高中英语七选五解题步骤与技巧(课堂PPT).ppt

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1、“七选五七选五”解题步骤解题步骤 与技巧与技巧11.1.题型归纳题型归纳:完形填空填的是完形填空填的是词词，七选五填的是，七选五填的是句子，句子，但考察重点相似。该题型在新课标卷出现以来均采但考察重点相似。该题型在新课标卷出现以来均采用用说明文。说明文。2.2.选材特点选材特点：短文一般为短文一般为300300词左右的说明文或议论文，其中词左右的说明文或议论文，其中正文词数正文词数240240左右，选项词数左右，选项词数6060左右。短文篇章结构左右。短文篇章结构常归纳为：常归纳为：提出问题提出问题解决问题解决问题，一般不在首句，一般不在首句设空。设空。3.主旨句主旨句（标题类，主题句类）（标

2、题类，主题句类）设空类型设空类型 过渡性句子（文章结构）过渡性句子（文章结构）细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑 意义）意义）22012015 5年的高考将继续以年的高考将继续以说明文说明文为为主。主。对对细节题细节题的考察为七选五的考查的考察为七选五的考查重点。重点。31.1.先读先读文章的开始部分文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题，明确文章的基本话题,然后仔然后仔细阅读五个空各自的细阅读五个空各自的前后前后句句寻找并画出寻找并画出关键词关键词。（一名。（一名(名词名词)袋（袋（代词代词）鼠（）鼠（数词数词）很特殊（）很特殊（特殊疑问词特殊疑问词），），连（连（连词连词）蹦

3、（）蹦（动词动词）带跳很彪（）带跳很彪（标点标点/标题标题）悍。）悍。）2.2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。3.3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。4.4.将将选项选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次

4、确定选项。选项。4细节类题型解题技巧细节类题型解题技巧 (词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接)答题技巧：答题技巧：51.词汇的衔接包括：词汇的衔接包括：1)词汇复现词汇复现 复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指复现关系，主要是指原词复现原词复现、同义词、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。6 The scientists say that the human li

5、fe has changed greatlyOur bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses 72 So they are called diseases of civilizationMany cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases.AStone Age people lived a simple life.BBut

6、 today,we enjoy eating a lot of these.CIn that case,they would live much healthier.DAncient people also got lots of physical exercise.EThese new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.F People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.GModern people used to suffer from diseases of civi

7、lization.sicknessessicknessesE同词复现同词复现7 On the other hand,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._Those disadvantages include expense

8、,time away from ones school,family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However,there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Most of us are adapted to studying at school.However?反义词复现反义词复现82)2)同范畴词出现同范畴词出现同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接

9、的目的。你可以在选项中找到与义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。上下文的衔接关系越紧密。9 Everybody gets stressed time to time.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:(1)Get support.When you need help,reach out to the people who care about you.Ta

10、lk to a trusted adult,such as a parent or other relatives.72 They might have had similar problems such as dealing with a test,or the death of a beloved pet.A.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.C.Different people feel stress in different ways E.You need to figure out what t

11、he problem is.F.And dont forget about your friends.可以相信的人可以相信的人=父母父母+亲戚亲戚+朋友（同范畴）朋友（同范畴）F103)3)代词线索代词线索 英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。题。itit可指代单数名词或整个句子；可指代单数名词或整个句子；theythey或或themthem指代复数

12、名词；指代复数名词；oneone指代单数可数名词；指代单数可数名词；thatthat指代不可数名词或句子；指代不可数名词或句子；thisthis指代单数指代单数名词或句子名词或句子;these;these 或或thosethose指代前句的复数指代前句的复数名词。名词。11 73 They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,B.He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.A.Doct

13、ors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.C.Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.TheyA12 72 .Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper.They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful.People may say that someone has trouble controlling t

14、heir temper._73_E.In fact,they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry.G.Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.GE13 过渡性句子过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：+A,A,并列关系：并列关系：First(ly),Second(ly),First(ly),Second(ly),；First,then/nextFirst,then/next；In the In t

15、he first placefirst place，in the second place;for one thing,for another thing in the second place;for one thing,for another thing,.,.；then/next,finally/last then/next,finally/last 等。等。+B,B,递进关系：递进关系：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,what,what

16、s more,in addition,s more,in addition,as well,to make matters worse,not as well,to make matters worse,not.but.,not only.but also.but.,not only.but also等。等。+C,C,解释例证关系：解释例证关系：for example,for instance,in fact/as a matter for example,for instance,in fact/as a matter of fact,actually,in other words/that

17、 is to say of fact,actually,in other words/that is to say 等等+D,D,因果关系：因果关系：so/therefore,thus,consequently(so/therefore,thus,consequently(结果）结果）,as a ,as a result(of),so/such.that.,so that.result(of),so/such.that.,so that.等等+E,E,转折对比关系：转折对比关系：but,however,yet,while/though,or but,however,yet,while/thou

18、gh,or/otherwise,on the contrary,instead,nevertheless/otherwise,on the contrary,instead,nevertheless（然而）（然而）,still,still,yet,on the contrary,in contrast/comparison,yet,on the contrary,in contrast/comparison 等等+F,F,概况归纳关系：概况归纳关系：in short,in brief,in summary,generally in short,in brief,in summary,gener

19、ally speaking,in general,to conclude,in conclusion,in a word,on speaking,in general,to conclude,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole,to sum up the whole,to sum up 等等2.逻辑关系的衔接逻辑关系的衔接14B.There are three practical note-taking methods.A.You must write your notes on separate paper.C.First,the simple act

20、of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it._.Second,your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.C15篇章结构类题解题技巧篇章结构类题解题技巧16根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1)如果问题在段首如果问题在段首 通常是段落主题句。通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或

21、其他相关的词，段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。题。2)如果问题在段尾如果问题在段尾 通常是结论、概括性语句。通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语，选等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。项中也可发现前文的同义词句。17（2010新课标全国卷）新课标全国卷）+73

22、_+When a person is asking a question,show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.+A.Show your true interest.+B.Restate the question with respect.+C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.(2011辽宁卷）辽宁卷）+Go for a walk.+Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖葡萄糖)levels ca

23、n harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical are blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact,exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain._ 74_+A.This can be especially harmful to the aged.+B.So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.+C.In other words,wh

24、en you take care of your body,you take care of your brain.AC18+注重实效注重实效。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注意文章的布局。意文章的布局。+注意命题陷阱。注意命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样的日期都在语文或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的日期都在语文或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。+注重速度注重速度。进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。进行限时训练，培养实战

25、观念，不可拖沓。+将近几年将近几年高考题高考题进行分析，重点分析结构清晰分明的进行分析，重点分析结构清晰分明的说明文和议论文。说明文和议论文。19经验一经验一：前瞻后顾，寻找：前瞻后顾，寻找信号词信号词，回，回到选择项中筛选。到选择项中筛选。(复现复现)经验二经验二：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把握。握。(同义同义)经验三经验三：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络,留留意文章的起承转意文章的起承转.(逻辑及结构逻辑及结构)经验分享经验分享20三、总结：三、总结：主旨大意把握好，读懂选项更重要主旨大意把握好，读懂选项更重要 关键信息相匹配，核查排除不可少关

26、键信息相匹配，核查排除不可少21Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences,36.That is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

27、Unfortunately,weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been suffer from,lied to,misled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore,37.Its understandable,but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you ca

28、n take to get you there.38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.（幸福）（幸福）A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you

29、 can expect the best in return.E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.BEA22 39 If youve been betrayed,you ar

30、e the victim of your circumstance.But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a“victim mentality”.（心态）（心态）At some point in all of our lives,well have our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose“everything”.Once trust is lost,what is left?Instead of looking at the situation from th

31、is hopeless angle,look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.40 instead,its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.cG2324