高二英语-知识讲解 Unit1 Deep South 语言点.doc

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1、Unit 1 Deep South 语言点编稿：王春霞 审稿：陈玉莲学习目标重点词汇trap, balance, promote, depth, rivalry, state, range, imagine, adapt重点短语discourage from, set foot on/ in, in case of, in the form of, come into sight重点句型two kilometers thick表达法知识讲解重点词汇trap【原句回放】Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the

2、ice, can tell us a lot about what the worlds climate was like in past ages. 以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。 【点拨】trap v. 储存；使陷入困境，诱骗；n. 陷阱；圈套be trapped in. 被困在trap sb. into (doing) sth. 使某人上当，使中计set/ lay a trap 布好陷阱be caught in a trap of. 陷入的困境；中圈套The manager was trapped into signing on th

3、e contract. 经理被诱骗在合同上签了字。They were trapped in the burning hotel. 他们被困在发生火灾的宾馆里。He trapped me into admitting I had done it.他诱骗我承认事情是我干的。balance【原句回放】But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which balanced the land in the north. 但是，在

4、2000多年前，古希腊的地理学家就认为地球南边会存在一个大陆块与北边的陆地保持平衡。 【点拨】balance v. （使）平衡；权衡；n. 平衡；秤常用搭配：balance the advantages against the disadvantages 权衡得失keep (ones) balance 保持平衡lose (ones) balance 失去平衡He balanced a football on his head.他将一只足球稳稳地顶在头上。The medicines you are currently taking could be affecting your balance.

5、你现在服用的药物可能会影响身体的平衡能力。Balance spicy dishes with mild ones.做到辛辣菜和清淡菜比重相当。The state has got to find some way to balance these two needs.国家必须找出平衡这两种需求的办法。Supply and demand on the currency market will generally balance.货币市场上的供求将大致持平。Their marriage is a delicate balance between traditional and contemporar

6、y values.他们的婚姻在传统和现代价值观之间保持着微妙平衡。There was no other way to ensure that people would get the right balance of foods.没有其他方法可以确保人们饮食均衡。promote【原句回放】In particular, it aims to keep Antarctica free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste, to promote international scientific projects . 该条约尤其致力于保护南极洲不受核试验和

7、放射性废物的污染，推进国际科研项目【点拨】promote v. 促进，增进；宣传，推广；晋升，提升常用搭配：promote sb. to. 提升某人为be promoted to. 被提升为promote development 促进发展You dont have to sacrifice environmental protection to promote economic growth.不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。In many ways, our society actively promotes alcoholism.我们的社会从多个方面助长了酗酒的风气。Paul Welle

8、r has announced a full British tour to promote his second solo album.保罗韦勒已经宣布到英国巡演，以推广他的第二张专辑。I was promoted to editor and then editorial director.我先是被提升为编辑，然后又晋升为编辑总监。In fact, those people have been promoted.事实上，那些人已经升职了。【拓展】promotion n. 提升，晋升常用搭配：get promotion 得到晋升The government has pledged to giv

9、e the promotion of democracy higher priority.政府已经保证把促进民主摆在更重要的位置。depth【原句回放】On average it is two kilometers thick, but in some places it reaches a depth of five kilometers. （南极洲）冰层平均厚度为2，000米，但某些地方厚度可以达到5，000米。【点拨】depth n. 深度 常用搭配：in depth 广泛地；深入地We should discuss the problems in depth.我们应该深入地讨论这些问题

10、。How do I love you? Let me count the ways. I love you to the depth and breadth and height my soul can reach.问我爱你有多深？让我告诉你：我的爱如天高，如地广，如海深。【拓展】deep adj. 深的；adv. 深深地；deeply adv. 深深地 They talked deep into the night.他们谈到深夜。I was deeply moved by the story he made up.我被他编的故事深深感动了。rivalry【原句回放】A spirit of i

11、nternational friendship has replaced the rivalry that existed between many of the earlier explorers. 一种国际友谊已经代替了早期探险家之间的互相竞争。【点拨】rivalry n. （不断的）竞争，对抗，对立 He had a lot of rivalry with his brothers and sisters.他和兄弟姐妹间经常较劲。This is a city torn by deep ethnic rivalries.这是一个被深厚的种族仇恨弄得四分五裂的城市。【拓展】rival n.

12、竞争者；v. 与竞争，与匹敌None of us can rival him in strength.我们当中没有人力气比他大。He is my fathers rival in trade. 他是我父亲商场上的对手。state【原句回放】Most of its fresh water (70%) is in a frozen state. 大部分淡水（70%）处于一种冰冻状态。【点拨】state n. 状态、状况常用搭配：in a frozen state 处于一种冰冻状态 in a good / bad state 情况好/糟 in a state / in a state of 处于状态

13、For the first few months after Daniel died, I was in a state of clinical depression.丹尼尔去世后的最初几个月里，我一直处于临床抑郁症的状态。When we moved here, the walls and ceiling were in an awful state.我们刚搬到这里时，墙和房顶都破旧不堪。Look at the state of my car!看看我的车都成什么样子了！The vice president is in a state of poor health.副总统健康状况不佳。【拓展】辨

14、析：conditionstatesituation condition表示人或事物由于受周围环境或其它因素的影响而导致的目前的“情况，状态”。state指人或物在外观、心灵、健康等方面的自然“状态，情况”；常与不定冠词连用，只有单数形式，若说明某一状态，常与in连用。situation较狭义地指由环境综合决定的特定时间上的状态或情形。The condition of man is a condition of war of everyone against everyone. 人类的状态是人与人对抗的战争状态。I was in a terrible state because nobody c

15、ould understand why I had this illness.我极度焦虑不安，因为谁也不知道为什么我会得这个病。Army officers said the situation was under control.陆军军官称局面已经得到了控制。range【原句回放】A high mountain range，the Trans-Antarctic range，runs from east to west，cutting the continent in two条高耸入云的山脉贯穿南极洲，从东到西把南极洲一分为二。【点拨】range n. 山脉；(变化等的)幅度；(知识等的)范围

16、；区域；射程：一系列常用搭配： a wide range of 各种各样的beyondout ofoutside ones range 超出范围射程within the range of 在范围射程内The issues fall outside the range of the enquiry这些问题不在调查范围之内。We have students from a wide range of backgrounds我们的学生来自各种不同的背景。imagine【原句回放】It is difficult to imagine a more inhospitable place很难想象还有(比南极

17、洲)更不适合居住的地方了。【点拨】imagine v. 想象、设想、猜想常用搭配：imagine sth. / doing sth. 想象（做）某事Try to imagine that you are a tourist arriving in London for the first time试着想象自己是第一次来伦敦的游客。I can imagine what the place is going to look like in a few years time我能想象出这个地方几年之后会变成什么样子。【拓展】imagination n. 想象力；imaginative adj. 富有想

18、象力的；imaginary adj. 假象的，虚构的；imaginable adj. 可想象的，想得到的adapt【原句回放】Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife，which has adapted to its extreme conditions但南极洲有许多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的环境。【点拨】adapt v. 适应常用搭配：adapt to 适应，遵循The children find it hard to adapt to their new school孩子们发觉很难适应新学校。【拓展】辨析：adaptadoptadjustadopt意

19、为“采纳，采用；收养，领养”等。adapt和adjust都有“适应”之意。adapt是指某物或某人稍微做一些改变，以适应新的需要；adjust是指借用正当的判断或熟练的技术使两者相配合。The orphan was adopted by the kind couple when he was four这个孤儿在四岁时，被这对好心的夫妇收养了。She adapted the novel for movies她把小说改编为电影。She must learn to adjust herself to countryside life她必须学会适应乡村的生活。重点短语discourage from【原

20、句回放】We discourage you from smoking except in specific areas. 除了在特定区域，我们阻止你们抽烟。【点拨】discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事We discouraged him from giving up the job.我们劝他不要放弃那份工作。 【拓展1】discourage v. 使泄气；discouraging adj. 令人沮丧的；discouraged n. 沮丧的；discouragement n. 沮丧，使人泄气的事物Despite all these discourageme

21、nts, she refused to give up.她尽管遇到许多挫折，却仍然不气馁。Learners can feel very discouraged if an exercise is too difficult. 如果练习太难，学习者就可能感到太没信心了。The test results are very discouraging.测试结果让人很沮丧。【拓展2】类似表达法： stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事prevent sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事en

22、courage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事set foot on/ in【原句回放】Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland. 后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。【点拨】set foot on/ in 踏上；进入；到达Dont ever set foot in this house again! 永远别再进这个门!After an 8-hour f

23、light, we finally set foot on Chinese soil. 经过8个小时的飞行，我们终于踏上了中国国土。【拓展】含有set的其他短语：set out/ forth 动身，出发set off 出发，动身；使爆炸set up 竖起；安装；建起be set in. 以为背景in case of【原句回放】Medical assistance is available in case of an emergency. 如有紧急情况，会有医疗援助。【点拨】in case of 如果、万一In case of flood，the dam can protect us如果发洪水，

24、大坝可以保护我们。【拓展】含有case的其他短语：in case 以防，万一in no case 决不in the case of 至于；在情况下in any case 无论如何in this/ that case 如果是这样/那样温馨提示：in case表示“万一”，可单独使用，也可引导从句（有时用虚拟语气）；后跟表示将来的从句，从句不用将来时态，用一般现在时表将来，但可用should, might等情态动词。in no case表示“决不”，置于句首时，句子采用部分倒装语序。in the form of【原句回放】Gases and minerals, in the form of vol

25、canic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the worlds climate was like in past ages. 这些以火山灰形式封冻冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。【点拨】in the form of 以形式、呈形状 The main staircase was in the form of a big “S”.主楼梯呈S形。People are bombarded with information in the form of magazines and TV adve

26、rtising.信息以杂志和电视广告的形式向人们连续轰炸。【拓展】in+ n. + of 短语：in terms of 按照；从方面来说；in case of 以防；in view of 鉴于；考虑到in need of 需要in search of 寻找in charge of 负责in honor of 为了纪念in favor of 赞成；支持in spite of 不管；尽管in place of 代替in memory of 纪念in possession of 占有in face of 面临in control of 控制；管理；掌握in praise of 赞扬 in rewar

27、d of 酬答in the hope of 怀着的希望 in the direction of 朝的方向come into sight 【原句回放】But when land came into sight，the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up. 但当人们看到陆地的时候，“耐力”号却陷在冰块里并开始破裂。【点拨】come into sight 进入视野，被发现，被看到Soon the truck comes into sight around a bend and on an upgrade不一会卡车就出现在

28、一个拐弯和上坡处。After about half an hour the car carrying a famous star came into our sight大约半小时后，我们就看到了明星所乘坐的汽车。【拓展】含有sight的其他短语：at first sight 乍一看，初看起来at (the) sight of 一见到inout of sight 在视野之内外in the sight of sb. 在某人看来catch sight of 发现，突然看到lose sight 看不见重点句型two kilometers thick【原句回放】On average it is two

29、kilometers thick, but in some places it reaches a depth of five kilometers. (南极洲)冰层平均厚度为2，000米，但某些地方厚度可以达到5，000米。【点拨】two kilometers thick，形容词thick 增加了修饰成分 two kilometers。The rope is two meters long. 这根绳子两米长。The well is 12 meters deep. 那口井12米深。温馨提示：It is a 12-meter-long rope.这是一条12米长的绳子。The 12-meter-deep well is the deepest one in our village.那口12米深的井是我们村子里最深的井。