2022初中教案外研版初二（下）英语第5讲：unit 3 词汇篇（解析版）.docx

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1、Unit3 词汇篇 _1.熟练掌握重点单词、词组的用法2.理解并运用关于太空探索的话题1. up to:忙于 What are you up to? = What are you doing ? 2. the latest news: 最新的消息3. discover: 发现本已存在的客观事物、科学上的新发现。 Columbus discovered America. 哥伦布发现了美洲。4. 1) no one = nobody 没有人, 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，只指人，不能指物。 No one likes this kind of book. 2) None: 可以接of短语，既可以指

2、人也可以指物。 None of the coats is red.5. in order to do sth.:为了做某事，表目的，位于句首或句中，可与so as to do sth.相互转换。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. = In order to catch the first bus, he got up early.6. finish及物动词，意为“完成”。finish doing sth.意为“做完某事”7. billions of意为“数以十亿记的；大量的” 基数词+hundred/thousand/millio

3、n/billion+可数名词复数，表示具体数目 hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of+可数名词复数，表示约数，意为数百/数千/数百万/数十亿8. impossible:形容词，不可能的。反义词possible:可能的。 it is impossible for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是不可能的。9. adj. / adv. + enough to do sth.:意为“足够可以做某事” enough作形容词修饰名词时，可以放在名词前，也可以放在名词后；enough作副词修饰形容词、副词或动词时，要放在修饰的词之后。10. al

4、one: adj. 独自的、单独的 adv. 单独地、独自地 lonely: adj. 孤独的、寂寞的 He lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.11. communicate with sb.: 与某人交流 n. communication交流 We need to communicate with our parents at home.12. just: 刚刚，用于现在完成时，位于助动词后，实义动词前。 just now = a moment ago 刚才，常与一般过去时连用，位于句末。 I saw an old friend just now.

5、单项选择1.（2014山东聊城东昌府期中）-.-Im writing a novel.A. What do you want?B. How do you do?C. How are you?D. What are you up to?2.（2014湖北荆州中考）-Do you have the news about Anna?-I was told she had gone abroad on June 15th, but I dont know whether she is there now.A. latestB. funniestC. longestD. worst3.（2015天津中考

6、）Basketball is so exciting that people play it for fun.A. millionB. two millionsC. million ofD. millions of4.（2014广东中考）In order for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.A. not to be lateB. not being lateC. to be lateD. being late5.（四川南充中考）-Math is too difficult, I nearl

7、y give it up. -Please dont, nothing is if you put your heart into it.A. importantB. impossibleC. interesting6.（2014新疆乌鲁木齐中考）-Can you understand me, Tony?-Yes, madam. You speak . I can follow you.A. enough clearB. clear enoughC. enough clearlyD. clearly enough7.（新疆乌鲁木齐中考）Why not your teacher for help

8、 when you cant finish story by yourself?A. to ask, writeB. to ask, writingC. ask, writingD. asking, to write解析及答案：1. 结合答语“我正在写小说”可知，所缺的问句是D，该句句意为：你正在干什么，故选D。2. 答语中提到“有人告诉我她6月15日出国了，但我不知道她现在是否还在那里”，可知问句问的是“你知道关于Anna的最新消息吗”，故选A。3. 句意：篮球是如此令人兴奋，以至于数以百万计的人都打篮球取乐。millions of是固定搭配，表示“数以百万计的”，故选D。4. 句意：为了开

9、会不迟到，我的姐姐今天早上迫使自己早起床。in order to do sth.的否定形式为：in order not to do sth.，可知答案为A。5. 由上句“数学太难了，我几乎放弃了”可知，下句意为“请别放弃，如果你全心全意去做，没有事情是不可能的”，important重要的；impossible不可能的；interesting有趣的。故选B。6. enough修饰形容词或副词时应后置，排除A、C两项；分析题干可知，此处修饰动词speak，应用副词形式，故选D。7. 固定搭配法。Why not do sth.意为“为什么不做某事呢？”，finish后接动词-ing形式，不能接动词不

10、定式，可知答案为C。基础演练一、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)1. The maths problem is too difficult. (没有) of us can work it out in our class.2. It is (不可能的) for us to finish the work in such a short time.3. I havent (发现) who broke the glass.4. Some (宇航员) have reached the moon.5. Have you got the (最新的) news about the drinking and

11、 driving in Beijing?6. I havent received many letters (最近).7. How can I get the (信息) on space travel?答案：1. None2. impossible3. discovered4. astronauts5. latest6. recently7. information二、单词拼写(单句首字母填空) 1. None of them has an e with air, so people and things cant grow.2. The earth is a p .3. They are a

12、 long way away and their light has travelled for many years to r us.4. We all live in the u .5. Why has no one c with us?答案：1. environment2. planet3. reach4. universe5. communicated巩固提高三、按要求转换句型1. The traffic was too busy. So they were late. (改为同义句)The traffic was too busy. they were late.2. They ha

13、ve reached Beijing. (改为同义句)They have Beijing.3. My brother has just returned from Dalian. (改为同义句)My brother has just from Dalian.4. My grandfather began to study computer so that he might keep up with times. (改为同义句)My grandfather began to study computer keep up with times.5. I have learned hundreds

14、of new words. (改为同义句)I have learned new words.6. I cant run as quickly as my sister. (改为同义句)My sister can run me.答案：1. Thats why2. got to / arrived in3. come back4. in order to5. several hundred6. more quickly than四、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)1. 学一种语言很难。It is difficult a language.2. 宇宙飞船将发回大量的关于其他行星的资料。 The spac

15、eship will send back about other planets.3. 你认为警察在那栋老房子里搜查什么呢？What do you think the policemen are in the old house?4. 事实上，太阳离我们非常遥远。In fact, the sun is very from us.5. 我们不知道那是他不能来的原因。We dont know he cant come here.6. 我们的老师说地球绕着太阳转。 Our teacher said that the earth the sun.7. 他捐出二十亿美元帮助那里的人民。He gave t

16、o help the people there.8. 他现在90多岁了。He is ninety years old now.9. 当你离开时不要把你的婴儿单独留下。Dont your baby when you go away.答案：1. to learn2. much information3. searching for4. far away5. thats why6. goes around7. 2 billion dollars8. more than9. leave; alone一、单项选择1. While I was cleaning my room, my aunt . A.

17、reachedB. got toC. arrivedD. got at2. The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than in Shanghai. A. thisB. itC. thatD. one3. students took part in the sports meeting. A. Three hundred ofB. Hundred of C. Several hundredD. Three hundreds4. Shes not strong enough walking up mountains. A. to goB. goin

18、gC. goD. went5. There are millions of websites on the Internet and there a lot of useful on the websites. A. are; informationsB. are; information C. is; informationsD. is; information6. He listens to the weather report the radio. A. inB. onC. atD. from7. With the help of the Internet, news can every

19、 corner of the world. A. arriveB. reachC. goD. get8. - It snowed heavily last night. Is everyone in our class here today?- Yes, and of us was late for school this morning. A. noneB. neitherC. allD. either9. - ?- Im looking for a book about the universe. A. Whats wrong with youB. What do you do C. Wh

20、at are you up toD. Where are you going10. - Can you get me a ticket for the match?- . A. Sorry, no problemB. Certainly, no problem C. Excuse me, I cantD. Certainly, not problem答案：1-5 CCCAD6-10 BBACB二、完形填空 How much do you learn about the solar system? The following passage(短文) will tell you. The eart

21、h is a planet. It as well as seven 1 planets goes around the sun. We 2 the eight planets and the sun the solar system. The first planet, 3 the sun, is Mercury(水星). It is 58 million 4 from the sun. Venus(金星) is the second planet next to the sun, and 5 planet, the earth, is the third. It is 150 millio

22、n kilometers from the sun. Jupiter(木星), Saturn(土星), Neptune(海王星) and Uranus(天王星) are all 6 than the earth, 7 Venus, Mars and Mercury are smaller than the earth. Animals, trees and humans can only 8 on the earththe other planets in our solar system do not 9 air or water. Do any planets in other galax

23、ies have 10 ? We dont know about it.1.A. elseB. othersC. otherD. another2.A. knowB. callC. takeD. pick3.A. next toB. beforeC. out ofD. in front of4.A. yearsB. hoursC. metersD. kilometres5.A. ourB. theirC. herD. his6.A. lighterB. biggerC. shorterD. safer7.A. butB. orC. tillD. so8.A. knockB. tryC. liv

24、eD. land9.A. haveB. bringC. fillD. join10.A. planetB. systemC. galaxyD. life答案：1-5 CBADA6-10 BACAD _ _一、单项选择1. - What do you think of the four classics(名著) of China?- They are wonderful, but Ive read of them. A. bothB. neitherC. noneD. all2. - Do you know who is the first woman to fly ?- Valentina V

25、ladimirovna Tereshkova from Russia. A. in spaceB. in the spaceC. from spaceD. at space3. The old man lives . And he sometimes feels . A. lonely; aloneB. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonelyD. alone; alone4. This movie wasnt . He fell asleep half way through it. A. interesting enoughB. enough interesting

26、C. interested enoughD. enough interested5. There may be stars in the Milky Way. A. billionsB. billionC. billion ofD. billions of6. It is difficult me the work by myself. A. for; to finishB. on; finish C. on; to finishD. for; finishing7. the development of economy(经济), my hometown is becoming more an

27、d more beautiful. A. InB. OnC. ByD. With8. What bad news! We cant get the movie tickets. A. aB. anC. theD. /9. - Mingming, you TV for three hours. You should have a rest.- OK, Mum.A. have watchedB. are watchingC. watchesD. watch10. Sorry, I havent finished the work . A. alreadyB. beforeC. yetD. ever

28、二、完形填空 I always believed in UFOs, but I didnt see one. My husband didnt believe in UFOs before that 1 . Last Friday night, he drove home 2 work. He drove near a gas station (加油站) when he saw a bright light. It looked 3 a light. It was low, and it wasnt moving. He didnt 4 too much about it. He though

29、t maybe it was a street light, so he 5 up farther and then the light went off. But a few minutes later, it was on. He stopped the car. He 6 and looked around, but saw nothing. After a short while the 7 was on again. He got on the car and drove another 2 miles to our house. He sat in the 8 for a few

30、minutes thinking of what he saw. He got out of the car and the moving light went off. Then when he looked back, he could 9 it in the sky. Then he was 10 it must be a UFO. He went into our house and told me about it.1.A. morningB. afternoonC. nightD. year2.A. beforeB. thenC. ofD. after3.A. likeB. ofC

31、. outD. over4.A. watchB. lookC. thinkD. guess5.A. droveB. ranC. walkedD. jumped6.A. got inB. got downC. got offD. got on7.A. noiseB. trainC. carD. light8.A. gas stationB. carC. bedroomD. office9.A. watchB. hearC. seeD. look at10.A. boredB. sureC. interestedD. surprised三、阅读理解A Venus(金星) is only a lit

32、tle smaller than the earth, about 95% of the earths diameter(直径) and 80% of the earths mass(质量). The word Venus means the goddess of love and beauty in Greek. We name the planet so probably because it is one of the brightest planets we have known by now. We human beings have known Venus for a long t

33、ime. It is the brightest thing in the sky except the sun and the moon. Venus reaches its maximum(最大的) brightness shortly before sunrise or shortly after sunset, and is often thought as the Morning Star or as the Evening Star. A lot of observation of Venus was important to Copernicuss Heliocentric Th

34、eory (日心说) of the solar system. In 1962 scientists sent the first spacecraft(宇宙飞船) to explore Venus. So far there have been more than 20 and we will know more about Venus in the future.1. Whats Venus like? A. Its bigger and heavier than the earth. B. Its smaller and brighter than the moon. C. Its bi

35、gger and lighter than the sun. D. Its smaller and lighter than the earth.2. What does the word Venus mean in Greek? A. The goddess of love and beauty. B. The morning star. C. The evening star. D. The center of the solar system.3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Venus is not a planet. B. Venus is

36、the brightest in the sky. C. Venus is in the solar system. D. People have never sent a spacecraft to Venus.4. What does the underlined word observation mean in Chinese? A. 理论B. 观察C. 学说D. 作品5. Scientists sent the first spacecraft to Venus in . A. 2012B. 1942C. 1962D. 1982B All life on earth depends o

37、n the sun. Without the sun all living things on earth would die. The sun is a star. In space there are thousands of stars like the sun. They are almost as large as the sun and as hot as the sun. At night you can see many stars, but in the daytime you can only see one starthe sun. The sun is much nea

38、rer to us than any other star. That is why it looks like the biggest and brightest of all the stars. The distance of the sun from the earth is as much as 150 million kilometres. Most of the stars are thousands of light years away from the earth. Do you know what a light year is? Light travels about

39、300,000 kilometres a second. One light year is the distance that light travels in one year.6. What does the phrase depends on mean in Chinese? A. 决定B. 居住C. 环绕D. 依赖7. In space the sun is a . A. starB. solar systemC. planetD. moon8. The sun looks like the biggest of all the stars because the stars . A. are too small B. are too far away from the earth C. are too heavy