2022初中教案北师大版初二（上）英语第4讲：unit 2 语法篇(原卷版).docx

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1、Unit 2语法篇_理解并掌握情态动词can, must, 和have to的用法情态动词can, must和have to都是情态动词。情态动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和态度。1. can的用法can没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为can not，可缩写为cant。can的过去式是could，用于一般过去时的句子中。Can的主要用法：(1) 表示许可，意为“可以”。例如：You can do it tomorrow. 你可以明天做。You cant go now. 现在你不能走。(2) 表示请求（对方）许可，意为“能，可以”，一般用于句

2、型“Can I/we?”，肯定回答一般为“Yes, you can.”，否定回答一般为“Sorry, you cant.”。例如：-Can we leave now? 我们现在可以走了吗？-Yes, you can. 是的，可以。(3) 表示能力，意为“能，会”，具体指体力或脑力方面的能力。例如：I can play basketball. 我会打篮球。Can you sing well? 你唱歌唱得好吗？2. must和have to的用法 must和have to都表示“必须”，其用法和区别如下：must必须表示主观看法没有人称、时态和数的变化只用于一般现在时，可表示现在或将来mustnt

3、表示“禁止”；一定不要have to必须；不得不表示客观要求有人称、时态、数的变化可用于多种时态，可表示过去、现在或将来dont have to 表示“不必” 例如： We must study hard. 我们必须努力学习。 I had to borrow some money from my elder sister. 我不得不向姐姐借了一些钱。 You mustnt tell her about it. 你绝对不要告诉她这件事。3. need的用法 (1) need作为情态动词时，后面必须跟动词原形。无人称、数和时态的变化，常用于否定句和疑问句中。例如：You neednt go thi

4、s week. 这周你不必去。由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用must，否定回答一般用neednt。例如：-Need I come? -Yes, you must./ No, you neednt.(2) need作为实义动词，有人称、数和时态的变化（在变为否定句和疑问句时需借助于助动词）当主语是人时，后可接名词和动词不定式，即：need sth./ need to do sth.，例如： He needs some help. 他需要一些帮助。Its cold outside. You need to wear more clothes. 外面很冷，你需要多穿点衣服。need后跟不

5、定式且用于否定句中时，表示“不必”，指没义务或没必要做某事。例如：You dont need to do it at once. 你不必马上做那件事情。当主语为物时，后接名词或v-ing。例如：The flowers need water. 这些花需要水。The flowers need watering. 这些花需要浇水。注意： 1.以must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt 或dont have to。例如：-Must I go with them? 我必须跟他们走吗？-Yes, you must. 是的，你必须去。/No, you neednt. / you

6、dont have to. 不，没必要。2. have to不能直接构成否定句或疑问句，而是要借助于助动词。例如： You dont have to get up early. 你不必早起。 Does she have to wash the clothes now? 现在她必须洗衣服吗？1. Children _sit in the front seat of a car. Its too dangerous. A. need B. neednt C. must D. mustnt2. I _follow you. Would you please repeat it? A. cant B.

7、 dont C. neednt D. mustnt3. We_pay to get into the concert. Its free. A. cant B. mustnt C. might not D. dont have to4. -_you come with me to Lang Langs piano concert this evening?-Id love to, but I have to study for my math test. A. Should B. May C. Must D. Can5. -Excuse me, may I keep the book a li

8、ttle longer?-Sorry. You _ return it today. A. must B. mustnt C. can D. cant 6. -Look, someone left a book. -Oh, yeahThis book_be Kittys. Only she likes to read this kind of books.A. can B. must C. may D. might 7. -Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?-Yes, you_.A. must B. can C. may D. n

9、eed 8. -Mr. Wang, can I finish my homework tomorrow?-Sorry, you_.A. cant B. dont C. neednt D. wont基础演练一、用can, cant, must, mustnt, have to填空1. Mary_ play a musical instrument very well.2.You cant play basketball in the classroom, you _play it in the playground. 3. -Where is my watch. I cant find it.-

10、Dont worry. It _be somewhere in your room.4. You_clean the room right now; you can do it tomorrow.5. You_tell anyone. Its a secret.6. Im not working tomorrow, so I _get up early.7. Tom cant come out, he_do his homework.8. You _smoke here.9. You_drive fast near a school.10. That woman _be Li Leis mot

11、her. I know her.二、单项选择1. -_I do the laundry first? -No, you_. You can do your homework first.A. Must; mustnt B. Can; mustnt C. Must; neednt D. May; neednt2. -Can I go to the park, Mum? -Certainly. But you_be back by six oclock. A. can B. may C. might D. must3. The man_be my English teacher. I dont k

12、now him.A. might B. must C. cant D. Have to4. Hi, guy! You_not park your car here. Its for our customers only.A. need B. may C. will D. can5. -You_be excited that youre going back to your hometown soon. -Yes, I cant wait any longer.A. shall B. can C. need D. must巩固提高一、根据中文提示完成句子1. 你可以用木材，但不可以用塑料。 Yo

13、u_, but you _use plastic.2. 你必须在老师和同学面前测试它。 You_test it_your teacher and your classmates. 3. 当我们在图书馆时，不能大声喧哗。 When we are in the library, we_shout.4. 我们不得不每天穿校服。 We _ school uniforms every day.5. 你必须现在回家吗？ _you_now?6. 你现在不必做作业，你可以明天做。 You _ do your homework now, you_do it tomorrow.7. 我们不可以那样跟老师说话。 W

14、e_our teacher like that.8. 你可以借我的书，但必须按时归还。 You _my book, but you_it _.9. 你认为学生可以在课堂上睡觉吗？ Do you think students_?10. 你可以用木材、纸张，但一定不要用其他的东西。 You_use_and_, but you _use _.二、翻译1. 我哥哥花了两周教我弹吉他。_2.我们通常晚饭后散步。_3. 孩子们一个接一个地下了公交车。 _4. 我认为Tony不会讲汉语。_5. 准时是很重要的。_一、单项选择1. People_always be careful with fire, or

15、it can be dangerous. A. can B. neednt C. must D. shouldnt2. It rained heavily, so we_ stay at home watching TV. A. could B. had to C. must D. have to 3. Reading everyday can make you_. A. became a superstar B. getting clever C. to have fun D. feel good4. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.

16、 Is it Jane? -No, it _be her. She is at school now.A. may not B. mustnt C. cant D. wont5. _nice the ice cream looks! I cant wait to taste it. A. How a B. How C. What a D. What6. Look! They are still working on _the problem. A. solve B. solved C. solving D. to solve7. The story of Yu Gong is_. Im _in

17、 it.A. interesting; interesting B. interest; interesting C. interesting; interested D. interest; interested8. They didnt go to bed_they finished their homework.A. until B. after C. when D. as soon as9. According to the new traffic law, everyone in a car_wear the seat belt.A. can B. may C. must D. wi

18、ll10. Our teacher often asks us_questions in groups.A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed二、完形填空The Read family comes to a new big city, but Mrs. Reads son, Bob, is not happy. He doesnt have anyone to play with. “Dont 1 !” says his mother, “You will soon make friends here.”One morning,

19、there is a 2 at the door. Bobs mother, Mrs. Read, opens it. There stands a woman with brown hair. It is Mrs. Miller. She comes to borrow some 3 . She wants to 4 cakes. Mrs. Read gives her two. In the afternoon, there is another knock at the door. Mrs. Read opens it and sees a boy 5 there. “My name i

20、s Jack Miller,” he says, “My mother sends you this cake and the two eggs.” “Well, thank you, Jack.” Says Mrs. Read, “ 6 and meet my son Bob.”Look! Bob and Jack are having cake and milk. They are playing football. Now they are 7 ! Jack says, “Im glad you live next door.” Bob says, “I must thank your

21、mother for coming to 8 eggs.” Jack laughs and tells Bob, “My mother doesnt want the two eggs, but she wants to make friends 9 your mother.” Bob says, “Thats a funny way to make friends. Its a (n) 10 way, too. It can work!”Only if youre willing to make friends can you always find some ways. 1. A. wor

22、ry B. frighten C. excite D. interest2. A. shout B. cry C. knock D. bark3. A. cakes B. desks C. milk D. eggs4. A. cook B. pay C. ask D. make5. A. lifting B. sitting C. standing D. lying6. A. Come in B. Go away C. Get out D. Turn around7. A. classmates B. enemies C. friends D. brothers8. A. lend B. bo

23、rrow C. give D. take9. A. into B. to C. after D. with10. A. easy B. difficult C. foolish D. bad_一、单项选择1. There is_ wrong with this computer. It doesnt work. A. something B. anything C. everythingD. nothing2. -_ you help me mend the radio? -Yes, I can. A. May B. Might C. Must D. Can3. -Which colour d

24、o you like _, blue or green? -Blue. A. good B. better C. best D. the best4. Tom is a good boy and he writes _ in his class. A. careful B. the most carefulC. carefully D. the most carefully5. -Is Mike at home? -No. He_ with his brother. A. swims B. was swimmingC. is swimmingD. swam (附：单选1-5, 2014-201

25、5北京市东城区（南片）八年级上学期期末考试英语试卷)二、阅读理解AStudying in groups is becoming more and more popular in class. It has many advantages. For example, we can not only save time but also encourage each other when we study in groups.I still remember when I was in Grade 8, my physics was very poor. I had a really hard t

26、ime with it. Once in class, the teachers asked us to discuss it with each other, but I was very shy, I could not do it like what they told me. My physics teacher encouraged me to face others and talk with someone else bravely. Then I studied with some classmates together. When I did not understand a

27、ny questions, they could give me some advice, I could quickly find out the ways to deal with the problems. After that, I felt very relaxed and asked my classmates a lot of questions about physics. I did not feel stressed out at all. At last, I finished my homework by myself for the first time. How e

28、xcited I was!Because of studying in groups, I am not worried about physics any more. With my classmates help, I get more confidence. It also gives me more chances to improve myself in many ways. So lets study more in groups.1. _was poor for the writer in Grade 8. A. English B. Physics C. Maths D. Ge

29、ography 2. Why could the author not do it like what they told her? A. Because she was very shy. B. Because she was afraid. C. Because she could not know how to do it. D. Because she could not know what to do3. The underlined word “poor” in the passage means_. A.穷的 B. 差的 C.稀少的 D. 可怜的4. Which of the f

30、ollowing is WRONG in this article? A. I felt relaxed after studying in groups. B. We can save time and encourage each other when studying in groups. C. I was excited because I could finish my homework alone at last. D. I am still worrying about physics because of studying with my classmates.5. What

31、is the best title of the article? A. To study in groups B. To do homework in groups C. To study alone D. To do homework alone BSummer Camps for ChildrenZEM, Education Language Summer CampAges: 8-14You can come to this 2-week camp to learn Spanish in a good environment. There you can take part in lot

32、s of activities, such as camping, swimming and mountain-biking with Spanish children. Anglia Summer SchoolAges: 8-19Our summer school is something special. You can learn about stage work, such as acting, singing and dancing. As well as improving these skills you will also be able to learn about team

33、work.Science CampAges: 4-14Our camp provides the chance for children to make discoveries. It is not only for fun but also educational. This camp has many activities in areas such as chemistry, nature, and technology. You can also do plenty of exciting science experiments here. A Rock Star CampAges:

34、8-16This camp is perfect for creating superstars. We are ready to discover and train musical children who want to become superstars.6. How many days does the Language Summer Camp last?A. 7 days B. 10 days C. 14 days D.15 days7. Which of the following cannot you learn in Anglia Summer School?A. Actin

35、g B. Singing C. DancingD. Camping8. Peter is very interested in animals. Which summer camp do you think he should take part in?A. A Rock Star Camp B. Anglia Summer SchoolC. Science Camp D. ZEM, Education Language Summer Camp9. If you are fifteen years old this year, how many summer camps can you tak

36、e part in?A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four10. Where can you probably read this passage?A. In a book about childrens educationB. On poster about summer activities for childrenC. In a magazine about superstarsD. On a website about schools for childrenCWhen I was seven years old, my family made me an ant

37、 farm. First, we put clean sand in a thin glass box. Then we waited for the ants to arrive.After the ants were in the glass farm, they started to make tunnels (隧道). I was amazed that each one knew exactly what to do. Each had its own job.On the fifth day a tragedy happened. I put my face so close to

38、 the glass farm that I knocked it over. All the tunnels fell down. Although the ants remained alive after their earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was scared as I watched them give up building their tunnels to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm. My mother said that the ants were dying of sadness. They simply could not stand that their tunnels were gone. Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, but it taught me much more. Over the years, I came to realize the impor