高中英语选择性必修4Section B　Learning About Language.docx

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1、Section BLearning About Language必备知识基础练.单词拼写1.The company wanted to hire someone with experience,someone who knows about real (房地产).答案estate2.Tom looked embarrassed,as if he were a (间谍) whose cover had been blown.答案spy3.I forgot to include my experience as an (会计) in my resume.答案accountant4.A (贪婪的)

2、young man in his neighbourhood heard the news and went into the cave himself.答案greedy5.We are a minority and must win people round to the (正义) of our cause.答案justice6.He was (指控) of robbing a bank and was sentenced to ten years in prison.答案accused7.China is a (社会主义的) country,and a developing country

3、 as well.答案socialist.短语填空make great contributions to,come to a conclusion,of great importance,be accused of,be devoted to,in spite of,along with,make the most of1.I will then based on what I have learnt.答案come to a conclusion2.We all hope to make the acquaintance of more people,which is to us.答案of g

4、reat importance3.With our knowledge based on practice,we can our society.答案make great contributions to4.This company using misleading advertisements in its promotion of the diet pills last year.答案was accused of5.Only when we realise the importance of helping each other can we building a harmonious s

5、ociety.答案be devoted to6.You had better your intelligence to serve the people.答案make the most of7. the large-scale construction of roads and highways,there is still much room for improvement.答案In spite of8.She lost her job when the factory closed, hundreds of others.答案along with.写出画线部分的句子成分并翻译下列长句1.T

6、his book can give you the answers to the questions most often asked by parents,teachers and students themselves.答案过去分词短语作定语。句意:这本书可以给你父母、老师和学生自己最常问的问题的答案。2.Walking together,my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I learned lessons from his experiences.答案定语从句。句意:曾经我父亲和我走在一起时

7、有很多对话,通过这些对话,我从他的经历中吸取了教训。3.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,even if they have the interest.答案让步状语从句。句意:工程师们非常繁忙,以至于他们即使有兴趣,也没有时间去进行户外体育活动。4.When a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied is that the person

8、wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.答案时间状语从句。句意:当一个来自这些文化群体之一的人在讲话的时候突然停住了,可能那个人想要在继续(讲话)之前让听众去思考之前说了什么。5.We should respect food and think about the people who dont have what we have here and treat food nicely.答案宾语从句。句意:我们应该尊重食物,想想那些没有我们这里所拥有的东西的人,好好对待食物。6.Johns succe

9、ss has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work that has made him what he is today.答案强调句。句意:约翰的成功与好运无关。正是多年的努力工作使他成就了今天的自己。7.No matter how carefully you plan your finances,no one can predict when the unexpected will happen.答案宾语从句。句意:无论你对自己的财务计划得多么仔细,也没有人能预测意外什么时候会发生。8.Suppose youre in a

10、 rush,feeling tired,not paying attention to your computer screen,and you send an e-mail that could get you in trouble.答案定语从句。句意:假设你很忙,感到疲劳,注意力不在你的电脑屏幕上,然后你发了一封可能会使你陷入麻烦的电子邮件。关键能力提升练.阅读理解主题语境:人与自我语篇类型:说明文难度:When John was growing up,other kids felt sorry for him.His parents always had him weeding the

11、garden,carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.But when John reached adulthood,he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction and a better marriage,and he was healthier.Most of all,he was happier.Far happier.These are the findings of a 40-year study that follo

12、wed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.“Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,” said George Vaillan

13、t,the psychologist who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves,others felt good about them.”Vaillants study followed these males in great detail.Interviews were repeated at ages 25,31 and 47.Under Vaillant,the researchers compared the mens mental-health scores with their boyh

14、ood-activity scores.Points were awarded for part-time jobs,housework,effort in school,and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have

15、good relations with a wide variety of people,five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.Workingat any ageis important.Childhood activi

16、ties help a child develop responsibility,independence,confidence and competencethe underpinnings (基础) of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.Yet work isnt everything.As Tols

17、toy once said,“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love,to work for the person one loves and to love ones work.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,那些小时候工作过的人比那些没有工作过的人生活得更快乐、更富有成效。1.What do we know about John?A.He enjoyed his career and marriage.B.He had few childhood playm

18、ates.C.He received little love from his family.D.He was envied by others in his childhood.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He had more job satisfaction and a better marriage,and he was healthier.(他对工作更满意,婚姻更美满,身体更健康。)”可知,约翰喜欢他的事业和婚姻。2.What do Vaillants words in Paragraph 2 serve as?A.A description of personal val

19、ues and social values.B.An analysis of how work was related to competence.C.An example for parents expectations of their children.D.An explanation why some boys grew into happy men.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“And because they felt good about themselves,others felt good about them.(而且因为他们对自己感觉良好,其他人也对他们感觉良好

20、。)”可以推断出,Vaillant在第二段的话解释了为什么一些男孩成长为快乐的人。3.What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A.Quick to react.B.Having a thin edge.C.Clear and definite.D.Sudden and rapid.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据下文“Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have good relations with

21、 a wide variety of people,five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.(那些在童年时期参加活动最多的人,与各种各样的人保持良好关系的可能性是其他人的两倍,获得高薪的可能性是其他人的五倍,较不可能失业的可能性是其他人的16倍。)”可推断出,这些男性在孩童时期的行为和成年后的表现之间的联系惊人地明确。sharp的意思是“明确的”。4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Competent

22、adults know more about love than work.B.Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C.Love brings more joy to people than work does.D.Independence is the key to ones success.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段推断出,情感健康对美好的成年人生活至关重要。.七选五主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文难度:Want to Be Happy at Work?Care Less About ItA friend

23、 recently told me that she was ready to quit her job,explaining to me that there were big changes at her workplace and no way she could perform all her tasks on time.1For many of us introverts(内向的人),our professional efforts and results are a reflection of ourselves and our dedication to our employer

24、.Because we arent the social butterflies of the office.We feel a need to prove to our superiors that we are smart,hard-working,and dependable.For people like me and my close-to-quitting friend,the concept of giving anything less than our best doesnt cross our mind.2We are disappointed and frustrated

25、 when we cant always achieve those standards.Its great to make a difference at work,but you have to take care of yourself first.Putting in slightly less effort in times of high stress doesnt mean you dont care about your job.3Consider this saying:The perfect is the enemy of the good.When you reduce

26、the pressure on yourself to attain perfection,you can flow more quickly and easily through your tasks.4Here is my advice for you when you find yourself in the midst of panic.First,ask yourself:whats the worst that will happen if I miss a deadline by one day?5 Write down the specific tasks that are c

27、ausing the feelings of stress.Talk it out with a friend or family member.You might discover that the situation isnt as horrible as you thought.By approaching your tasks one at a time you can make real progress.A.We set high standards for ourselves.B.It means you care about yourself more.C.The pressu

28、re on yourself shouldnt be ignored.D.You might achieve more when you care less.E.As her friend whod been in a similar situation,I wanted to help.F.Next,slow down and analyse what,precisely,is stressing you out.G.Freedom from the weight of perfection can be creatively liberating.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作

29、者劝解要辞职的朋友,工作中要想快乐,就要少一些担心,不考虑太多,不要太过于追求工作中的完美。1.E文章首段叙述作者的一个朋友准备辞职和辞职的原因,故E项 (作为以前也有过类似处境的朋友,我想帮帮她。)符合语境。2.A下文写到“当我们不能总是达到那些标准时,我们会感到失望和沮丧”。A项(我们为自己设定了很高的标准。)符合行文逻辑。3.B上句表示“在压力很大的时候,减少一点点努力并不意味着你不关心你的工作”,故B项(这意味着你更关心自己。)衔接上文。4.G根据上文中的信息词 perfect以及 perfection可知,G项符合语境。5.F上文介绍了作者的第一条建议,故F项(下一步,放慢速度,分析一下确切来说是什么使你非常紧张。)符合行文逻辑。6