我院新生儿感染常见病原菌及抗菌药物治疗分析.docx
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1、我院新生儿感染常见病原菌及抗菌药物治疗分析 摘要目的 了解并分析我院新生儿细菌培育阳性及药敏试验特点、抗菌药物治疗及转归状况等,为临床诊断、初始治疗、抗菌药物选择供应参考依据。方法 回顾性分析2022年16月于内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院新生儿科出院的36例细菌培育阳性患儿抗感染治疗的临床资料。结果 36例患儿共培育出41株病原菌,以革兰阴性菌为主,其中又以阴沟肠杆菌居多。药敏试验结果显示,G-菌对头孢吡肟、哌拉西林他唑巴坦钠、亚胺培南、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、妥布霉素、呋喃妥因敏感度较高。革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、奎奴普丁、利奈唑烷、呋喃妥因、利福平敏感度高。大部分患儿赐予敏感药物治疗,症状好转或治愈。结
2、论 目前我院新生儿感染仍以G-菌的阴沟肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌居多,应在病原学检查完成前,依据患儿症状、产妇状况及我院细菌耐药监测赐予阅历治疗,在获得药敏报告后,精确评估患儿的用药状况及症状体征,考虑是否换药,赐予精准治疗。 关键词新生儿;感染;药敏试验;抗菌药物 中图分类号 R459.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1674-47314-0153-04 Abstract Objective To understand and analyze the characteristics of neonatal bacterial culture positivity and drug sensitivi
3、ty test, antibacterial drug treatment and prognosis in our hospital, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis, initial treatment and antibacterial selection. Methods The clinical data of anti-infective treatment of 36 cases of bacterial culture-positive children discharged from the neonatol
4、ogy department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 41 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured in 36 children, mainly with Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 61.0%, and most of them
5、were Enterobacter cloacae accounting for 29.3%. The results of drug sensitivity test showed that G-bacteria had higher sensitivity to Cefepime, Piperacillin Tazobactam Sodium, Imipenem, Gentamicin, Amikacin, Tobramycin and Nitrofurantoin. Gram-positive bacteria were in high sensitivity with Vancomyc
6、in, Quinupristin, Linezolid, Nitrofurantoin, and Rifampicin. Most children were treated with sensitive drugs and their symptoms were improved or cured. Conclusion Currently, neonatal infection in our hospital is still dominated by G-bacteria including Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
7、Before the completion of the pathogen examination, empirical treatment should be given based on the symptoms of the children, the maternal condition and the bacterial resistance monitoring in our hospital. After obtaining the drug sensitivity report, precise treatment should be applied after accurat
8、e assessment of the drug use, symptoms and signs of the children with the consideration of drug change. Key words Neonate; Infection; Drug sensitivity test; Antibacterial drugs 新生兒细菌感染发病率高,尤其是早产儿、超早产儿、极低诞生体重儿。在国外,患有败血症、脑膜炎、尿路感染的早产儿比足月儿高310倍,在国内细菌感染的发病率更高,是导致新生儿死亡的重要缘由。常定植在人体内的细菌或在四周环境内的腐生菌,一般对成人无致病性
9、,但均可引起新生儿感染1-3。不同地区、不同感染部位、不同时期病原菌差别很大4。为视察我院新生儿感染的主要病原菌,并有针对性的赐予抗感染治疗,进行该项探讨,以期为指导临床用药供应依据,现报道如下。 1资料与方法 1.1一般资料 2022年16月于内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院新生儿科出院的924例患儿中,细菌培育阳性的新生儿36例,回顾性分析这36例细菌培育阳性患儿抗感染治疗的临床资料。其中,男患儿占58.3%,女占41.7%,男女之比为1.41;早产患儿占44.4%,非早产儿占55.6%;低体重儿占38.9%,巨大儿占2.8%,正常体重患儿占58.3%;内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院院诞生患儿占55.6%,
10、外院诞生占44.4%。本探讨通过医院医学伦理委员会审核批准。 1.2方法 1.2.1视察项目 一般资料:性别、胎龄、体重、诞生地、诊断;协助检查:细菌培育及药物敏感试验结果;抗菌药物的运用状况;疗效:治愈、好转、自动出院、死亡。 1.2.2细菌培育 根据临床微生物学血培育操作规范临床微生物学尿培育操作规范临床微生物学血培育操作规范5-7,严格无菌法采集患儿不同部位培育标本,采纳Phonex微生物鉴定/药物敏感分析系统和鉴定/药物敏感分析板进行细菌鉴定和药物敏感试验。药敏质控菌株为金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923,肺炎克雷伯杆菌ATCC 730603,大肠埃希菌ATCC 25922。药物敏感试
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- 我院 新生儿 感染 常见 病原菌 抗菌 药物 治疗 分析
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