you

5、48 be willing to set some reasonable limits, so that in the event that it doesnt 49 the way you want it to, you will be in a position to try again.We all have 50 resources in time and money, so dont blow them all on one 51 to a problem. Realize that it probably wont be perfect the first time, and al

6、locate （分酉己） these resources properly so you can learn, 52 corrections, and try it again. Only by 53 and using your mistakes in this way, can you make significant 54 in your business or career.As an old saying goes, “If youre not making mistakes, youre not trying hard enough.”and make mistakes.And g

7、row. markSo go 551、A. word2、A. interesting3、 A. working4、A. improve5、A. progress6、A. learning7、A. brokeB. signB funnyB. failingB studyB - resultB correctingB perfectedAnd learn.C.C. badC. growingC. insistC strengthC. doingC. designedAnd succeed.D. signatureD. goodD. playingD. thinkD. experimentD. pr

8、omisingD. boughtSection I Use of English 1、1. B2. D3. C4. A5. B6. A7. B8. C9. A10. B11. C12. B13. D14. A15. C16. B17. A18. C19. D20. BSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. C2. C3. B3、1. A2. C3. D4. B4、1. C2. D5、1. A2. A3. D4. B6n 1. to2. because3. were made4. how5. . to help6. informed7. more interes

9、ting8. that/which9. something10. developing7、 1. are2. . farmer3. talking4. friendly5. a6. to7. us8. quickly9. solving10. easilySection III Translation8、1. G2. C3. A4. E5. D9、1. E3. B4. D5. G8、 A. succeedB.inventC. failD.struggle9、A. workB.helpC.goD.perform10、A. furtherB.closerC. familiarD.intereste

10、dIk A. Only ifB.Even thoughC. Every timeD.As if12、 A. withB withoutC. intoD. through13 A. want toB - lead toC. tend toD. have to14 A. work outB. put outC. run outD. sort out15、A. enoughB muchC. limitedD. little16、A. wayB approachC. meansD. suggestion17、A. makeB.followC. takeD.offer18 A. tryingB. avo

11、idingC. acceptingD. receiving19 A. useB. contribution C. moneyD. advances20 A. backB.forthC. offD.outSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1

12、Books at Amazon :Best sellers of the month-Feb, 2018Freshwater by Akwaeke Emezi-February 6, 2018Hardcover :$15.91Audio CD :$29.99An extraordinary novel. Freshwater explores the amazing experience of having another self. It centers around a young Nigerian woman, Ada, who develops separate selves with

13、in her as a result of being born “with one foot on the other side.” Freshwater is a sharp call of a rare way of experiencing the world, one that shows how we all construct our identities.Milk and Honey by Rupi KaurFebruary 16,2018Hardcover: $ 18. 00 Paperback: $ 8.99 Audio CD :$8.99A collection of p

14、oetry and prose （散文）about survival. About the experience of violence, abuse（虐待），love , loss, and femininity （女性）.It is split into four chapters , and each chapter serves a different purpose. Deals with a different pain. Heals a different heartache. Milk and Honey takes readers through a journey of t

15、he most bitter moments in life and finds sweetness in them because there is sweetness everywhere;if you are just willing to look. Educated by Tara Westover-February 13, 2018Hardcover: $ 16.80 Paperback: $ 28.00 Audio book: $6.00 Audio CD :$8.99An unforgettable biography about a young girl who, kept

16、out of school, leaves her survivalist family and goes on to earn a PhD from Cambridge University. Educated is an account of the struggle for self-invention. It is a tale of fierce family loyalty, and of the sadness that comes from severing ones closest ties.Force of Nature by Jane HarperFebruary 20,

17、 2018Hardcover: $17.10 Paperback: $ 23.41 Audio book:Free Audio CD :$ 34. 15An attractive novel from the author of the Sunday Times top 10 best seller. Five women go on a hike. Only four return. When five colleagues are forced to go on a corporate retreat in the wilderness , they reluctantly pick up

18、 their backpacks and start walking down the muddy path. But one of the women doesnt come out of the woods. And each of her companions tells a slightly different story about what happened.1、Which of the following is true of the four books?A. They are all different in the style of writing.B. They all

19、are only available online.C. They all have a presentation of female.D. They are all listed according to the timeline of publication.2、If you want to buy all different editions of a book, which one will cost you most?A. Fresh water.B. Milk and Honey.C. Educated.D , Force of Nature.3、Which author tell

20、s readers various feelings or emotions of personal life in his/her book?A. Akwaeke Emezi.B. Rupi Kaur.C. Tara Westover.D. Jane Harper.Text 2My dream of working in a flower shop had its roots in my grandmothers garden, always in bloom, where I made bunches with whatever I could get my hands on. Howev

21、er, I wasnt prepared for the people. Their stories impressed me long after I locked up for the night.I always enjoyed reading the messages that went along with each bunch. Most were what you would expect, plenty of I Love You and “Get Well Soon. We got Happy Birthday, ” “Happy Anniversary and Thinki

22、ng of You” requests that phone messages were written in shorthand: H.B. , H.A. , T.O.Y.I would laugh at messages that seemed too sugary or boring, and it disheartened me when customers asked what their sympathy card should say. But I also understood that finding the right words can be a monumental t

23、ask and that sometimes those words just happen to be the same ones everyone else is using.1 have sold flowers to single men and women; to color-blind fathers shopping with their precocious daughters, to new parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles, to engaged 20-somethings and couples celebrating 50

24、years. Pve given flowers to homeless men who have in turn given them to pretty girls in summer dresses. People buy flowers when theyre in love, in trouble, drunk, devastated, excited and sometimes for no obvious reason.I took photos of card messages and told my favorite shop stories to co-workers, f

25、amily and friends, but still so much has gotten away. Precious moments made all the more precious by the fact that they have already come and gone. Now I gauge months by whats in season: sunflowers in July, dahlias （大丽花）in August, roses and maple in October, pine in December, hyacinth （风信子）in March.

26、A favorite of mine is tulip magnolia （紫玉兰）,the way the buds （花蕾） break into flowers and the flowers into many colors on lawns, all in a matter of weeks while it*s snowing cherry blossoms. How surprisingly beautiful the life of flowers can be.1、Why did the author like reading the messages going with

27、the bunches?A. They conveyed friendship, love and best wishes.B. They reminded the author of his past.C. They were sugary and the author found them funny.D. They helped to attract customers to buy flowers.2、What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. The messages were boring because of repetitions.B. The

28、author likes tulip magnolia because of its growing place.C. The author found it depressing to talk about sympathy cards.D. The author learned a lot in her grandmothers garden.3、What does the underlined word gauge probably mean in Paragraph 5?A. Spend. B. Forget.C. Arrange. D. Measure.4、What does the

29、 author learn from the flower shop?A. She understands that everyone has a favorite flower.B. She learns that life is more beautiful with flowers.C. She realizes that flowers sell well with message cards.D. She finds out that message cards are worth cherishing.Text 3Finding true love can be prey toug

30、h for a lot of people, but a lady from a fairly well-known San Francisco advertising agency seems to think money helps. She is offering $10,000 to any of her friends who can introduce her to her Mr. Right. She wants to find her future husband through this way.The unnamed husband seeker who sent out

31、the email had just finished reading the best-selling book named Lean In. It was 11 p.m. on a Sunday night and she realized this was the second self-help book she had read in the month. She was still single. Things were not looking fine, but there was hope for her still. If the book had taught her an

32、ything, it was that she needed to take a more positive role in finding love. After all, if she wanted to get a better job, she wouldnt just sit outside an employers building and wait for someone to offer it to her, so why should finding a husband be any different? But instead of going out and meetin

33、g new people she decided to write an email to all her friends, offering to give them $ 10,000 on her wedding day if any of them managed to introduce her to her future husband.“I am writing you today because Ive decided to make an aggressive action plan on finding the man that I get to hang out with

34、forever/9 the woman writes in her email. Introducing me to my husband is just not high on your to-do list. But I think I have an idea that might change thatYou guessed it, and this is where she offers to reward her closest friends with cold hard cash.“I will personally give ten thousand dollars to t

35、he friend who introduces me to my husband.”Here is how the program works:Step 1: You set me up on a date with a man.Step 2:1 marry that man.Step 3:1 give you $10,000 on my wedding day.I know youre thinking that this is nuts. Just plain crazy. You can find a husband without giving $10,000/ Well for s

36、tarters, thank you! Im happy.”1、What does the lady offer $10,000 to any of her friends for?A. Celebrating the fact that she has made a decision to find a husband.B Checking the power of money among her circle of friends.C. Encouraging her friends to help find her Mr. Right.D. Sharing her happiness o

37、f having found true love.2、What does the underlined word nuts” mean in the last paragraph?A. delicious B. sensibleC. angry D. foolish 3、Whats the purpose of the authors mentioning getting a better job in Paragraph 2?A. To stress the importance of finding a good job.B , To stress the importance of ta

38、king a positive attitude.C. To show that waiting patiently is necessary to get a job.D. To state that we need to be patient before a job is offered.4、What kind of person do you think the lady is?A. Adventurous B. ImaginativeC. Considerate D. PoliteText 4Two recent studies have found that punishment

39、is not the best way to influence behavior. One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.They had about two hundred college students play

40、 a version of the game known as the Prisoners Dilemma. The game is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish e

41、ach of the other three players. Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings. The

42、study appeared last month in the journal Science.The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse（虐彳寺）. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than eight hundred children were aged two to four the first time the

43、y were tested. More than seven hundred children were aged five to nine. The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not.The study says the I

44、Qs of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points. The more they are spanked, the slower their mental development.1、What do we know about the second study?A. Childrens IQs have much to do with physi

45、cal punishment.B. The study is about violence and cooperation of children.C. The children tested were divided into groups of four.D. Childrens mental development only relies on their IQs.2、What does the underlined word spanked refer to?A. punished B. blamedC. tested D. praised 3、What might be the be

46、st title for the text?A. The Best Way to Correct MisbehaviorB. Punishment Is the Best Way of EducationC. Cooperation Is the Most Successful BehaviorD. Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?4、Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Punishment is the best way to influ

47、ence bad behaviors.B. The participants in the first study have the right to reward or punish others in the group.C. the younger children have a higher IQ because of their parents educational level.D. Adults are much more cooperative than children.Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A -G for each numbered paragraph (41 45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Direct