高二英语-知识讲解 Unit 5 Cloning语言点.doc

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1、Unit 5 Cloning 语言点编稿：王春霞 审稿：陈玉莲 学习目标重点词汇wrinkle, incredible, chase, disgust, terrify, identical, accompany, resist, arise, beneficial重点短语throw oneself on / into, again and again, on the contrary, as follows, knock out, bring back to life 重点句型The reason why is thatI wish知识讲解重点词汇wrinkle【原句回放】But these

2、 things contrasted horribly with his yellow eyes, his wrinkled yellow skin and black lips. 但是这些东西与他的黄色的眼睛、褶皱的黄皮肤和黑色的嘴唇构成了可怕的对比。【点拨】wrinkle vi. (使某物)形成皱纹或皱褶；n. (皮肤上的)皱纹(尤指老人脸上的)The paper has wrinkled where it got wet.这张纸湿的地方起皱褶了。Shes beginning to get wrinkles around her eyes.她眼睛周围开始出现皱纹了。【拓展】wrinkled

3、 adj. 有皱纹的incredible【原句回放】That the scientist cloned a monster is incredible. 真是匪夷所思，那位科学家竟然克隆了一个怪物！【点拨】incredible adj. 不能相信的，难以置信的，极好的，极大的It seemed incredible that he had been there for a week.真令人难以置信，他已经在那儿待了一个星期了。The wildflowers will be incredible after this rain.这场雨过后，野花会变得美不胜收。The number is incr

4、edible large.这个数目相当大。【拓展】incredibly adv. 不可思议地，惊人地Incredibly, some people dont like the name.不可思议的是，有些人不喜欢这个名字。It was incredibly hard work.那是个极其艰苦的工作。chase【原句回放】The scientist chases the creature to the Arctic in order to destroy him 为了除掉怪物，那位科学家追赶他到了北极【点拨】chase vt. 追捕，追逐；试图赢得；n. 追捕；打猎常用结构：chase abou

5、t / around 到处飞奔 chase after 追捕；追求某人chase away 赶走 chase down 努力寻找chase out of 将从赶出去 abandon a chase 放弃追捕chase for vanity 追求虚荣My dog likes chasing rabbits.我的狗喜欢追捕兔子。There are too many schools chasing too few pupils.太多的学校在争夺太少的生源。Do you like riding in the chase?你喜欢骑马打猎吗?The chase is always much more ex

6、citing than the conquest anyway.不管怎么说，追求的过程总比得手更为刺激。They took an invincible lead in the chase for the championship.他们在冠军争夺赛中居于不可动摇的领先地位。disgust 【原句回放】But now I had finished，the beauty of the dream vanished，and horror and disgust filled my heart. 现在我已经完成了创作，但梦想中的美丽已荡然无存，恐怖和厌恶充斥着我的心灵。【点拨】disgust v. 使觉

7、得恶心；使厌烦；n. 厌恶，恶心Your rude behaviour disgusted me. 你粗鲁的行为使我厌恶。The food at the hotel filled him with disgust.旅馆里的食物令他厌恶。【拓展】含有disgust的短语： disgust at / for / with 对厌恶 in disgust 厌恶地be disgusted at 厌恶to ones disgust 使某人厌恶的是terrify 【原句回放】terrifies anyone who sees him. 使每一个见到他的人都感到害怕。【点拨】terrify v. 使惊恐，使受

8、惊吓常用搭配：terrify sb. into doing sth. 威胁某人做某事be terrified out of ones wits 吓得魂不附体be terrified at / with 因吓了一跳be terrified of 恐惧，害怕Flying terrifies him.坐飞机让他害怕得要命。He was terrified of heights.他恐高。identical 【原句回放】In what way are Sheep A and Sheep B identical? 绵羊A和绵羊B在哪方面完全相同?【点拨】identical adj. 完全相同的，同一的；n

9、. 完全相同的事物；同卵双胞胎identical to / with 与完全相同的Their jackets are identical.他们的短上衣完全一样。Do you know they are identical twins? 你知道他们是同卵双胞胎吗?【拓展】identically adv. 相同地；identity n. 身份；identify v. 确认accompany 【原句回放】Accompanied by Hammonds two grandchildren, they are sent 在哈蒙德的两个孙子的陪同下，他们被送到【点拨】accompany vt. 陪伴，陪同

10、；伴随，和一起，为伴奏(或伴唱)常用结构：accompany sb. on / at the +乐器 用乐器为某人伴奏accompany sb. to 陪某人去某地（to为介词）accompany sb. home 陪某人回家My friend accompanied me to many scenic spots in London我的朋友陪伴我去了伦敦的许多优美景点。温馨提示：不说accompany sb. to do sth.He accompanied her to go to the seaside（误）He accompanied her to the seaside（正）他陪她去

11、海滨。She accompanied him for the whole night（误）She kept him company for the whole night（正）她陪了他一整夜。【拓展】同义表达：表示“陪伴，陪同”=attend，escort；表示“伴随，和一起”=go withresist 【原句回放】The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist tha

12、t disease to the next generation. 其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。【点拨】resist v. 抵抗，对抗常用搭配：resist doing sth. 忍住/抵制做某事She resisted being carried off. 她拒绝被带走。A balanced diet will increase your ability to resist infection. 饮食均衡会增强你抗感染的能力。I couldnt resist telling him the secret.

13、我克制不住只得把秘密告诉了他。【拓展】resistance n. 抵制，抗拒；resistant adj. 有抵抗力的；irresistible adj. 无法抗拒的arise 【原句回放】Many questions also arise in the cloning of dinosaurs. 在克隆恐龙的过程中，也会产生很多问题。【点拨】arise vi. 产生，出现，发生；(from)(由)引起，(由)产生，起源于；起身，起床常用结构：arise from 由引起，起源于Accidents arise from carelessness(=Carelessness gives rise

14、 to accidents)事故由疏忽引起。New difficulties are constantly arising as we do the work我们从事这项工作时，新的困难正不断出现。【拓展】同义词：表示“出现，发生”时 =occur，emerge；表示“(由)引起，(由)产生，起源于”= originate，derive beneficial 【原句回放】Do you think cloning may be beneficial / helpful to humans? 你认为克隆对人类来说是有益还是有害呢？【点拨】beneficial adj. 有益处的，有帮助的Fresh

15、 air and good food are beneficial to the health.新鲜空气和优质食物有益于健康。Vitamins are beneficial to our health.维生素对我们的健康有益。【拓展】benefit v. 有益于；n. 好处，益处常用结构：benefit sb. / sth. 对有利benefit from 从中受益be of benefit to sb. 对某人有益for the benefit of 为了的利益The rain will benefit the crops这场雨对庄稼有利。He will benefit from the n

16、ew way of doing business他将从新的经营方式中获益。重点短语throw oneself on/ into 【原句回放】At last I threw myself on the bed in my clothes，trying to find a few moments of sleep最后我和衣倒在床上，试图睡一会儿。【点拨】throw oneself on/ into 扑倒在上面；投身于She threw herself into a modelling career.她投身于模特事业。She threatened to throw herself in front

17、of a train.她威胁要卧轨。【拓展】含有throw的短语： throw about 抛撒，浪费(金钱)；挥动(手腕)throw away 抛弃；(把机会等)丢掉，白费(金钱)throw back 把返回，后退；拖延throw by 扔掉(无用之物)，扔在一边throw doubt on 对产生怀疑throw down 扔掉，扯下，使倒下throw in 插进(话语)，额外赠送throw off 匆匆脱掉衣服；扔掉，摆脱掉throw oneself down 全身伸展地躺下throw oneself into 投身于，热衷于throw ones way 向前推进throw out 伸(四

18、肢)，抛出，轰走，发出(气味)throw together 使人偶然相遇；匆匆搜集throw a party 举办聚会again and again 【原句回放】Again and again I thought 我不断地想【点拨】again and again 再三地反复地He asked the question again and again他反复地问这个问题。now and again 不时地We hear from her now and again我们时不时地收到她的来信。He read her letter over and over again他一再地读她的信。【拓展】同义表达

19、：once againonce more 再一次 over and over againtime and time again 一再on the contrary 【原句回放】On the contrary, it is very ugly. 相反的是，它非常丑陋。【点拨】on the contrary与此相反，恰恰相反It doesnt seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think its rather beautiful.我觉得它并不丑，恰恰相反，它挺美。He is not poor; on the contrary, he is a milliona

20、ire.他不穷，相反，他是个百万富翁。【拓展】contrary adj. 相反的，相对立的；n. 相反，对立面Hot and cold are contrary热和冷是相对立的。My sisters taste in dresses is contrary to my own在服装方面的品味，我妹妹和我完全不同。温馨提示：注意区别：contrary和opposite，contrary指“对立的”，常有对抗的含义，强调冲突；opposite指“对面的”，表示处于相对的位置，不一定有对抗的含义，强调分离。as follows 【原句回放】Write your paragraph as follow

21、s. 按如下要求写作。【点拨】as follows表示“如下”，在句中可作表语或状语。The rule is as follows规则如下。He received a note which ran as follows.他收到一封短信，内容如下。【拓展】含有follow的短语：the following 以下的，下面的follow suit 照着做，仿照别人去做follow ones lead / example 仿效别人的做法follow ones nose 一直往前走follow in ones footsteps 走的道路，照的样子做knock out【原句回放】But a tropic

22、al storm hits the island，knocking out the power supply 但是一场热带风暴袭击了这个岛，摧毁了电力供应【点拨】knock out 摧毁，击败；使昏睡The news knocked her out这个消息把她击垮了。The three drinks knocked him out.3杯酒就让他昏昏入睡了。【拓展】含有knock的短语：knock at 敲（门）knock down 把击倒、打倒、降低knock into 撞在某人身上，与不期而遇；强制地灌输，用武力使明白knock off 把撞下来，撞倒；停止knock.out of 把从中敲

23、出来，把淘汰出knock over 撞翻knock about 漂泊；漫游；虐待bring back to life 【原句回放】From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning. 不时地会有人提议，克隆技术将有可能使地球上已经消失的动物（如恐龙）复活。【点拨】bring back to life 使更有趣，使更生动，使恢复生机；使复活，苏醒Flowers can bring a dull room

24、back to life. 鲜花可以使沉闷的房间恢复生机。The doctor tried his best to bring her back to life. 那位医生尽最大努力把她救活了。【拓展】含bring的短语：bring about 导致，引起bring back 把带回来，使恢复（健康）bring down 打倒，降低，减少bring forward 提出，提议，把提前bring in 收获，收进（农作物）；挣得，赚入bring up 养育，抚养重点句型The reason why is that【原句回放】The only reason why scientists have

25、not created thousands of identical clones is that they have not yet learnt how to do this. 科学家们之所以还没有创造出成千上万的同样的克隆体的唯一原因是因为他们还没有学会如何那样做。【点拨】The reason why is that 的原因是（why引导的是定语从句；that引导的是表语从句）The reason why Brave New World is still so famous is that it describes a terrifying future world that is be

26、coming more and more possible. 勇敢的新世界之所以依然著名是因为它描写了一个可怕的未来世界，而这个世界正变得越来越有可能。A fourth reason for cloning is that some scientists and farmers think it would be handy克隆的第四个原因是一些科学家和农民认为它很有用I wish【原句回放】I wish I had not done this terrible thing. 我真希望我没有做过这种可怕的事情。【点拨】I wish 我希望（虚拟语气）wish表示“愿望”，其虚拟语气是通过宾语从

27、句的谓语动词的变化实现的。wish现在时did（be动词用were）希望“同步”发生某事过去时had + done希望“之前”发生某事将来时+ docould would 希望“之后”发生某事(1) I wish I were ten years younger. 我希望我能够年轻十岁。I wish I knew how to drive a car. 真希望我会开车。(2) I wish I had gone to the football match last night. 我希望昨晚我去看足球比赛了。(3) He wishes you would go and visit him. 他希

28、望你会来看他。I wish the boys could be quiet. 我希望男孩们能保持安静。注意：从句谓语动词的变化不受wish的时态的影响，无论wish还是wished，我们只需判断从句谓语动作是和wish同步发生，还是在wish前，还是在wish后发生的，就可以了。不要受前面这个词的变形影响。试一试： 1) I wish I _a bird. (be)2) I wish/ wished I _ (not eat) so much watermelon. 3) The party was terrible, I wish I _ (never go) to it.4) I wish it _ (rain) tomorrow.答案与解析：1) were。现在的愿望，即与wish同步的愿望，用were，不用was。2) hadnt eaten。说话人吃西瓜吃得肚子都大了，所以一定希望以前没有吃这么多西瓜，用hadnt eaten。3) had never gone。从前句“晚会太糟糕了”可知，已经去过晚会了，是希望以前没去参加，所以用had never gone。注意never是副词，一般放在助动词后，一般动词前。4) would rain。希望明天下雨，用would rain。