高二英语-知识讲解Unit 2 Robots 语言点.doc

《高二英语-知识讲解Unit 2 Robots 语言点.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高二英语-知识讲解Unit 2 Robots 语言点.doc（9页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、Unit 2 Robots 语言点编稿：牛新阁 审稿：王春霞 学习目标重点词汇desire alarm sympathy favour accompany declare staff junior talent divorce 重点短语test out leave alone set aside in all ring upor rather turn aroundbe bound to 重点句型1. there be的变句式2. before从句大全3. have sb. doing 及其它知识讲解重点词汇desire 【原句回放】Do you think it is possible fo

2、r a robot to have its own needs and desires? 你认为机器人可能有自己的需要和欲望吗？【点拨】desire n. 愿望；欲望 v. 想要；向往常用搭配：a desire for sth./ to do sth. 得到某物/做某事的渴望at ones desire 应某人的要求desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire + 从句（从句谓语用“should + 动词原形”，should可省）They have no desire to work for the government. 他们不想为政府工作。The President desi

3、res that you (should) visit him next week. 总统希望你下周来拜访他。The company naturally desires to avoid negative publicity.公司自然想避开负面的宣传。They all know the leaders desire that neither country (should) lose any territory.他们都明白两国领导人对两国都不要失去领土的希望。alarm 【原句回放】However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed.

4、 然而她初次见到机器人时就感到吃惊。【点拨】alarm vt. 使警觉，使惊恐，惊动n. 警报，闹表，惊恐 常见搭配：sound/ raise the alarm 发警报 a fire alarm 火警Her high temperature alarmed the doctors. 她的高烧惊动了医生们。 She turned in alarm as the wind blew the door open. 当风把门刮开时，她惊恐地转过身。【拓展1】1. alarmed adj. 担心的，害怕的（表示人的感觉）常见搭配：be alarmed by/ at/over 因为.感到惊恐There

5、is no need to look so alarmed. 没有必要显得那么惊恐吧。The police have become increasingly alarmed by the number of prisoners trying to escape. 警察们已经因为试图逃跑的囚犯的数量而担心了。 2. alarming adj. 使人惊恐的, 令人担忧的We noticed that there was an alarming increase in violent crime in those cities.我们注意到那些城市里的暴力犯罪的增长速度惊人。【拓展2】本单元出现的表示

6、情感的形容词还有： embarrassed 感到尴尬的amazed 感到吃惊的 amused 感到愉快的 surprised 感到惊奇的 disturbed 感到不安的upset 感到不适的 satisfied 感到满意的 frightened 感到害怕的 同样，这些词的动词形式表示“使（某人）.”，动词-ing形式表示事物的性质和特点，译成“令人.的”。如： Be careful not to embarrass others by asking embarrassing questions. 注意不要问令人尴尬的问题, 那样会使人难堪。sympathy 【原句回放】Claire thoug

7、ht it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot. 克莱尔觉得，机器人会向她表示同情，这有点荒唐可笑。【点拨】sympathy n. 同情（心） 常用搭配：feel/have sympathy for 对.表示同情get/ win sympathy from sb. 获得某人的同情out of sympathy 出于同情 in sympathy with 赞同，同情express sympathy for对表示慰问I felt much sympathy for the blind. 我很同情盲人。They gave him some

8、 money out of sympathy.他们出于同情给了他一些钱。If possible, lets express sympathy for the old in our town. 如果可能的话，咱们去慰问一下镇上的老人吧。favour 【原句回放】As a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant. 托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得漂亮，使她的家更加高雅大方。【点拨】favour n. 恩惠、帮忙、善行、喜爱、支持（美语拼写favor）常见搭配：do

9、sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙 in favour of 同意，支持As a favour, the man gave me some money to help me get through the hard time. 作为一种善行，那人给了我一些钱帮我度过难关。The idea may find favour with old people. 这个想法可能会得到老年人的赞同的。Could you do me a favour and turn off that light? 你能帮帮忙关了那盏灯吗？I am not in favour of the decision to clo

10、se the village primary school. 我不赞成关闭这所乡村小学的决定。【拓展】favour vt. 喜欢，偏袒，有利于Of the two possible plans I favour the first. 在这两种可行方案中，我赞成前者。The grandparents often favour their grandson. 这家的爷爷奶奶经常偏袒孙子。A hot climate and plentiful rainfall favour the growth of plants. 炎热的气候和丰沛的雨水有利于植物生长。accompany 【原句回放】 As he

11、 was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her. 【点拨】accompany vt. 伴随，陪同；和一起发生；附带常见搭配：accompany sb. to 陪某人去I must ask you to accompany me to the police station. 我必须请你陪我去警察局。Children under 12 must be accompanied by an adult. 12岁以下的孩子必须有成年人同行。Thunders accompanied b

12、y heavy rain in this season are very common.这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。【拓展】company n. 陪伴，陪同，公司declare 【原句回放】She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didnt want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. 她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足仅仅使她开心。【点拨】decl

13、are vt. 表明，声明，宣布，宣告，宣称常见搭配：declare sb./sth. (to be) sth. 声称某人/物. declare for/against 声明支持/ 反对Australia declared its support for the agreement. 澳大利亚宣布支持这项协议。The judge declared him the winner of the game. 裁判宣布他赢得了比赛。Brady declared that he had no intention of giving up the fight.布雷迪声称他无意放弃这场战斗。【拓展】decl

14、are与announcedeclare用于正式场合，清楚有力地让人知道某件大事、要闻或官方的立场、态度等。用于普通场合，给人“一本正经”的感觉。announce把人们关心或感兴趣的事公布于众。The war was declared illegal by the International Court of Justice.国际法庭宣布这场战争是非法的。If I have a birthday party, I want to announce it to my friends.如果我办生日晚会的话，我想通报我的朋友们。staff 【原句回放】In 1942 he joined the sta

15、ff of the Philadelphia Navy Yard as a junior chemist and worked there for three years. 1942年，他在费城海军造船厂担任初级化学师，干了三年。【点拨】staff n. 全体职员We discussed when the general meeting of the whole staff was to be held.我们讨论了什么时候召开全体员工大会。注意：staff作主语时，如强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如强调个体，谓语动词用复数。The staff in this shop are very helpf

16、ul. 这家店里的员工非常乐意帮忙。The staff in this school is high in quality. 这所学校的员工素质很高。【拓展】staff 手杖 A staff is quickly found to beat a dog with. 打狗不愁找不到棍子。/ 欲加之罪, 何患无辞。junior 【原句回放】In 1942 he joined the staff of the Philadelphia Navy Yard as a junior chemist and worked there for three years. 1942年，他在费城海军造船厂担任初级

17、化学师，干了三年。【点拨】junior adj. 较年幼的，地位较低的，资历较浅的固定搭配：be junior to sb. 比某人级别低/资历浅（不与than连用）My brother is three years junior to me.我弟弟比我小三岁。He is junior to several men in the office. 他职位比办公室里几位男性低。【拓展】类似用法：be superior to 优于. be senior to 比.资格老/年纪大talent 【原句回放】It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his

18、talent for writing became obvious.早在阿西莫夫十一岁的时候他的写作天赋就已经显露出来了。【点拨】talent n. 天才，特殊能力，才干常用搭配：have a talent for 有.的天资/天赋 show a talent for 表现出.才能 a man of many talents 多才多艺的男子 talent show/ contest 才艺展示/ 比赛He had a talent for drawing when he was very young. 他很小的时候就有绘画的天赋。We all envy her because she is a

19、woman of many talents.我们都羡慕她，因为她是一个多才多艺的女子。He is considered to be the most excellent talent in our company.他被认为是我们公司里最优秀的人才。【拓展1】talented adj. 有才能的；聪颖的【拓展2】have a gift for 有.天赋 gifted adj. 有天赋的，有才华的divorce 【原句回放】Soon after his divorce in 1973, Asimov married again but he had no children with his sec

20、ond wife. 1973年离婚后不久，阿西莫夫又结婚了，但是他与第二任妻子没有孩子。【点拨】divorce n. 离婚；分离；脱离vt. 使离婚, 分割；分离；分裂常用搭配：get a divorce (from) (与)离婚 divorce oneself from 与.离婚, 与. .分开be divorced form 与某人离婚，与脱离get divorced 离婚They have agreed to get a divorce. 他们已经协议离婚了。They are divorcing each other他们正闹离婚。 She divorced her husband two

21、 years ago. 她两年前同丈夫离婚了。We shouldnt divorce theory from practice我们不应该把理论与实践分开。【拓展】marry vt. 娶, 嫁, 和. .结婚常用搭配：marry sb. 和某人结婚 be married to sb. 与某人结婚了 get married 结婚重点短语【高清课堂：Unit 2词语精讲-词组】test out 【原句回放】It was going to be tested out by Larrys wife, Claire. 它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来检验。【点拨】test out 考验，彻底检查 （test 检测

22、，out有“穷尽、彻底”之意，此处表示“检查”的程度）He is going to test out the result of the experiment. 他要彻底查一下试验的结果。The university students willtest outthe computer program for any bugs.这些大学生们要检查一下这些计算机程序里面有没有漏洞。（bug 臭虫，也指计算机程序中的错误，即设计漏洞）leave alone 【原句回放】She shouted “Leave me alone”and ran to her bed . She cried all nig

23、ht. 她嚷着：“让我独自呆一会儿！”，就跑上床，哭了一个通宵。【点拨】leave . alone 不管，不干涉；不理会；让一个人单独呆着。 Leave those flowers alone; You are going to spoil them.别动那些花，你会弄坏他们的。Its not your problem, so why dont you just leave it alone?这不是你的问题，所以你干嘛不把它放在一边就别管了呢？Leave me alone. 别理我。set aside 【原句回放】He felt happy when his boss stated that

24、he could set aside some time for exercise. 当老板宣布说他将留出部分时间进行锻炼时，他感到很高兴。【点拨】set aside将放在一边，对某事置之不理，为节省或保留（钱、时间） （set 设置，aside 一边。表示“save”时，常接时间或金钱）Try to set aside at least an hour each day for review purpose. 每天设法留出至少一小时来复习。She tries to set aside some money every month. 每个月她都设法省出一些钱来。（也可以用put aside表示

25、“把.放在一边”）The hotel managersetasidetwo pleasant rooms for us. （set aside 预留）酒店经理给我们预留了两个特别好的房间。【拓展】与set有关的短语：set about doing 开始做某事set out to do 开始做某事set off 动身，出发（set out也有此意，表示“动身去某地”，后都接for sp.）set up 建立，成立set apart 分开注意：1. set about 中about是介词，所以此短语后接动词-ing形式。2. set out也有“动身，出发”之意，表示“动身去某地”，后都接for

26、sp.，即set out/off for sp.）3. build等表示“建造房子、大楼等”，found 指一个政权或组织的建立，而set up常指内部设施的填充，或建立一个体系等。4. set apart 中间经常加sb./sth.，如：No one/ Nothing can set us apart. 没有人/东西能把我们分开。in all 【原句回放】There were sixty in all. 共有60张卡片。【点拨】in all 总计，一共（相当于altogether，还可以用in total）There were twelve of us in all for dinner.

27、总共我们有12人聚餐。He has his faults, but,all in all, he is a good helper. 他有他的错误，但整体来讲，他是一个好的帮手(all in all表示“总体来说”，相当于on the whole) ring up【原句回放】. she rang Tony up and told the clerk to speak to him. 她打电话给托尼，让售货员同托尼讲话。【点拨】ring sb. up给某人打电话 此短语也可写成ring up sb.，但如果宾语是代词时，一般放在up前，up也可省去。Last evening I was rung

28、 up by an old friend whom I had not heard of for years.昨晚一位老朋友打电话给我，我多年没听到他的消息了。Could you ring him up before nine? 你能九点前给他打电话吗？【拓展1】表示“打电话”还可用：call (up) sb.give sb. a call/ ringmake a phone call to sb.(tele)phone sb. 【拓展2】ring off the telephone挂断电话 ring back= call back回电话answer the phone 接电话 or rath

29、er 【原句回放】So Claire borrowed a pile of books from the library for him to read, or rather, scan. 于是克莱尔从图书馆借来了一堆书给托尼阅读，或者说给他浏览一下。【点拨】or rather或者说，准确地说What I want is the truth, or rather a series of truth. 我需要的是事实, 准确地说是一系列事实。She worked as a secretary, or rather, a personal assistant. 她当了秘书,确切地讲,是私人助理。【

30、拓展】易混短语：rather than 与其.倒不如.，而不是；other than 除了，不同于turn around【原句回放】As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 她刚转过身去时, 就看到格拉迪丝克拉芬站在那儿。【点拨】turn around（turn round）转向，回转，转过身，逆转The bus had to back up and turn around. 汽车得往后退，再倒过来。In not more than three years, she had completely turned the company

31、around.不到三年，她就让公司完全变了样。（turn around 指把一个公司由不成功变成了成功）【拓展】其他与turn有关的短语: turn back 折回, 翻回 turn in 上交turn down 拒绝, 调小/低turn up 出现，调大turn on 开(灯等) turn off 关(灯等) turn out 结果是; 生产turn to 转向，变成，求助于turn over 打翻，翻过be bound to 【原句回放】Who said that making a robot so much like a man was bound to cause trouble? 谁

32、说的把机器人造得这么像人一定会引起麻烦的？【点拨】be bound to do/be 一定做/是；应该做/是All of us are bound to obey the laws.我们所有人都应该遵守法律。The weather is bound to get better tomorrow.明天天气一定会变好。You are bound to succeed if you work hard.如果你努力你一定会成功的。 Dont lie to your mother. Shes bound to find out about it.不要跟你妈妈撒谎，她一定会发现你在撒谎的。重点句型ther

33、e be的变句式【原句回放】As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 她刚转过身去时, 就看到格拉迪丝克拉芬站在那儿。【点拨】there be的变句式there be句型中的be可以用某些动词代替，这些动词有：seem to be, happen to be, live, lie, exist, arise, enter, come, go, remain等。Once there lived an old monk in the temple on the mountain.从前山上的寺庙里住着一位老僧人。There comes a

34、knock at the door. 有人敲门。 There remains one question to be discussed. 还剩一个问题要讨论。There seems to be nobody in the factory. 厂里好像没有人。There happened to be a small restaurant by the road. 路边碰巧有家小餐馆。before从句大全【原句回放】“You can be like her,” Tony told her and suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to

35、the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. 托尼告诉克莱尔说，她可以同格拉迪斯一样，还建议克莱尔邀请格拉迪斯和她的朋友到家里来玩，时间就定在托尼离去和拉里回家之前的那个晚上。【点拨】before 作连词，引导时间状语从句 1. 表示“在.之前”。 They had got everything ready before I arrived. 我到之前他们已经把一切都准备好了。2. 表示“才”，强调从句表示的时间、距离很长或花费的力量很大。 The big fire lasted four hours b

36、efore the firemen brought it under control. 大火持续了4个小时，消防队员才把它控制住。3. 表示“还没有来得及.就”，强调主句谓语动词持续时间很短。 He jumped into the water before I could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻止他，他就跳进了水里。4. 与hardly，scarcely连用，表示“一.就，刚刚.就”。She had scarcely got off the car before (=when) her daughter ran towards her.她刚一下车，女儿就朝她跑了过去。5. 表示“

37、宁可，宁愿”，相当于rather than。 Id die before I apologized to them. 我宁死也不向他们道歉。注意：before常考句型It was . before . 过了（一段时间）才.It will be . before . 要用（一段时间）才.It wasnt . before . 没过（多长时间）就.It wont be . before . 用不了（多长时间）就会. It was long before he came to help me. 过了很久他才来帮我。 It will be another five days before we fin

38、ish this task. 还要再过5天我们才能完成这项任务。 It wasnt long before the fire was put out. 不久火就被扑灭了。 It wont be a long time/ long before someone comes to see you. 不久就会有人来看你。have sb. doing 及其它【原句回放】1. Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939. 2. But even though Tony.you cannot have

39、 women falling in love with machine. 【点拨】1. have sb. doing 使/让某人做某事（强调过程，用于否定句时，have有“容忍”之意）She had us all laughing at her jokes. 她的笑话让我们大笑不已。They had their lights burning all night long，reviewing their lessons.他们让灯整夜亮着复习功课。I cant have you going everywhere and doing nothing all day. 我不能让你整天无所事事地东游西逛

40、。2. have sth. done =get sth. done 使/让某事由别人去做注意：宾语sth.与宾语补足语done之间的被动关系，有时have有“遭受”之意。The patient is going to have his temperature taken. 这个病人准备让人给他量一下体温。He had his leg injured while playing football. 他在踢足球时腿受了伤。（此句中have有“遭受”之意）3. have sb. do sth. 使/让某人去做某事We are going to have her live with her aunt. 我们准备让她和她婶婶住在一起。【拓展】make sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事get sb. to do sth使/让某人做某事，注意：make和have一般接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，而get要接带to的不定式作宾语补足语。His boss made him work all the night. 他的老板让他一整夜都在工作。=His boss got him to work all the night.