GeoffMulgan_2011G[杰夫.马尔根][工作室学校的简介].pdf

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1、www.XiYuS锡育软件What I want to talk about today is one idea.我今天想谈的概念00:12Its an idea for a new kind of school,which turns on its headmuch of our conventional thinking about what schools are forand how they work.是关于一种新式学校的想法 它颠覆了我们传统观念中 学校的定义和运作方式00:15And it might just be coming to a neighborhood near y

2、ousoon.也许不久的将来它就会出现在你的周围00:22Where it comes from is an organization called the YoungFoundation,which,over many decades,has come up withmany innovations in education,like the Open Universityand things like extended schools,它出自 一个叫做青年基金的组织 这个组织有数十年历史 已经在教育领域提出了很多新观念,比如函授大学 以及像拓展式学校之类的概念00:25schools fo

3、r social entrepreneurs,summer universities andthe School of Everything.社会企业家学校,夏季大学 和“万全学校”00:36And about five years ago,we asked what was the mostimportant need for innovation in schooling here in the U.K.大约5年前,我们提出一个问题 在英国的学校中,对于创新来说 最重要的需求是什么00:41And we felt the most important priority was to bri

4、ngtogether two sets of problems.我们认为最重要的优先选项是 两套问题00:48One was large numbers of bored teenagers who just didntlike school,couldnt see any relationship between what theylearned in school and future jobs.一个是大量的对学习厌烦的青少年 他们不喜欢学校 完全看不出在学校学的东西和将来的工作 有任何联系00:52come up with:提出;想出;赶上 innovations:n.创新(innova

5、tion的复数);改革 Open University:开放大学;函授大学entrepreneurs:n.企业家(entrepreneur的复数)innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法 schooling:n.学校教育;学费/v.教育(school的ing形式);培养And employers who kept complaining that the kids comingout of school werent actually ready for real work,didnt havethe right attitudes and experience.同时雇主们依旧不停抱怨 学

6、校毕业的学生其实根本无法适应真正的工作 缺乏正确的态度和经历01:00And so we try to ask:What kind of school would have theteenagers fighting to get in,not fighting to stay out?于是我们试着发问 什么样的学校可以让青少年争着进来 而不是抢着逃走？01:07And after hundreds of conversations with teenagers andteachers and parents and employers and schools fromParaguay to

7、Australia,and looking at some of the academicresearch,which showed the importance of whats now callednon-cognitive skills-the skills of motivation,resilience-and that these are as important经过数百次与青少年、老师 家长、雇主以及学校的交流 从巴拉圭 到澳大利亚 同时查找了一些学术研究 表明了我们现在所谓的 非认知性机能的重要性-动机、应变能力的技能-这些技能和认知性机能01:14as the cogniti

8、ve skills-formal academic skills-we came upwith an answer,a very simple answer in a way,which wecalled the Studio School.同样重要-和正规学术技能一样-我们得出一个结论,某种程度上说一个非常简单的答案 即我们所谓的工作室学校01:33And we called it a studio school to go back to the originalidea of a studio in the Renaissance where work and learningare i

9、ntegrated.我们让工作室学校回归到 文艺复兴时期对工作室最原始的定义上 即工作和学习相结合的地方01:40attitudes:n.态度,看法(attitude复数)stay out:呆在户外;不回家;持续到.结束 motivation:n.动机;积极性;推动resilience:n.恢复力;弹力;顺应力 cognitive:adj.认知的，认识的 in a way:在某种程度上;有点儿;十分激动 Renaissance:n.文艺复兴(欧洲14至17世纪)integrated:adj.综合的;完整的;互相协调的/v.整合;使成整体(integrate的过去分词)You work by l

10、earning,and you learn by working.人们通过学习指导工作 同时在工作中学习01:48And the design we came up with had the followingcharacteristics.我们设计的这个想法有以下这些特点01:52First of all,we wanted small schools-about 300,400 pupils-14 to 19 year-olds,and critically,about 80 percent of thecurriculum done not through sitting in clas

11、srooms,butthrough real-life,practical projects,working on commissionto businesses,NGOs and others.首先,我们希望学校规模要小-大约300-400名学生-14-19岁 重要的是,大约80%的课程 不是坐在课堂完成的 而是通过真实的,授权给商业机构 非政府机构等其他机构 的实际项目来完成01:55That every pupil would have a coach,as well as teachers,whowould have timetables much more like a work e

12、nvironment每一个学生都会有一位导师和几位老师 他们会有时间表 这更像是在商业领域内的工作环境02:12TED演讲者：Geoff Mulgan|杰夫.马尔根演讲标题：Geoff Mulgan:A short intro to the Studio School|工作室学校的简介内容概要：Geoff Mulgan is director of the Young Foundation,a center for social innovation,social enterprise and public policy that pioneers ideas in fields such a

13、s aging,education andpoverty reduction.He.s the founder of the think-tank Demos,and the author of The Art ofPublic Strategy.有些儿童通过倾听来学习；另一些则通过实践来学习。杰夫.马尔根对工作室学校进行了简要介绍，这是一种英国的新式学校，在这里儿童以小组形式通过完成项目来学习，就像马尔根说的那样，“实践性的”would have timetables much more like a work environmentin a business.And all of this

14、 will be done within the public system,fundedby public money,but independently run.同时所有上述这些工作都会在公开体制下进行 由公共资金资助 但独立运作02:19And all at no extra cost,no selection,and allowing the pupilsthe route into university,even if many of them would want tobecome entrepreneurs and have manual jobs as well.没有额外费用和

15、选拔 同时学生可以通过这类学校进入大学 虽然他们中的很多人希望成为企业家 或者获得一份蓝领工作02:25characteristics:n.特性,特征;特色(characteristic的复数);特质 First of all:adv.首先 pupils:n.学生(pupil的复数形式);解剖瞳孔 critically:adv.精密地;危急地;批评性地;用钻研眼光地 curriculum:n.课程/总课程 real-life:adj.现实的;实在的 aswell as:也;和一样;不但而且 timetables:n.时间表;时刻表;课程表 funded:adj.提供资金的/v.提供资金;积存;

16、提供资金偿付的本息(fund的过去式)independently:adv.独立地;自立地Underlying it was some very simple ideas that large numbersof teenagers learn best by doing things,they learn best inteams and they learn best by doing things for real-all theopposite of what mainstream schooling actually does.这些是基于一个非常简单的概念 即对于大多数青少年来说,最好

17、的学习方式是实践 团队方式最有利于学习 同时做实际的工作也是最有利的-主流教育界做的实际上都是 相反的02:36Now that was a nice idea,so we moved into the rapidprototyping phase.现在有了一个好的想法 于是我们进入到快速示范点建设阶段02:51We tried it out,first in Luton-famous for its airport and notmuch else,I fear-and in Blackpool-famous for its beachesand leisure.进行了试点 首先是在卢顿-因

18、机场闻名的城市-布莱克浦-因海滩和安逸的生活而闻名02:56And what we found-and we got quite a lot of things wrongand then improved them-but we found that the youngpeople loved it.我们发现了什么-我们发现了很多问题 然后进行了改进-但是我们发现年轻人很喜欢这个新想法03:05They found it much more motivational,much more excitingthan traditional education.他们觉得它较之传统教育来说更富主动性

19、 更令人兴奋03:11And perhaps most important of all,two years later when theexam results came through,the pupils who had been put onthese field trials who were in the lowest performing groupshad jumped right to the top-可能这些好处中最重要的是 两年后,当考试结果出来的时候 在实践演练中 表现的最差组的学生们 一跃成为了尖子生-03:16Underlying:adj.潜在的；根本的；在下面的；

20、优先的/v.放在的下面；为的基础；优先于(underlie的ing形式)mainstream:n.主流 beaches:n.海洋海滩;海洋海滨(beach的复数形式)motivational:adj.动机的;激发性的;有关动机的;动机说明 lowest:adj.最低的;最小的(low的最高级);最底下的in fact,pretty much at the top decile of performance interms of GCSEs,which is the British marking system.实际上,许多学生表现有顶级的分数表现 在英国的一个 叫做普通中等教育的测试系统中03

21、:27Now not surprisingly,that influenced some people to thinkwe were onto something.现在不出意料的是 已经影响到了一些人去思考我们正在做的事情03:35The minister of education down south in London describedhimself as a big fan.教育部长 在伦敦南部 说自己是它的忠实粉丝03:40And the business organizations thought we were ontosomething in terms of a way o

22、f preparing children muchbetter for real-life work today.同时企业组织认为我们所做的事情 是在探索一条让孩子能更好的适应 当今现实工作的路03:46And indeed,the head of the Chambers of Commerce is nowthe chairman of the Studio Schools Trust and helping it,notjust with big businesses,but small businesses all over thecountry.商会负责人 现在成为了工作室学校的主席

23、 并提供帮助,不仅仅和大企业 也和全国的小企业03:53We started with two schools.我们在两个学校试点04:04Thats grown this year to about 10.今年增长到大约10家04:06And next year,were expecting about 35 schools open acrossEngland,and another 40 areas want to have their ownschools opening-a pretty rapid spread of this idea.明年,预计大约35家 贯穿英格兰 同时其它4

24、0个地区 希望有他们自己的学校-新理念被快速 传播开来04:08decile:n.十分相;十分位数 in terms of:依据;按照;在方面;以措词 marking:n.标志;打分;做记号;斑纹/v.注意;作记号于;给打分数(mark的ing形式)influenced:adj.受影响的/v.影响(influence的过去分词)Chambers:n.内庭(chamber的复数)Interestingly,its happened almost entirely without mediacoverage.有趣的是 这些传播几乎完全不依靠媒体的报道04:21Its happened almost

25、 entirely without big money behind it.几乎完全没有雄厚资金的背后支持04:26It spread almost entirely through word of mouth,virally,across teachers,parents,people involved in education.它的传播完全通过口口相传 遍及老师,父母 教育界的人04:30And it spread because of the power of an idea-so the very,very simple idea about turning education on

26、its head andputting the things which were marginal,它的传播是因为思想的力量-所以一个非常简单的想法 它把教育放在首位 并把那些边缘性的东西04:38things like working in teams,doing practical projects,andputting them right at the heart of learning,rather than onthe edges.比如团队合作,实际操作 放在学习的最核心位置 而不是边缘04:47Now theres a whole set of new schools open

27、ing up this现在已经有一整套新式学校 将于今年秋天开学04:56Now theres a whole set of new schools opening up thisautumn.04:56This is one from Yorkshire where,in fact,my nephew,I hope,will be able to attend it.这是约克郡的一个 我希望我的侄子可以加入05:00And this one is focused on creative and media industries.这家学校专注在 创造性和媒体产业05:05Other ones

28、have a focus on health care,tourism,engineeringand other fields.其它学校有专攻卫生保健 旅游,工程学 和其他领域05:09We think were onto something.我们自认为所作的事情05:15Interestingly:adv.有趣地 virally:adj.医学(滤过性)病毒的;(滤过性)病毒引起的 marginal:adj.边缘的；临界的；末端的Its not perfect yet,but we think this is one idea which cantransform the lives of t

29、housands,possibly millions,ofteenagers who are really bored by schooling.还并不完美 但是我们坚信这个想法 可以改变那些数千 也许是数百万厌倦学校教育 青少年的人生05:17It doesnt animate them.并不是告诉他们去做什么05:27Theyre not like all of you who can sit in rows and hear thingssaid to you for hour after hour.他们和在座的各位不一样 他们不喜欢数小时听别人讲东西05:29They want to

30、do things,they want to get their hands dirty,they want education to be for real.他们希望去做东西,他们想让双手忙活起来 他们希望教育去适应现实05:35And my hope is that some of you out there may be able tohelp us.我希望在座的朋友 可以给予我们帮助05:41We feel were on the beginning of a journey of experimentand improvement to turn the Studio School

31、idea intosomething which is present,not as a universal answer forevery child,but at least as an answer for some children inevery part of the world.对于工作室学校想法的实验和改造 我们所作的只是万里长征的一小步 我们希望把这个想法变成一个答案 也许它不能成为适合 每一位儿童的普遍答案 但是至少适合世界上无论何处的部分儿童的答案05:45www.XiYuS锡育软件And I hope that a few of you at least can help us make thathappen.同时我希望你们中的小部分人至少可以帮我们把它实现06:00Thank you very much.非常感谢06:03(Applause)（掌声）06:05animate:vt.使有生气;使活泼;鼓舞;推动/adj.有生命的 sit in:列席,旁听;参加;代理*Warning:本文是由生成导出，请用于个人学习，不要用于商业用途。否则，导致的一切法律后果，均由您个人承担，锡育软件概不负责。*