2022初中教案人教版初二（下）英语第18讲：unit9语法篇（解析版）.docx

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1、Unit 9 语法篇_学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。现在完成时(PresentPerfectTense)（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。Itssodark.太黑了。Someonehasturnedoffthelight.有人把灯关上了。（2）表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，since+时间段+ego,sofar等时间状语连用。Eg.Ihavelivedherefortenyears.我已经住在这里10年了。（从10年前开始，持续到现在还住这儿）Eg.Ihave

2、livedheresince2003.自从2003年我就住在这儿。（从2003年开始，持续到现在还住这儿）（3）基本结构及句型转换：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)(当主语是第三人称单数has,其余人称用have。)肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 Ihavefinishedmyhomework.(肯定句)否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 Ihavenotfinishedmyhomework.（否定句）一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven

3、t,（一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答）（4）hasgone(to),hasbeen(to),hasbeen(in)的区别Have/Hasgone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场)Eg.-Whereisyourfather？-HehasgonetoShanghai.Have/Hasbeen(to):去过（已不在去过的地方）Eg.MyfatherhasbeentoShanghai.Have/hasbeenin：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）Eg.MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaifortwomonths.=MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaisincetwomonthsago

4、.（5）现在完成时的标志：常与just,already,yet,ever,never,before,sofar等连用，强调动作的完成，不强调动作的持续。HaveyoueverbeentoJapan?Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.for+时间段；since+过去的时间点；since+段时间ago；since+一般过去时的句子。Theyhaveknowneachotherforfiveyears.Sincehewasachild,hehaslivedinEngland.（6） 动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则变化：1.一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：pickpickedpic

5、ked;wishwishedwished;staystayedstayed2.以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：likelikedliked;hopehopedhoped;phonephonedphoned3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：studystudiedstudied;hurryhurriedhurried;replyrepliedreplied4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstoppedstopped;clapclappedclapped不规则变化：5. 以不变应万变。如：letletlet;putputp

6、ut;readreadread6.若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。如：feelfeltfelt;keepkeptkept;sleepsleptslept7.结尾的字母d变t。如：lendlentlent;buildbuiltbuilt;sendsentsent8.变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如：buyboughtbought;bringbroughtbrought;catchcaughtcaught;teachtaughttaught1 Have you ever _ to a zoo? Yes, but only once. I visited Beijing Zoo

7、 last year.A. gone B. been C. visited D. seen解析：因为回答是去过一次，故应该问去过几次，用搭配have been to, 故选B。2They _ to Tibet many times. A. are B. were C. have been D. had been解析：因为后面是many times，用搭配have been to, 故选C。3. Neither my sister nor I been to America before. A. have everB. have neverC. has everD. has never解析：题意

8、为我和我姐姐以前都没去过美国，因为前面已经有neither。nor，同时因为其就近原则，故选B。4. - 我从来没有去过新图书馆。- 我也没有。- I have to the new library.- I.解析：从没去过应为have never been to, 我也没有的的回答应为neither have I.5. 以前我从来没读过这么好笑的故事。I never a funny story like this.解析：因为此题的标志词为never，故为现在完成时，故答案为：I have never read基础演练一、单项选择 1. You dont need to describe her

9、. I her several times. A. meetB. will meetC. have metD. met 2. - Look! Somebody the sofa.- Well, it wasnt me. I didnt do it. A. is cleaningB. was cleaningC. has cleanedD. had cleaned 3. - Hello! This is Henry Speaking. Id like to speak to your father.- Sorry, he has Shanghai. A. been inB. been toC.

10、gone toD. come to 4. - Have you ever been anywhere for a trip?- A trip? I away from my hometown even once. A. wentB. have gone C. have beenD. have never been 5. - you ever read English newspapers?- No, I . A. Do; doB. Do; haveC. Have; haveD. Have; havent 6. - Is this your first time to Xinjiang?- No

11、, I here several times. A. have goneB. havent goneC. have beenD. havent been 7. - How well do you know the Opera House?- I know the place very well. I Sydney many times. A. have been inB. have been to C. have gone toD. have arrived in 8. - I cant find my watch. you it anywhere, Mum?- No, never. Look

12、! Whats that under your book? A. Have; seenB. Had; seenC. Do; seeD. Did; see 9. Tom hasnt been to Italy , but he has been to America. He returned from New York City. A. already; yet; justB. yet; already; just C. already; never; justD. yet; already; never10. - Where is Frank?- He the post office. A.

13、has gone toB. has been toC. has goneD. has been二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子) 11. 你去过北京香山吗？ you to Mount Xiang in Beijing?12. 我已经把它写在这张纸上了。Ive it on this piece of paper already.13. 我听说你父母到北京出差去了?I hear your parents Beijing .14. - 你去过说英语的国家吗?- 没有去过。- you ever English-speaking countries?- No, I .15. 他去了上海一个星期了, 下周就

14、回来。He Shanghai for a week and he will be back next week.答案一、单项选择 1. C 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. B10. A二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)11. Have, ever been12. written, down13. have gone to ; on business14. Have; been to; havent15. has been in 巩固提高1. 我已经参观过很多博物馆。I many museums.2. - 你学过德语吗？ - 是的。- you ever

15、German? - Yes, I have.3. She has ever been to India. (改为一般疑问句) she ever to India?4. It is best to visit Singapore in autumn. (改为同义句)The best season Singapore is autumn.5. I have already had some plans. (改为否定句)I had plans .6. Shes never visited the science museum. (改为反义疑问句)Shes never visited the scie

16、nce museum, ?1. have already visited2. Have, learned/studied3. Has, been4. to visit5. havent, any, yet6. has she一、单项选择 1. Lucy to Beijing three times. A. has goneB. have beenC. has beenD. went 2. - I have read the story.- When you read it? A. willB. didC. haveD. had 3. - Where is Mr. Black?- He to E

17、ngland for a meeting. A. has beenB. had beenC. wentD. has gone 4. - he ever to Beijing?- Yes, he there last year. A. Has; been; goesB. Did; go; has gone C. Has; been; wentD. Will; go; has been 5. - they ever there?- No, never. A. Have; beenB. Have; wereC. Have; beingD. Has; been二、按要求转换句型6. Ive been

18、there twice. (改为一般疑问句) you there twice?7. Has she ever been to the space museum? (作否定回答) , she .8. They have been to France. (改为否定句)They to France.9. - ? (根据答语写出问句)- No, Ive never been to America.10. Hello! May I speak to Jim? (用Shanghai作出回答)Sorry, he isnt in. .三、完形填空 There are two greatest cities i

19、n the world. One is Beijing, 11 is Paris. Have you ever been to Beijing, the capital of China? The Greens 12 to Beijing many times. Last summer vacation, they 13 there again. They enjoyed 14 there. Theyve 15 many great places. During the first two days, they went to Tiananmen Square. It is very larg

20、e and there are many people 16 photos there. Next, they went to Beihai Park. They went 17 there and had a boat race with other visitors. They had a great time there. The Great Wall is one of the 18 places of 19 in the world. They climbed the Great Wall for the whole day. There were so many people on

21、 the Great Wall. The Greens were so excited 20 they took lots of pictures there. For the last two days, they went to the Summer Palace. How beautiful Beijing is! They will come back to Beijing again next summer!11.A. otherB. anotherC. the otherD. others12.A. has goneB. has beenC. have goneD. have be

22、en13.A. will goB. wentC. have goneD. are going14.A. themB. oneselfC. themselvesD. himself15.A. visitsB. visitedC. visitingD. visit16.A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. took17.A. boatB. boatingC. to boatingD. to boat18.A. more famousB. famous C. most famousD. the most famous19.A. interestB. interestsC. int

23、erestingD. interested20.A. thatB. enoughC. thisD. it四、阅读理解 When you visit Taiwan, Green Island is a wonderful place not to be missed. Green Island, with clear blue water around it, is an island in the Pacific Ocean, 33 kilometers east of Taitung. The old name for Green Island was Huoshandao, meaning

24、 fire-burning island. The island got its name because people on the island used to set up fires at night to help people who went fishing home. Another story goes that in the Qing Dynasty there was a fire and most of the islands trees and grass died. The coastline(海岸) of the island is only 20 kilomet

25、ers long, the tallest mountain is only 281 meters high and the island is only 15 km, but it is attracting(吸引) a growing number of tourists. Green Island has a lot of interesting that makes it a place where people like to go: seaside, a clear white beach, green grasslands, seawater, hot springs, beau

26、tiful undersea sights, and a great many plants and animals. Another thing of Green Island that people are interested in is its rocks in different shapes. Sleeping Beauty and Pekinese Dog are the two most strangely shaped ones. There are also other interests with one cannot miss. The green hills, blu

27、e sea, clear sky, and ocean gentle winds make a must for you.21. From the article we know Green Island is . A. very largeB. 281 meters long C. in the Indian OceanD. 33 kilometers from Tai tung22. According to the two stories, people on the Green Island used to . A. meet a lot of visitors B. set fire

28、 to get warm C. make a living by fishing D. cut down too many trees and grass23. The sight Pekinese Dog is on Green Island. A. a cute living dogB. a rock like a dog C. a dog-shaped plantD. a dog of Sleeping Beauty24. The last passage is mainly about the of Green Island. A. sightsB. historyC. peopleD

29、. culture答案一、单项选择 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A二、按要求转换句型6. Have,been7. No,hasnt8. havent been9. Have you (ever) been to America10. He has gone to Shanghai三、完形填空11. C12. D13. B14. C15. B16. C17. B18. C19. A20. A四、阅读理解21. D22. C23. B24. A_北京四中初二下期中考试A A new planet more like Earth was discovered and regarde

30、d as a likely future home for human. The planet contains both land and water with average temperatures around 22. It is 600 light years from Earth. There are 290 days a year on the planet. A French company wants to change the Eiffel Tower into a very tall and growing Christmas tree made of 600,000 p

31、lants. The Eiffel Tower is decorated(装饰) with 10,000 light bulbs and attracts(吸引) 7 million visitors a year. Wow, what a night! The evening got off to a fun start with Steven Hall. Ronan Parke took on Kelly Clarksons Because of You. Jai McDowall finally won because of his wonderful performance.36. T

32、he new planet . A. might have 365 days a year B. has no water C. might be a future home for human D. has bad weather37. will make the Eiffel Tower become a big tree. A. 1000 light bulbsB. 600,000 plants C. 600 light yearsD. 7 million visitors38. was the winner of Britains Got Talent 2011. A. Steven

33、HallB. Ronan Parke C. Kelly ClarksonD. Jai McDowallB When I was 14, I left school with learning disabilities and decided to surf the biggest waves in the world, first in California and then in Hawaii. One morning, I met an old man, a bum(流浪汉), on the street corner. He asked me if I was running away

34、from home. I told him, Not exactly, sir. After talking a while, he told me that he had something to show me and share with me. We walked several blocks until we came upon the downtown Public Library. The bum asked me to sit down and wait for a moment. Later he returned with some books, and then said

35、, I want to teach you two things. Number one is never to judge a book by its cover. for a cover fools you. Ill bet you think Im a bum, dont you? I said, I guess so, sir. Well, young man, Ive got a little surprise for you. I am one of the wealthiest men in the world. But a year ago, my wife passed aw

36、ay. I realized there were certain things I had not yet experienced in life, one of which was what it would be like to live like a bum on the streets. For the past year I have been going from city to city doing just that. Number two is to learn how to read, for there is only one thing that people can

37、t take away from you, and that is your wisdom. At that moment, he gave me the books hed pulled from the shelves. His parting request was for me to never forget what he taught me. I have remembered until today.39. The boy when he was 14. A. liked runningB. left school C. did well in studyD. traveled around the world40. Which of the following is true? A. The old man took the boy home B. The old man was homeless and poor C. The old man was friendly to the boy D. The old man and his wife went from city to city41. The old man taught the boy how to . A. love peopleB.