2022初中教案外研版初一（上）英语第8讲：unit 4 语法篇（解析版）.docx

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1、Unit4语法篇 _1. 熟练掌握have/has got的用法2. 熟练掌握some, any的用法3. 熟练掌握名词及名词的复数形式 一、have/has got 的用法1. have got意为“有；拥有”，如果想表达某人拥有某物，可用句型“主语+have/has got+其他”，其中have有人称和数的变化，当句子主语为第三人称单数或单数名词时，用has got。当句子主语是其他人称时，用have got。2. have got的否定形式为：havent got或hasntgot。We havent got any juice. 我们没有果汁。3. have got的一般疑问句形式，将

2、have/has提到主语前即可。-Have you got any carrot?你有胡萝卜吗？-Yes, I have./No, I havent.是的，我有。/不，我没有。4. have/has got与there be句型的区别（1）there be句型表示“存在，某地/某时有某人/某物”。 There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有本书。（2）have got表示“某人拥有某物”，此时是一种所有关系。She has got a dog. 她有一只狗。二、some，any的用法some和any 可用作形容词，意为“一些”，在句中修饰名词。1. some和any既可

3、以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，但some常用在肯定句中，而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。I have some meat for lunch, but I dont have any vegetables. 我午饭吃了些肉，但是没有吃蔬菜。2. 在表示请求、建议或者是希望得到对方肯定回到的疑问句中，须用some而不用any。Can I ask you some questions，Lucy？露西，我可以问你一些问题吗？（期望得到肯定回答）3. any用于肯定句中，修饰可数名词单数，意为“任何一个”。Any man knows that. 任何人都知道那件事。三、可数名词与不可数名词 名词

4、可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类，凡是可以计数的名词称为可数名词，凡是不可以计数的名称称为不可数名词。1. 可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式，可数名词单数前可用不定冠词a/an来修饰。复数名词前可用some, any, many及数词（one除外）等来修饰。a pencil 一支铅笔 many boats 许多船 two pencils两支铅笔2. 不可数名词没有单复数变化，可用some，any，much等来修饰。some juice 一些果汁 much milk 许多牛奶不可数名词前不能用不定冠词、数词及many来修饰，表示数量时用 “计量单位词+of短语”表示，其数量也应通过of前面的名词体现

5、出来。a glass of water 一杯水 two glasses of water 两杯水3. 名词复数的变化规则：（1） 一般在词尾加-s。book books bag bags（2）以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词，一般在词尾加-es。class classes（3）以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，在词尾加-s。boy boys（4）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加-es。strawberry strawberries family families（5）以f或fe结尾的名词，将f或fe变为v，再加-es。knife knives wife wives（6）一些以字

6、母o结尾的名词变复数时有的加-es，有的加-s。Negro Negroes hero heroes tomato tomatoes potato potatoes zoo zoos4. 还有一些不规则变化变内部原因字母：man men 男人 woman women女人 foot feet脚 tooth teeth 牙齿单复数同形：sheep 绵羊 deer鹿 Chinese中国人 Japanese 日本人完全不规则：child children 孩子 mouse mice 老鼠单项选择1. -Have you got any juice? - . But Ive got some tea.A.

7、 Yes, I doB. No, I dontC. Yes, I haveD. No, I havent2.（2014天津中考）-Is there beef in the fridge? -No, there isnt. There is pork.A. some, anyB. any, anyC. some, someD. any, some3.（2013贵州安顺中考）-Would you like coffee? -No, thanks. I dont want drinks(饮料) now.A. any, anyB. any, someC. some, someD. some, any4

8、.（2014四川凉山中考）-Where are you going, Sam? -There isnt any in the fridge. Ill go and buy some.A. vegetablesB. beefC. eggsD. money5.（2014贵州贵阳中考）-“Lily, lets make vegetable salad. How many do we need?” -“One is enough.”A. orangesB. potatoC. tomatoes6. She is one of my best .A. friendB. friendsC. a friend

9、D. friendes7. You shouldnt buy any , there are many in the fridge.A. juiceB. meatC. milkD. eggs解析及答案：1. 由答语中的“但是我有一些茶”推断我没有果汁，have got一般疑问句的否定回答为No, I havent, 故选D。2. 可用“语法分析法”解题。some常用于肯定句，any常用语否定句和疑问句。上句为一般疑问句，故第一个空用any，答语后为肯定句，故第二个空用some，故选D。3. 一般情况下，some用在肯定句中，any用在否定句和疑问句中。但是，在期望得到对方的肯定回答时，疑问句中

10、仍然用some，故选D。4. 可用“综合分析法”解题。由There isnt.可知后接可数名词单数或不可数名词，应排除A、C两项；由in the fridge（在冰箱里）可排除money（钱），剩下beef（牛肉），故选B。5. 可用“找关键词法”解题。有前句中的关键词vegetable salad“蔬菜沙拉”可知，应选择蔬菜，排除A；how many意为“多少”，后接复数名词，故选C。6. 此题考查固定搭配，one of 后接可数名词复数，意为“.之一”，friend的复数形式为friends，故选B。7. 此题考查名词用法。第二句中的many代替可数名词复数，意为“许多”，故选D。基础演练

11、一、单项选择1. There is some in the fridge. A. juiceB. carrotC. appleD. potato2. Weve got lots of . A. appleB. beefC. vegetableD. milks3. Too much is bad you. A. apples; forB. oranges; withC. meat; forD. meat; with4. His favourite food beef and rice. A. isB. areC. isntD. be5. Jack has got cakes, but he ha

12、snt got . A. some; some breadB. some; any bread C. some; any breadsD. any; some bread答案：1-5 ABCAB二、选词填空(句子选词填空) a an the someany1. There is meat and vegetables.2. Have we got coffee?3. Her friend is American girl.4. Whats in basket?5. There is tomato and three bananas on that table.6. There arent bo

13、oks in the bag.答案：1. some2. any3. an 4. the5. a6. any巩固提高三、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)1. Beans and eggs are (health) food.2. How many (tomato) are there in the box?3. My daughter likes (potato) very much.4. We havent got any (chicken) in the fridge.5. There (be) some water in the cup.答案：1. healthy2. tomatoes3. p

14、otatoes4. chicken5. is四、按要求转换句型1. We have got some apples. (改为否定句)We apples.2. Mary has got some milk. (改为一般疑问句) Mary milk?3. He has got a tomato. (变为复数句) got some .4. There are some potatoes in her hand. (改为同义句)She some potatoes in her hand.答案：1. havent got any2. Has, got any 3. They have, tomatoes

15、4. has got一、单项选择1. - Whats your favourite vegetable?- _.A. HamburgersB. TomatoC. BananasD. Eggs2. I have_ every day.A. chickensB. chickenesC. ice creamsD. bananas3. - Do you like _ ?- Yes, I do.A. tomato and noodleB. tomato and noodlesC. tomatos and noodleD. tomatoes and noodles4. Which is different

16、(不同的)from the others?A. Oranges.B. Apples.C. Bananas.D. Carrots.5. Would you like _apples?A. anyB. someC. anD. much6. Please give me _ and two .A. a bottle of apple juices; breadsB. a bottle of apple juice; fruit cakesC. an apple juice; breadD. some apple juices; fruit cake7. - Would you like someth

17、ing ?-Yes, please.A. to eat B. eating C. eatD. to ate8. What would you like supper?A. of B. for C. toD. in9. - Would you like rice?-No, thanks.A .any B .a C. someD. an10. There is orange on the table. orange is green.A. an; An B. the; The C. an; TheD. the; an答案：1-5 BDDDB6-10 BABCC二、完形填空Mrs. Jones: W

18、hich meal do we need most (最需要), breakfast, lunch or 1 ?Tony: Dinner.Mrs. Jones: Dinner is the biggest meal of the day. But I dont 2 we need it most.Tony: Is lunch the meal we need most?Mrs. Jones: No, 3 is the meal we need most. But why?Kate: It is a long time from night to morning. We have no 4 .M

19、rs. Jones: Right! If we dont have breakfast, we dont feel 5 . But what makes a good breakfast?James: I think we can 6 milk, bread, noodles or porridge(粥). 7 are good for us.Mrs. Jones: Thats right. We can eat some vegetables and fruit 8 the morning, too. They make us healthy.David: I 9 cola a lot. C

20、an I have that in the morning?Mrs. Jones: Youd better not (你最好不要). Water is good for you.Danny: Mum says we can not eat too many things after 10 .Mrs. Jones: Great, Danny. It may make you sick(生病的). After sports you need water and a rest first, not lots of food.1.A. fruitsB. foodC. dinnerD. vegetabl

21、es2.A. likeB. knowC. thinkD. want3.A. breakfastB. lunchC. dinnerD. supper4.A. waterB. foodC. vegetablesD. fruit5.A. goodB. greatC. wellD. bad6.A. takeB. makeC. haveD. eat7.A. YouB. TheyC. WeD. It8.A. forB. inC. onD. to9.A. eatB. bringC. likeD. take10.A. schoolB. lunchC. sportsD. breakfast答案：1-5 CCAB

22、C6-10 CBBCC _ _一、阅读理解AThe food in America is different from our Chinese food. For example, they eat a lot of potatoes. They like to eat them every day. They eat bread for breakfast. They eat their bread with butter(黄油), cheese or jam(果酱). Cheese and butter are made from (用做成)milk. They drink a lot o

23、f milk, too. They drink hot or cold milk, and they put it in their tea. And they like meat or fish with potatoes and other vegetables. After the meal they always eat something sweet. They call that dessert(甜点).1. The American food is Chinese food.A. the same as B. different from C. as well as D. bet

24、ter than2. Butter is made from .A. milkB. butter C. jam D. sweet3. In America they usually eat bread with .A. sugar B. milk C. cheese D. tea4. Which is not mentioned in the passage?A. Milk. B. Tea. C. Coffee. D. Rice porridge (粥).5. After the meal they like to eat .A. apples B. pizzas C. dessert D.

25、orangesB（深圳南山外国语学校2014年期中试题）Your hair grows about 1/4 to 1/2 inch every month. If you want to have healthy and shinning hair, read on for these top foods for your hair.Salmons When it comes to foods, salmons will come to our minds first. They are filled with vitamin B-12 and iron. They are good for

26、hair health.Beans Beans should be an important part of your hair-care diet. They provide a lot of protein and rich in iron, zinc(锌).Nuts Walnuts contain an omega-3 fatty acid (脂肪酸) that may help your hair grow. They are also rich in zinc. A short of zinc can lead to hair shedding, so make sure nuts

27、are on your healthy hair menu .Eggs Eggs are one of the best protein you can find .They_also_contain_vitamin_B-12, which is important beauty nutrients.6.The text tells us that_ contain Vitamin B-12.A. salmon and eggsB. salmon and nutsC. salmon and beans D. eggs and beans7.Beans are rich in _.A. iron

28、 B. zincC. proteinD. all of above8.Which of the following can make your hair become beautiful?A. IronB. vitamin B-12C. Omega-3 fatty acid D. Zinc9.The underline word “shedding” means _in the passage.A. 旺盛 B. 结束C. 生活 D. 脱落10.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？A. If you

29、 eat more eggs, you can get more iron.B. Salmons are one of the best foods for your hair.C. Your hair grows about 1/2 to 1 inch every month.D. You neednt eat nuts.C In many English homes people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner. People have breakfast at any time from seven to ni

30、ne in the morning. They eat porridge, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast. Lunch comes at one oclock. Afternoon tea is from four to five in the afternoon. And dinner is about half past seven. First they have soup, and then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that

31、 they eat some other things, like bananas, apples or oranges. But not all English people eat like that. Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper and these meals are very simple（简单的）.11. Many English people have _ meals a day.A. twoB.

32、threeC. fourD. three or four12. People may have _ for their breakfast.A. tea and eggsB. porridge, eggs, bread, tea or coffeeC. tea and coffeeD. bread and eggs13. People have lunch at _.A. any timeB. nineC. fiveD. one14. People dont have _ for their dinner.A. porridgeB. bananas and applesC. some soup

33、 and meatD. meat and fish15. In many English homes dinner comes _.A. at one oclockB. in the middle of the dayC. at noonD. at nightD My name is Gary and I have a sister and a brother, Rose and Paul. Do you eat healthy food every day? Its important! I like bananas very much. My mother often buys banan

34、as from the supermarket(超市) for me. Rose and Paul like hamburgers. They also like salad(沙拉). They make salad with some vegetables and fruit. But I dont like salad. Paul doesnt like broccoli(花椰菜). But Rose does. My parents like tomatoes and broccoli. We like fruit and vegetables, but we dont like ice

35、 cream. French fries(薯条) and ice cream are bad for us. Write a list of food you eat. Is it good for your health? Do you eat right food every day?16. like/likes bananas. A. GaryB. PaulC. Rose and GaryD. Rose and Paul17. Rose likes . A. salad and tomatoes B. hamburgers and bananas C. broccoli and ice

36、cream D. salad, hamburgers and broccoli18. Paul doesnt like . A. saladB. chickenC. vegetablesD. broccoli19. and like tomatoes. A. My parents; GaryB. Paul; Rose C. My father; my motherD. My parents; Paul20. are bad for our health. A. Tomatoes and broccoliB. Hamburgers and salad C. French fries and ice creamD. Bananas答案：1-5 BACDC6-10 ADBDB 11-15CBDAB16-20 ADDCC