DHS系统置入质量控制在老年股骨粗降间骨折治疗中的应用.docx
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1、DHS系统置入质量控制在老年股骨粗降间骨折治疗中的应用 【摘 要】目的:探讨DHS系统置入质量限制提高DHS置入精确性。方法:选择2022年3月至2022年3月,采纳DHS系统内固定31例,Evans分型,I型:17例,II型14例。多学科对患者原有基础疾病进行明确诊断,专科治疗,基础疾病限制平稳,健康状况明显改善后,尽早手术。术前股骨髁上骨牵引复位,完全订正短缩、旋转畸形,颈干角与对侧相像,并适当“过牵”。将DHS系统置入:主钉距离股骨头边缘5-10mm,透视正侧位在股骨颈内中置,侧钢板位于股骨近端外侧中线,贴合良好的标准位置。结果:23例符合DHS内固定者,置入标准位置,4例主钉选择偏短,
2、DHS主钉距离股骨头边缘10mm以上,其中,3例在股骨颈正侧位,主钉未能中置,选择较短主钉。1例置入偏短主钉。2例DHS侧钢板由于进钉点偏前,侧钢板未置入股骨近端外侧中线。1例术后主钉从股骨颈切出,术后8天进行翻修手术。30例术后1、3、6、12月门诊骨盆正位,股骨颈正轴位正示,获得骨性愈合,无主钉断钉,断板,1例主钉切出。结论:导针、主钉置入质量限制,是DHS系统置入质量限制的关键。 【中图分类号】R683.42 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1014-748405-0750-02 Application of Quality Control in Treatment of femoral
3、intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly with Insertion of DHS system 【Abstract】Objective:To investigate the quality control in the DHS placement to improve the accuracy of the DHS placement. Methods:From March 2022 to March 2022, 31 cases were fixed with the DHS systems, according Evans classifica
4、tion, type I: 17 cases, and 14 cases of Type II. The patients were operated as soon as possible after treated against the original diseases. The femoral epicondylus tractions were performed preoperatively to correct the shortening and rotational deformity completely and to make the neck shaft angle
5、similar to the contralateral and to keep appropriate over-traction stations. The DHS systems were placed: the main nail was placed about 5-10mm from the head edge of femoral and were sure in the middle of the neck of the femoral with fluoroscopy, and the plate was placed in the standard position on
6、the middle line of the proximal of the femoral. Result:The nails were in the standard position in 23 cases, and were too short in 4 cases with the distance over 10mm from the edge of the head of the femoral. The nails were not in the standard position and too short in 3 cases, and was too short in 1
7、 case. The plates of DHS were not on the middle line of the proximal of the femoral because the start points were in the front of the standard point. The nail was out of the neck of the femoral post operation, and had to revision after 8 days post operation. 30 cases of fractures were union without
8、broken of the nails and plate with followed 12 months, and the nail was out of the neck of the femoral. Conclusion:The quality control in the nail placement with the guide needle is the key point to the quality control in the DHS system placement. 股骨粗降间骨折为常见多发骨折,随着人口老龄化进一步加速,老年人股骨粗降间骨折风险明显增加,选择适当治疗方
9、法,削减并发症发生,提高老年人生活质量是治疗高龄股骨粗降间骨折主要目的。DHS系统治疗股骨粗降间骨折有近40余年历史,上世纪73年头成为固定转子四周骨折的“金标准”1,其性能得到充分确定,至今仍旧被广泛应用,近年来DHS系统锁定固定方式,对于股骨粗隆间骨折合并不同程度骨质疏松患者,提高了固定效果,应用该系统治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折,手术操作已近标准化,对DHS系统置入进行质量限制,提高固定效果及手术质量。 1 资料与方法: 1.1 一般资料 自2022年3月至2022年3月,我科收治65岁以上股近端骨折患者87例,年龄:65岁-101岁。男性21例,女性66例,12例采纳非手术治疗,14例采纳P
10、FNA固定,5例多针固定,56例DHS固定,其中选取由本文第一作者采纳DHS系统内固定患者31例,Evans分型,I型:17例,II型14例。合并呼吸系统疾病13例,心血管系统疾病24例,糖尿病11例,泌尿系统疾病5例,同时合并高血压,糖尿病17例。 患者入院后,呼吸,心血管,内分泌,神经,麻醉等多临床科室对患者原有基础疾病进行明确诊断,进行专科治疗,患者原有基础疾病限制平稳,健康状况明显改善后,尽早手术。 入院当日行股骨髁上骨牵引术,限期内,订正骨折端短缩、重叠、旋转畸形,并维持轻度“过牵” 1.2 手术方法 采纳全麻或椎管内麻醉,平卧位,以大粗降为中心,纵形切开皮肤,长度以预置入DHS接骨
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