英语国家概况课件之英国(课堂PPT).ppt

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1、A GUIDE TO ENGLISH-A GUIDE TO ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIESSPEAKING COUNTRIESENGLISH DEPARTMENTENGLISH DEPARTMENTWU SI YINGWU SI YING1 Which are the English-speaking Which are the English-speaking countries?countries?22024/7/10Which are the English-speaking Which are the English-speaking countries?coun

2、tries?The U.KThe U.SCanadaThe Republic of Ireland AustraliaNew Zealand&.32024/7/10English-Speaking CountriesEnglish as official language CountriesThe Republic of Guyana42024/7/10The Empire on which the sun never sets The Empire on which the sun never sets 52024/7/10Chapter 1 Chapter 1 Geography,Peop

3、le and Geography,People and LanguageLanguage62024/7/10Where is the U.K.in European Where is the U.K.in European continent?continent?72024/7/1082024/7/10 The U.K.The U.K.9 British IslesBritish IslesEnglandScotlandWalesNorthern Ireland 102024/7/10ENGLANDENGLAND Cover The LARGEST part of British island

4、;The most populous and wealthiest part;the second longest and the most important river flows through it-?;Highly urbanized-?%of the population living in cities.112024/7/10ScotlandScotlandThe second largest part both in area and population;The most important river in it is-?Remained unified state ind

5、ependent of Britain for a VERY long time;?One of the most important industries is-?122024/7/10WalesWales Cover less than?%of the British island;The longest river of the island flow through it-?It has been dominated by England LONGER than other parts but still retains a strong sense of its difference

6、 from England132024/7/10Northern IrelandNorthern IrelandThe smallest of the other four parts both in area and population;It occupies the northern?/?of the island of Ireland.It has the largest lake of the Isles-?142024/7/10The Capitals&The Capitals&LanguagesLanguagesEngland-LondonScotland-EdinburghWa

7、les-CardiffNorthern Ireland-BelfastEnglishGaelicWelsh*Irish?152024/7/10ClimateClimateTEMPERATE:warm summer(around 20),cool winters(around 0)and plentiful precipitation.3 Features:1.frequent fog in winter;2.large number of rainy days;3.changeability.162024/7/10Extracurricular questionsExtracurricular

8、 questionsDo you know how did the flag of the U.K.combine?172024/7/10182024/7/10II PeopleII People192024/7/10The English LanguageThe English Language202024/7/10HomeworkHomework212024/7/10HomeworkHomeworkTour plan(group work):Design a 3-day tour in England,Scotland,Wales or Northern Ireland covering

9、your most favorite cities and tourist attractions.Make a PPT of your plan,containing typical pictures and instructions(no more than 5 minutes in total)Send me PPT through the Internet before this Friday 6 p.m.222024/7/10Chapter 2 HistoryChapter 2 History232024/7/10Words you should know:Words you sho

10、uld know:Arrogant:傲慢的Bourgeoisie：资产阶级Capitalism：资本主义Catholic:天主教Christianity:基督教Colony:殖民地Commonwealth:英联邦Factions:派系斗争，内讧Feudalism:封建主义Invade:侵略Imperialism:帝国主义 Monarchy:君主制Monopoly:垄断Parliament:议会Protestants:新教徒Proletariat:无产阶级Reign:君主统治Restore:恢复Throne:王权242024/7/10History PeriodsHistory PeriodsP

11、 1:55 BC 410 Under Roman Conqueror;P 2:the Angles,the Saxons&the Jutes came 1066 William was crowned;P 3:1154-1485 House of Anjou(Magna Carta 1215);252024/7/10History PeriodsHistory PeriodsP 4:14th 15th century“The Hundred Years War”&“The War of the Roses”;P 5:16th century The Reformation;P 6:17th c

12、entury The Civil Wars&the Glorious Revolution;262024/7/10P 7:18th-19th century The Industrial Revolution;P8:19th century British Empire;P 9:20th Now World War I&World War II;272024/7/10Chapter 3 Government and the Chapter 3 Government and the CommonwealthCommonwealth282024/7/10Constitution(Constitut

13、ion(宪法）宪法）Definition：Theconstitutionof a country or organization is the system of laws which formally states peoples rights and duties.292024/7/10Constitution(Constitution(宪法）宪法）Distinguishing feature：Unwritten；（not systematically codified into single document/no single constitutional document)30202

14、4/7/10Constitution(Constitution(宪法）宪法）Statutory lawPassed by parliament;Most important and takes precedence over the other if there is a clash.Common lawNot precisely definedIt is deduced from customs or legal precedents and is interpreted in court cases by judges.conventionsNot legally enforceableR

15、egarded as vital to the working of the government.312024/7/10Government:Government:The LegislatureThe ExecutiveThe Judiciary322024/7/10The LegislatureThe LegislatureParliamentCrownThe House of Lords(Upper House)The House of Commons(Lower House)332024/7/10Crown:Crown:Theoretically,the King or Queen i

16、s the source of all government powers,the head of the legislative,executive and judicial branches,the commander-in-chief of all army forces and the“supreme governor of the Church of England;giving their Royal Assent to any new law,meeting with the Prime Minister on a weekly basis,paying state visits

17、 to Commonwealth countries or non-Commonwealth countries on behalf of the government.342024/7/10Crown:Crown:Symbolic,Ceremonial&UnpoliticalImportance:Keep the stability of the British government Keep the continuity and adaptability of the whole political system;The symbol of British unity,an indisso

18、luble bond among people who retain many regional and cultural differences;352024/7/10The House of Lords:The House of Lords:Consisting of life peers Archbishops and bishops of the Church of England elected hereditary peers362024/7/10The House of Lords:The House of Lords:Function:Examining and revise

19、bills from the House of Commons;Acts in a legal capacity as the highest court of appeal;it is going to be reformed.372024/7/10The House of CommonsThe House of Commons the center of parliamentary power Composed of 650 constituencies,which is known as“MPs”,was elected to represents their constituency

20、by British adults in a general election every five years.The Leader of the party which holds the majority of“seats”is the Prime Minister.382024/7/10The House of CommonsThe House of CommonsFunctions:the most important is drafting new laws;scrutinizing the actions of the government;influence future go

21、vernment policy.392024/7/10The ExecutiveThe ExecutiveThe ExecutiveThe Prime MinsterThe CabinetAssistants to the ministers the Privy Council402024/7/10the Privy Councilthe Privy Council In Britain,the Privy Councilis a group of people who are appointed to advise the king or queen on political affairs

22、.412024/7/10The JudiciaryThe Judiciary Complicated422024/7/10The JudiciaryThe JudiciaryMagistrates courtCrown CourtHigh CourtCourt of AppealSupreme CourtAll Criminal cases:All Criminal cases:432024/7/10The JudiciaryThe JudiciaryMagistrates courtCounty courtHigh CourtCourt of AppealCivil Cases:Civil

23、Cases:442024/7/10ElectionElection 500 pounds deposit use advertisements in newspapers,door-to-door campaigning and leaflets as electoral campaigns people vote on election day in their local polling station;counting begins at the end of the day and the result comes out the early morning of the next day.452024/7/10HomeworkHomeworkExercises on Page 41-Page 42462024/7/10