AndrewStanton_2012[安德鲁.斯坦顿][一个伟大故事的线索].pdf

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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件A tourist is backpacking through the highlands of Scotland,and he stops at a pub to get a drink.一个背包客徒步 穿过苏格兰高地 他进了一个酒馆准备喝一杯00:12And the only people in there is a bartender and an old mannursing a beer.酒馆里面只有一位侍者 和一个揣着啤酒暗自神伤的老人00:18And he orders a pint,and they sit in silence for a whil

2、e.他要了一品托酒,然后和大家各自安静喝着酒00:22And suddenly the old man turns to him and goes,You seethis bar?突然,老人朝着他走过来“看见这间酒吧了没有？00:24I built this bar with my bare hands from the finest wood inthe county.我就凭着这双手,用郡里 最好的木材建造了它00:28Gave it more love and care than my own child.对它的关爱甚至超过了对自己的孩子00:32But do they call me M

3、acGregor the bar builder?No.但是他们称我酒吧建筑师麦格雷戈了吗？并没有。”00:35Points out the window.又指着窗户说00:38You see that stone wall out there?“你看见那边的石头墙了吗？00:40I built that stone wall with my bare hands.我就凭这双手砌了这面墙00:42Found every stone,placed them just so through the rain andthe cold.亲手挑选每一块石头,不论下雨还是严寒把它们堆砌起来00:45But

4、 do they call me MacGregor the stone wall builder?No.但是他们称我为石墙建筑师麦格雷戈了吗？也没有。”00:48backpacking:n.徒步旅行 highlands:n.高原地区;山岳地带(highland的复数形式)bartender:n.酒保,酒吧间销售酒精饮料的人;酒吧侍者 sit in:列席,旁听;参加;代理 builder:n.建筑者;建立者 out the window:突然失去了,或者是浪费了某样东西。Points out the window.指着另一边的窗口00:51You see that pier on the la

5、ke out there?“你看见那边湖上的码头了吗？00:53I built that pier with my bare hands.我就凭这双手造了那个码头00:55Drove the pilings against the tide of the sand,plank byplank.一块一块载着木桩,划过沙地,风雨无阻00:57But do they call me MacGregor the pier builder?No.他们称我码头建筑师麦格雷戈了吗？没有。01:01But you fuck one goat.但倘若你上了一头山羊”(即goatfucker,美国俚语,指一个尽管

6、做了很多好事,但由于一件坏事得到了坏名声的人.)01:05(Laughter)Storytelling-（笑声）讲故事01:08(Laughter)is joke telling.（笑声）就像讲笑话01:21Its knowing your punchline,your ending,knowing thateverything youre saying,from the first sentence to the last,isleading to a singular goal,and ideally confirming sometruth that deepens our unders

7、tandings of who we are ashuman beings.要明确点睛之笔 也就是结局 要明确,你所说的一切,从第一句到最后一句 都引导着一个唯一的目标同时完美证实一些事实 即加深我们对于 我们为何而存在01:26We all love stories.我们都爱故事01:43pier:n.码头,直码头;桥墩;窗间壁 pilings:n.非金属桩;椿材(piling的复数)plank:n.木厚木板;支架;政纲条款/vt.在上铺板;撂下;立刻付款 Storytelling:n.讲故事;说谎话/adj.讲故事的;说谎的 punchline:n.结尾警语;妙语如珠 singular:a

8、dj.单数的；单一的；非凡的；异常的/n.单数 ideally:adv.理想地;观念上地 confirming:adj.确定的;确认检验的/vt.确定;证实(confirm的ing形式)deepens:vt.使加深;使强烈;使低沉/vi.变深;变低沉 understandings:n.谅解,理解;理解力;协议/adj.了解的;聪明的;有理解力的/v.理解;明白(understand的ing形式)Were born for them.与生俱来01:45Stories affirm who we are.故事决定了我们是谁01:47We all want affirmations that our

9、 lives have meaning.我们都想得到那样的肯定,即我们的生命是有意义的01:49And nothing does a greater affirmation than when weconnect through stories.当我们通过故事联系到一起的时候 没什么比这个更好了01:51It can cross the barriers of time,past,present and future,and它可以跨越时间的障碍 过去,现在和未来 允许我们去体验 我们自己和其他人,真实与虚幻之间 的各种TED演讲者：Andrew Stanton|安德鲁.斯坦顿演讲标题：The

10、clues to a great story|一个伟大故事的线索内容概要：Filmmaker Andrew Stanton(Toy Story,WALL-E)shares what he knows aboutstorytelling starting at the end and working back to the beginning.Contains graphiclanguage.(Note:this talk is not available for download.)电影制作人安德鲁斯坦顿（“玩具总动员”,“机器人总动员”）分享了他关于如何讲故事的见解怎么从结尾入手回溯到故事的

11、开始（包括图形语言.)It can cross the barriers of time,past,present and future,andallow us to experience the similarities between ourselvesand through others,real and imagined.去体验 我们自己和其他人,真实与虚幻之间 的各种相似点01:55The childrens television host Mr.Rogers always carried in hiswallet a quote from a social worker that

12、said,Frankly,thereisnt anyone you couldnt learn to love once youve heardtheir story.儿童电视节目主持人罗杰斯先生 总是在他的皮夹中放着 一位社会工作者的箴言“坦白的说,任何人都值得去爱,一旦你听过了他们的故事”02:06And the way I like to interpret that is probably the greateststory commandment,which is Make me care-please,emotionally,intellectually,aesthetically

13、,just make me care.就我自己更想表达的方式 这也许是最有力的讲故事的诫言“让我在乎”从情感上 理性上,美学的角度上 令我牵挂02:19affirm:vt.肯定;断言/vi.确认;断言 affirmations:n.主张,肯定;断言 affirmation:n.主张,肯定;断言 barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier的复数形式)similarities:类似/相似之处 between ourselves:只限于咱们之间;秘密的 quote:vt.报价;引述;举证/vi.报价;引用;引证/n.引用 commandment:n.戒律;法令 emotionally:

14、adv.感情上;情绪上;令人激动地;情绪冲动地intellectually:adv.智力上;理智地;知性上 aesthetically:adv.审美地;美学观点上地We all know what its like to not care.我们都清楚,什么是毫不在乎02:35Youve gone through hundreds of TV channels,just switchingchannel after channel,and then suddenly you actually stopon one.你看过数以百计的电视节目 在台与台之间不停切换着 突然你会停在某个台上02:37I

15、ts already halfway over,but somethings caught you andyoure drawn in and you care.它已经播到了一半 即便如此,你被某些东西吸引住了,而且你在乎这东西02:44Thats not by chance,thats by design.这并不是偶然的 而是设计好的02:49So it got me thinking,what if I told you my history was story,how I was born for it,how I learned along the way thissubject ma

16、tter?于是,这就让我思考,如果我告诉你我的人生是个故事 我是如何为其而生的 我是如何沿着这个主题的方式学习的02:53And to make it more interesting,well start from the endingand well go to the beginning.然后让它变得更有趣的 我们从结尾讲起 然后回溯到开始03:02And so if I were going to give you the ending of this story,itwould go something like this:And thats what ultimately ledm

17、e to speaking to you here at TED about story.如果我把故事的结尾告诉你 就会出现这样的情况:“这东西就是基本上启发我 今天在TED上给你们讲的 关于故事的演讲。”03:08And the most current story lesson that Ive had wascompleting the film Ive just done this year in 2012.我最近的一个关于讲故事的课程 是关于一部我刚在2012年 完成的电影03:20The film is John Carter.Its based on a book called

18、ThePrincess of Mars,叫做“异星战场:约翰卡特传奇”,改编自“火星公主”这本书03:27which was written by Edgar Rice Burroughs.其作者是埃德加赖斯巴勒斯03:30switching:n.电开关;转换;整流;配电/v.转换(switch的ing形式)written by:由所写And Edgar Rice Burroughs actually put himself as a characterinside this movie,and as the narrator.同时埃德加赖斯巴勒斯自己 也参与到了这部电影中,出任旁白03:32

19、And hes summoned by his rich uncle,John Carter,to hismansion with a telegram saying,See me at once.他收到他富有的叔叔约翰卡特的电报,要他马上到他的豪宅里会面,电报写着“欲见从速”03:38But once he gets there,hes found out that his uncle hasmysteriously passed away and been entombed in amausoleum on the property.当他到了那里 却发现他的叔叔却离奇死亡了 而且已经被埋葬

20、在墓地里03:43(Video)Butler:You wont find a keyhole.（视频）巴特勒:你不可能找到钥匙孔03:53Thing only opens from the inside.这东西只能从里面打开03:55He insisted,no embalming,no open coffin,no funeral.他坚持 没有防腐剂,没有打开的棺材 没有葬礼03:58You dont acquire the kind of wealth your uncle commandedby being like the rest of us,huh?我们其他人就是无法理解 你叔叔有

21、着这般财富的人的想法,是吧04:04Come,lets go inside.好了,我们回去吧04:09AS:What this scene is doing,and it did in the book,is itsfundamentally making a promise.这个场景在做的,也就是书里已经告诉我们的 这实际上是在许下一个承诺04:30summoned:v.传唤;召集(summon的过去分词)mansion:n.大厦;宅邸 telegram:n.电报/vt.用电报发送/vi.发电报mysteriously:adv.神秘地;故弄玄虚地;难以理解地 entombed:vt.埋葬(e

22、ntomb的过去式)mausoleum:n.陵墓;阴森森的大厦 keyhole:n.锁眼;建键孔/adj.显示内情的 embalming:v.以香料或药材为尸体防腐;使不被遗忘;使充满香气(embalm的ing形式)coffin:n.棺材/断送 commanded:vi.命令,指挥;控制/vt.命令,指挥;控制;远望/n.指挥,控制;命令;司令部Its making a promise to you that this story will leadsomewhere thats worth your time.向大家作出承诺 这个故事的走向将对得起您的时间04:34And thats wha

23、t all good stories should do at the beginning,is they should give you a promise.同时这是所有好的故事都应该在最开始做的,他们应该给观众们一个承诺04:38www.XiYuS锡育软件You could do it an infinite amount of ways.应该用各种方式完成这个承诺04:41Sometimes its as simple as Once upon a time.有的时候,也就是“从前有一个”这么简单04:43These Carter books always had Edgar Rice

24、Burroughs as a这些关于主人公卡特的书总是有作者巴勒斯的旁白04:47These Carter books always had Edgar Rice Burroughs as anarrator in it.04:47And I always thought it was such a fantastic device.我一向认为这是一个极其巧妙的技巧04:50Its like a guy inviting you around the campfire,or somebodyin a bar saying,Here,let me tell you a story.这就好像有人邀

25、请你到篝火旁 或者某个酒吧里的人对你说,“来,让我给你讲个故事04:52It didnt happen to me,it happened to somebody else,butits going to be worth your time.这不是我的亲身经历,但真实的发生在别人的身上而且绝不浪费你的时间”04:58A well told promise is like a pebble being pulled back in aslingshot and propels you forward through the story to theend.一个完美的口述许诺 就好像弹弓的上的鹅

26、卵石弹出的曲线 不断地激起你的兴趣 由始至终05:02at the beginning:首先;从一开始;起初;从头开始 Once upon a time:从前 campfire:n.营火;营火会 pebble:n.卵石;水晶透镜/vt.用卵石铺 slingshot:n.弹弓 propels:vt.推进;驱使;激励;驱策In 2008,I pushed all the theories that I had on story at thetime to the limits of my understanding on this project.在2008年,我把所有在当时我知道的关于故事的理论

27、和理解 发挥到了极限并运用到了这个项目上05:12(Video)(Mechanical Sounds)（视频）机械的声音05:20?And that is all?这就是?05:50?that loves about?爱情的诠释?05:55?And well recall?我们将会回忆起?06:01?when time runs out?在年华逝去时?06:06?That it only?这是唯一的?06:14(Laughter)AS:Storytelling without dialogue.（笑声）没有对话的叙事06:21Its the purest form of cinematic s

28、torytelling.是电影中最单纯的讲故事的方式06:25Its the most inclusive approach you can take.是你能采取的最包容的方式06:27It confirmed something I really had a hunch on,is that theaudience actually wants to work for their meal.它证明了某个我非常在乎的直觉 那就是观众们 其实更喜欢自己烹饪他们的饕餮盛宴06:30They just dont want to know that theyre doing that.只不过他们不想知

29、道自己亲自动手了06:36Thats your job as a storyteller,is to hide the fact that youremaking them work for their meal.这就是讲故事的人的任务 隐瞒这些事实 你实际上在让他们亲自为他们的盛宴下厨06:39Were born problem solvers.我们生来就是个问题解决者06:45purest:纯的(pure的最高级)cinematic:adj.电影的;影片的 inclusive:adj.包括的，包含的 hunch:n.预感;大块;肉峰/vt.耸肩;预感到;弯腰驼背/vi.隆起;向前移动 st

30、oryteller:n.说故事的人;故事作者;短篇小说作家 solvers:n.解决者(solver的复数形式)Were compelled to deduce and to deduct,because thatswhat we do in real life.我们总忍不住反复去推想 去演绎 因为这就是我们在现实生活中所做的事情06:47Its this well-organized absence of information that draws usin.正是这个设计好的信息缺漏 吸引了我们的注意力06:53Theres a reason that were all attracted

31、 to an infant or apuppy.这就是为什么我们总是被婴儿或者小狗吸引住06:58Its not just that theyre damn cute;its because they cantcompletely express what theyre thinking and what theirintentions are.不是因为他们太可爱 而是因为他们完全无法表达自己在想什么和他们的目的是什么07:01And its like a magnet.像吸铁石一样吸引我们07:08We cant stop ourselves from wanting to complete

32、 thesentence and fill it in.我们无法克制自己 去想方设法的把这些空白填满07:10I first started really understanding this storytelling devicewhen I was writing with Bob Peterson on Finding Nemo.我第一次开始 确切的理解这个讲故事的技巧 是我在和鲍勃彼德森一起写“海底总动员”的时候07:14And we would call this the unifying theory of two plus two.我们称之为“2+2的统一定理”07:20Make

33、 the audience put things together.让观众自己把东西拼起来07:23Dont give them four,give them two plus two.不要给他们一个4 而给他们2+207:25compelled:v.迫使(compel的过去式及过去分词形式);强迫 deduce:vt.推论,推断;演绎出 deduct:vt.扣除,减去;演绎 well-organized:adj.有序的;很有条理的 puppy:n.小狗,幼犬 Nemo:n.现场转播节目 unifying:使统一;(unify的ing形式)使成一体The elements you provid

34、e and the order you place them in iscrucial to whether you succeed or fail at engaging theaudience.你们提供的元素和其排列顺序 对决定你是否成功的与观众互动是至关重要的07:29Editors and screenwriters have known this all along.编辑和剧作家都默契的知道07:35Its the invisible application that holds our attention to story.正是这无形中的运用 牢牢抓住了我们的对故事的注意力07:3

35、8I dont mean to make it sound like this is an actual exactscience,its not.我的意思不是把它实施得很确切 好像门精确的科学研究一样,不是的。07:42Thats whats so special about stories,theyre not a widget,they arent exact.这就是为什么故事是如此的独特 他们不是零固件,他们不要求精密准确。07:47Stories are inevitable,if theyre good,but theyre notpredictable.故事总是存在的,如果他们很

36、赞 但不见得可以预知07:52I took a seminar in this year with an acting teacher namedJudith Weston.我今年曾上过一个研讨会 和一个叫朱迪韦斯顿的表演课老师07:56And I learned a key insight to character.从中我学到了一个关于人物角色的关键点08:02She believed that all well-drawn characters have a spine.她相信所有的成功的的人物角色描写 都有一个支撑骨08:04And the idea is that the charac

37、ter has an inner motor,adominant,unconscious goal that theyre striving for,an itchthat they cant scratch.这个想法是说每个人物都有一个内驱动力 有一个不断追逐的占主导位置却无法察觉的目标 和一个怎么也抓不到的痒处08:09engaging:adj.迷人的/v.参加(engage的ing形式);保证;雇用 screenwriters:n.编剧家;电影剧本作家 widget:n.装饰物;小机械;小部件;未定名的主要新产品 predictable:adj.可预言的 seminar:n.讨论会,研讨

38、班 spine:n.脊柱,脊椎;刺;书脊dominant:adj.显性的;占优势的;支配的,统治的/n.显性 unconscious:adj.无意识的;失去知觉的;不省人事的;未发觉的striving:n.努力;斗争/v.努力(strive的现在分词);奋斗;力争 itch:n.痒;渴望;疥疮/vi.发痒;渴望/vt.使发痒;使恼怒 scratch:n.擦伤;抓痕;刮擦声;乱写/adj.打草稿用的;凑合的;碰巧的/vt.抓;刮;挖出;乱涂/vi.抓;搔;发刮擦声;勉强糊口;退出比赛She gave a wonderful example of Michael Corleone,AlPacino

39、s character in The Godfather,她给我们举了一个关于迈克柯里昂 阿尔帕西诺在“教父”里的角色08:16and that probably his spine was to please his father.他的支撑骨大概就是 取悦自己的父亲08:20And its something that always drove all his choices.这也是驱使他做出各种决定的原因08:24Even after his father died,he was still trying to scratch thatitch.即时在他的父亲去世以后 他仍然想要挠到那块心

40、痒点08:26I took to this like a duck to water.这对我来说如鱼得水08:32Wall-Es was to find the beauty.Wall-E想要找到它心目中的美08:35Marlins,the father in Finding Nemo,马林,海底总动员里的父亲08:38was to prevent harm.想要保护自己的儿子08:41And Woodys was to do what was best for his child.（玩具总动员）胡迪则是做对它的孩子正确的事情08:44And these spines dont always

41、drive you to make the bestchoices.这些支撑骨并不总带领你做出最正确的选择08:47Sometimes you can make some horrible choices with them.有时候你可能会犯下严重的错误08:50Im really blessed to be a parent,and watching my childrengrow,I really firmly believe that youre born with atemperament and youre wired a certain way,and you donthave a

42、ny say about it,and theres no changing it.我很幸运能作为一个父母 看着自己的孩子成长,我也很坚信 每个人都有某种与生俱来的气质和某些特定的行为 你也说不出为什么会这样 你也无法改变它08:53Corleone:科莱奥内(意大利地名)Godfather:n.教父/vt.当的教父 Marlin:n.枪鱼,青枪鱼;四鳃旗鱼 Woody:adj.木质的;多树木的;木头似的 spines:n.解剖脊柱;棘状突起;体刺(spine的复数)blessed:adj.幸福的;受祝福的;神圣的/v.祝福(bless的过去分词)firmly:adv.坚定地,坚决地;坚固地,

43、稳固地 temperament:n.气质，性情，性格；急躁All you can do is learn to recognize it and own it.我们需要做的就是发现它 并拥有它09:06And some of us are born with temperaments that arepositive,some are negative.有的人的个性天生是积极地 有的人是消极的09:12But a major threshold is passed when you mature enough toacknowledge what drives you and to take

44、the wheel andsteer it.一旦跨过了这主要的坎 当你足够成熟的时候 能够意识到是什么在驱使你的时候 应该抓过方向盘,勇敢前进09:16As parents,youre always learning who your children are.作为父母,你总在不断认知你的孩子是怎么样的09:25Theyre learning who they are.他们自己的也在认识自己09:28And youre still learning who you are.而你自己也在仍在不断地了解你自己09:30So were all learning all the time.所以我们总是

45、在不断地在学习和了解的过程中的09:32And thats why change is fundamental in story.这也是为什么变化是故事的基本09:35If things go static,stories die,because life is never static.如果东西变得静止了,故事也就结束了 因为人生永远是动态而变化的09:38In 1998,I had finished writing Toy Story and A Bugs Life1998年的时候 我刚写完“玩具总动员”和“虫虫危机”09:43and I was completely hooked on

46、screenwriting.我被剧本创作深深地吸引住了09:47So I wanted to become much better at it and learn anything Icould.我想要成为更好,去学习任何我能获得的东西09:49So I researched everything I possibly could.所以我翻遍了所有我能找到的资料09:52threshold:n.入口;门槛;开始;极限;临界值 take the wheel:开车,掌控方向 hooked:adj.钩状的;吸毒成瘾的;入迷的/v.用钩固定;捉住(hook的过去分词)screenwriting:n.电

47、影剧本创作/adj.电影剧本创作的 researched:v.研究;调查(research的过去分词)/adj.研究过的;调查过的And I finally came across this fantastic quote by a Britishplaywright,William Archer:Drama is anticipation mingled直到有一天我遇到这个精彩的句子 来自一位英国剧作家,威廉阿彻“戏剧是夹杂着不确定性 的期待09:55playwright,William Archer:Drama is anticipation mingledwith uncertainty

48、.待09:55Its an incredibly insightful definition.这是一个非常有深度的解释10:04When youre telling a story,have you constructedanticipation?当你在讲故事的时候 你有想过制造悬念么10:07In the short-term,have you made me want to know what willhappen next?你有想过让我在短时间里就想要知道 接下来什么会发生么10:11But more importantly,have you made me want to know h

49、owit will all conclude in the long-term?更重要的的是 即便在一段时间后,你有让我想要 猜测整个结局会是什么的冲动么10:15Have you constructed honest conflicts with truth that createsdoubt in what the outcome might be?你有将矛盾冲突和事实结合 制造出重重疑团 甚至影响最后的结果么10:21An example would be in Finding Nemo,举一个在“海底总动员”里的例子10:27in the short tension,you were

50、always worried,would Dorysshort-term memory make her forget whatever she was beingtold by Marlin.在一段时间内,你总在担心 多瑞的短时间记忆 会不会让她忘记马文要她做的事情10:29playwright:n.剧作家 Archer:n.弓箭手 anticipation:n.希望;预感;先发制人;预支 mingled:v.融合,联合(mingle的过去分词形式)uncertainty:n.不确定,不可靠 insightful:adj.有深刻见解的,富有洞察力的 constructed:vt.构造,建造;