高考英语-阅读理解之七选五(课堂PPT).ppt

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1、高考阅读理解之七选五七选五14.解题技巧3.解题步骤2.命题方向1.题型介绍目录2七选五是英语高考试卷中的重要重要题型1.题型介绍3考试说明“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容整体内容和结构结构以及上下文逻辑意义上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”1.题型介绍主旨概括性句子主旨概括性句子过渡性句子过渡性句子注释性句子注释性句子4难在哪里？1.题型介绍个别选项区分度不大，干扰性强个别选项区分度不大，干扰性强5说明文说明文议论文议论文记叙文记叙文2.命题方向分析历年高考真题可知分析历年高考真题可知结构性强，适合考察标题概括标题概括，主题句主题句，过渡句过渡句等62.命题方向以以13-17年高考全国年高考全国II

2、卷为例，体裁都是说明文卷为例，体裁都是说明文72.命题方向以以13-17年高考全国年高考全国II卷为例，体裁都是说明文卷为例，体裁都是说明文83.解题步骤 04020103先看选选项项，勾画选项中的关键信息再看文文章章，分析文章结构，观察文章设空位置观察空空前前空空后后内容，分析之间的逻辑性代代入入答案，重点核核查查逻辑关系94.解题技巧语篇衔接手段01语篇衔接手段包括词汇衔接，逻辑衔接篇章结构02根据设空在篇章中位置的不同确定不同的解题技巧104.解题技巧语篇衔接手段01词汇衔接【例1 2016全国新课标卷1】People have used secret codes for thousan

3、ds of years.36 Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded message is called cryptography.AIt is very hard to break a code without the code book.BIn any language,some letters are used more than others.COnly people who know the keyword can read the mes

4、sage.DAs long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.解析：C项的to break them与空后的Code breaking属于同词复现。词汇复现114.解题技巧语篇衔接手段01词汇衔接【例2 2014全国新课标卷2】Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal,make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread?

5、38 It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.C.Make three or four instead.D.Understand your food better.解析：空前的空前的one与与three,four都是数字，属于同范畴的词，都是数字，属于同范畴的词，将此选项代入空格，前后意义将此选项代入空格，前后意义衔接，故选衔接，故选C项。项。词汇同现124.解题技巧语篇衔接手段01词汇衔接【例3 2017全国新

6、课标卷N2】If you have a door to your office,make good use of it.40 .If someone knocks and its not an important matter,excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示)that when the door is closed,youre not to be disturbed.E.Its important that you let them know when youll be

7、 availableF.It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youG.Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not解析：G项的it与空前door照应代词指代13语篇衔接手段词汇衔接词汇复现词汇同现代词指代144.解题技巧语篇衔接手段01逻辑衔接A.A.并列关系：并列关系：并列关系：并列关系：And;First(ly)，Second(ly)，.；First,then/next，.；In the first place

8、,in the second place.；for one thing,for another thing，.；then/next,finally/last 等。B.B.递进关系：递进关系：递进关系：递进关系：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,whats more,in addition,as well,to make matters worse,not.but.,not only.but also等。C.C.解释例证关系：解释例证关系：解释例证关系：解释例证关系：for example,for instance,in fact/as

9、a matter of fact,actually,in other words/that is to say等。154.解题技巧语篇衔接手段01逻辑衔接D.D.因果关系：因果关系：因果关系：因果关系：so/therefore,thus,consequently(结果),as a result(of),so/such.that.，so that.等。E.E.转折对比关系：转折对比关系：转折对比关系：转折对比关系：but,however,yet,while/though,or/otherwise,on the contrary,if not,instead,nevertheless(然而),st

10、ill,yet,on the contrary,in contrast/comparison 等。F.F.概括归纳关系：概括归纳关系：概括归纳关系：概括归纳关系：in short,in brief,in summary,generally speaking,in general,to conclude,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole,to sum up 等。164.解题技巧语篇衔接手段01逻辑衔接【例4.2016全国新课标卷1】There are three main types of cryptography.37 For example,the f

11、irst letters of“My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden massage“Meet me.”EYou can hide a message by having the first letter of each word spell it out.F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.GAnother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand f

12、or specific letters of the alphabet.解析：由空后的For example可得知是解释例证关系。E项与下文举例相符。解释例证关系174.解题技巧语篇衔接手段01逻辑衔接【例5.2017全国新课标卷N3】Keep a record and evaluate it weekly.Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel.After youve tried a new method for a week,take a look at your record.40 If notIf not,take

13、another look at other methods you could try.D.And consider setting a second alarm.E.If the steps you take are working,keep it up.F.Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time,no matter the day.转折对比关系解析：由空后的If not可得知转折对比关系。E项if引导的条件句与下文if not有转折对比关系。184.解题技巧语篇衔接手段01逻辑衔接【例6.2014全国卷】Hopefully that gives

14、 you a good start.40 AndAnd dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!E.Cooking is a burden for many people.F.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.并列关系解析：由空后的and可得知并列关系。19语篇衔接手段逻辑衔接并列转折解释例证.204.解题技巧02【例7】(2016全国卷)It star

15、ts with looking inside yourselfand how you approach the gardening process.37 Some people may think that a garden Others are concerned about using gardening methods However,there are a number of other reasons thatmight explain why you want to gardenRecall(回忆)your childhood memories Our model of what

16、a gardenA.Know why you garden.B.Find a good place for your own garden.篇章结构a.在小标题设空小标题特点是简短简短，与文中给出的小标题结构一致，多为祈使句祈使句214.解题技巧02【例8】(2017全国新课标卷N2)37 .Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.A.If youre busy,

17、dont feel bad about saying noB.When you want to avoid interruptions at workC.Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes篇章结构b.在段首设空通常是段落主题句段落主题句段落主题句段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落段落一致性一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。解析：空格为本段主旨句。根据下文可知，本段主要讲述了受到打扰要告诉别人你有很多事要做，再找另外的时间交谈。224.解题技巧02【例9】(2017全国新课标卷N3)37 .In order to ma

18、ke a change,you need to decide why its important.Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family,get in some exercise,or just be better prepared for your day?Once you are clear about your reason,tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.A.Get a sleep specialist

19、.B.Find the right motivation.C.A better plan for sleep can help.篇章结构b.在段首设空通常是段落主题句段落主题句段落主题句段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落段落一致性一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。解析：空格为本段主旨句。通读本段内容可知，本段主要是建议读者要弄清楚自己做出改变的原因，并告诉家人或室友你想要做的改变。234.解题技巧02【例10】(2017全国新课标卷N3)Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends.If youre tired out by Frid

20、ay night,sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful.But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week,a recent study found.39 E.If the steps you take are working,keep it up.F.Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time,no matter the day.G.Reconsider the 15 min

21、utes you spend in line at the caf to get coffee.篇章结构c.在段末设空通常是总结句，总结句，总结概括该段内容。therefore,as a result,thus,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word；如非总结句非总结句，则要考虑与前面句子的词汇和逻辑衔接解析：空格为本段概括句。本段主要建议读者即使在周末也要坚持自己设定的睡觉和起床时间。244.解题技巧02【例11】(2016高考浙江卷)How to Have a Successful Teenage Life Everyone wants to su

22、cceed in their life,dont they?Even as a teenager,you can achieve success in your life;it really isnt that hard.31 Do well in school.Do good in your community.F.Here are some important points that you may find helpful.G.Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.篇章结构c.在段

23、末设空如在首段段末首段段末设空，通常是演绎句。常见结构为Here are several steps/ways/suggestions to help you.25篇章结构a.在小标题设空b.在段首设空c.在段末设空小标题特点是简短简短，与文中给出的小标题结构一致，多为祈使句祈使句通常是段落主题句段落主题句段落主题句段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。通常是总结句，总结句，总结概括该段内容。therefore,as a result,thus,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word；如非总结句非总结句，则要考虑与前面句子的词汇和逻辑衔接如在首段段末首段段末设空，通常是演绎句。常见结构为Here are several steps/ways/suggestions to help you.26Enlarge your vocabulary!Enjoy reading!27Homework完成完成2016-2017年高考全国卷七选五真题年高考全国卷七选五真题28tThank you!型年终总结型年终总结PPT模板模板|工作总结工作总结|商务报告商务报告|新年计划新年计划|商务展示商务展示|29